rajkumar new ppt

8/3/2019 Rajkumar New Ppt

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objective

To power a home bysolar(renewable)energy

Installing PV solarpanels for energy needin home

Producing our ownpower for our need

Producing power withvery low pollution


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Energy Demands?

Increase in energy demands on marketsReasons

industry development

increasing Population

Comfort living

electronics generation

depleting fossil fuels


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Going for Renewable

Depleting of Fossil fuels

Fossil fuels by current productionCoal-118 years

Oil - 46 years

Gas -59 years

Time to develop clean andsustainable power


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Types of Renewable energy

Renewable

Energy

Are

Here

Solar Wind

Hydro

Geo-Thermal Biomass

Tidal

OTEC & other EmergingTechnolo ies


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Reason to use renewable ener

Unpredictable increase in conventional fuel co Reduces negative impact on the environment

Cleaner production methods

No harmful by-products or pollutants

Promotes a clean atmosphere

Unlimited supplies

Smaller utility bills

Energy independence

C t f l


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Common types of solar energsystems

Photovoltaic Systems (PV) solar electric ceused to convert radiation from the sun into elThis can be used for homes and businesses.

Solar Thermal Systems for Heating Purposespanels collect radiation that is then used to h

or air. Solar Thermal-Electric Plants for Power Gene

solar collectors direct the suns heat so that f

heated to a point where it can generate enouto run an electricity-producing turbine


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Installation of PV solar syste

Step 1 is to calculate the daily Watt hour usage of each Step 2 is to add up the Watt hour results for all of our ap

will give the total daily Watt hours required.

Step 3 is to find the total battery capacity required byday Watt hour figure by 2. This way, we will only dischar

to about 50% capacity for increasing performance and b

Step 4 is to determine the number of solar panels we nestep we will divide our total daily Watt hours by our solawattage times the hours of sunshine.


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House appliancesRest room:Light 2->15w;washing machine 1->750w

Bed room:Light 1->15w;faCharger 1->4w

Kitchen:Mixer1->750w;light 1->15w;grinder 1->1200w;E fan 1->40w

Pooja hall:Light 1->15w;

Hall:Light 2->15w;fridge 1->600w;fan 1->60w;TV 1->100w;system 1->150w;dvd player 1->18w;Iron box 1->1100w

Bed room:Light 1->15w;ACCharger 1->4w

Corrider:


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Step:1 Calculations

Power = Energy / Time In particular, for electrical power we use the "Watt"

after the scientist James Watt)

The wattage of a listed/approved appliance can usufound near the AC power cord.

Sometimes only the voltage (120) and amps (examare given.

From ohms law P=E*I

P =120*1.5=180W


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Power calculation

Watt hour of the appliance=Watts*operating ho 1 kilo-watt hour (1 unit)= the energy delivered by

watts of power over a one hour time period.

Example:

If you leave a 100 watt light on for two hour, thenenergy you used was:

Energy = Power x Time

= (100 W) x 2 hours =200Wh


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Audit

appliance numbers Wattage(W) Workinghours Watthours(W h)

Light 2 15 6 180

Fan 1 60 8 480

Fridge 1 600 4 2400 TV 1 100 8 800

Dvd 1 18 3 54

Iron box 1 1100 1/2 550

system 1 150 2 300


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Auditappliance numbers Wattage(W

)

Operating

hours

Watt

hours(W h)

light 2 15 6 180

charger 2 4 1 8

AC 1 1500 4 6000

fan 1 55 8 440

light 1 15 6 90

Motorpump

1 1200 1 1200

light 1 15 1 15


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Audit

appliance numbers Wattage(W) Operatinghours Watthours(W h)

Mixer 1 750 10/60 125

grinder 1 1200 1/2 600

light 1 15 6 90E fan 1 40 1 40

Washingmachine

1 750 1/2 375

light 2 15 1 30


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Results in Watt hours

type Watt hoursHall 4764

Bed room 6628

Kitchen 855

Pooja room 15

Corridor 1290

Rest room 405

total 13957

Total Watt hours used per day(round

off)

14000


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Watt hour to be generated

Daily Watt hour used/needed=13957Wh So we have to generate for Watt hour con

losses in the system

System losses is about 20%-30%

Watt hour to be generated/day =(13957*30)/100+13957

=18144.1Wh

Watt hour(round off) =18000Wh/day


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Battery Watt hour calculation

Stores energy for supplying to electricalappliances when there is a demand.

Battery life and efficiency mainly depend

amount of discharge. 50% of discharge gives a maximum life

Therefore 18000 watts Hr *2 =36000 wa

So we want 36000 watt hour storage ba


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Battery Amp hour calculation

Batteries normally mention in amphours(Ah) rating with voltage rating of 12 V DC

Battery Ampere hours required (for 12V

=Watt hour/voltage

=36000/12=3000Ah

We require 3000Ah battery bank


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No of Battery

Normally batteries are available in Ah r40, 60, 80, 100 and 200. For better ecoselect 100Ah battery.

For easier portability, separation for

maintenance work ,exchange in case odamage

Number of batteries required= 3000/

=30 batteri


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Inverter selection Inverter to convert 12 VDC to 120 VAC.

Peak load for a day =( refrigerator+ AC +mixer + fan+ lig

=600 +1500 +750 + 60 + 15*2 + 100

=3040W

For safety, the inverter should be considered 25-30% big

Inverter size=(3040*(30/100)+3040)= 3942VA =4000VA

Taking 2 nos,2000VA inverter then configure them in pacan double our power.

If two compatible inverters are stacked in serieswe can output voltage (stacking)


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Panel selection

consider that on a sunny day, at solar noon, theat the surface of the Earth delivers about 1000 wkilowatt) per square meter.

A typical photovoltaic solar cell can convert aboof this to electricity, that is, about 150 watts (thecells in the laboratory can go somewhat higher,

about 34%, or 340 watts). Now power would need to our home. Assuming 15

efficient solar cells (so that we can capture 150 watsquare meter when the sun is shining), the total powgiven by:

Power = (Area of solar panels) x 150 watts/m2


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Panel selection

Plugging this into the formula above for enand the hours of sunlight for the time, we

Energy generated per day = (Area of spanels) x 150 watts/m2 x (hours of sunl

solving for the Area, we find:

Area of panels required = (Energy to be

generated per day)/(150 watts/m2 x (hou

sunlight))


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Panel selection

Suppose we have 6 good hours of sunlight dday.

Then, using the formula above, the area panels to obtain the average household18 kilo-watt-hours per day would be

Area needed = 18,000 watt-hours / ( 150 wx6 hours )

= 20 square meters =250 square feet(roun

It can be seen that this figure is an area ofby 25 feet, much less than the roof area of

typical house.


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Solar panel details


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No of panels

Considering system is powered by 12Vdc , 80Wp P

Total Wp of PV panel capacity needed

=18000 / 6 = 3000Wp

Number of PV panels needed

= 3000/ 80 = 37.5 modules

Actual requirement =38modules


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Solar charge controller siz

Regulates the voltage and current coming from the PV panels battery and prevents battery overcharging and prolongs the

The solar charge controller is typically rated against Amperagecapacities.

PV module specification

Pm = 80 Wp

Vm = 17.2 VdcIm = 4.65 A

Voc = 20.7 A

Isc = 4.8 A

Solar charge controller rating = (38 module x 4.8A) x 1.3 = 237.12A

So the solar charge controller should be rated 240 A at 12 V or


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Typical connection


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General layout

Solar panel controller battery

AC LOAD CBC

MAIN


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Payback analysis

Average Capital cost Panel cost = 540000

Battery cost = 200000

Inverter cost = 20000

Charge controller cost = 30000 Cable cost = 5000

Total cost(round off) = 800000


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Payback analysis

Units used per day=14 units

Units used per 2month basis=840

Electricity bill detail by TNEB for domestic

Upto 50(1.10) = 55

51-100(1.30) = 65

101-200(2.60) = 260

201-600(3.50) = 1400

Above 600(5.75) = 1380

Total electricity cost/2m = 3160

Total electricity cost/year=18960


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Payback analysis

Considering maintenance cost as 20%of yelectricity bill

Maintenance cost = 3792

Net electricity bill/year =18960-3792=1516

Payback period =(Capital cost)/(net bill pe

=800000/15168

= 52years


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Payback periods

For domestic purposes payback period =52 years nearly

If it is commercial building then (5.50pe

cost) Payback period =36 years nearly


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Government subsidies The Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency (TEDA) is a Nodal

the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Governmenfor the promotion of Renewable Energy schemes in the State.

For grid interactive solar power generation a maximum amount oper Kwh would be provided as incentive for electricity generated fphotovoltaics and Rs.10.00 per Kwh for electricity generated throsolar thermal route and fed to the grid from a power plant of 1 MWand above.

The Government of India (MNRE) is providing soft loan @ 2% to users, 3% to institutional users not availing accelerated depreciat5% to industrial / commercial users availing depreciation throughand Public / Private sector banks etc. Capital subsidy equivalent interest subsidy @ RS.1100/- per sq.m


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conclusion

Due to very often and unpredictable increase in fuedemands definitely the electrical bill also be raised

Also by technology development in PV panels the ecost for PV generation will be reduced

At one time in future conventional power cost equa

conventional cost So produce our own power for our own needs by u

renewable energy and conserve fossil fuel for someyears

Leave clean environment for our future generation


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THANK YOU

rajkumar new ppt

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