Race Relations in AmericaBlacks and Whites

• Duration of Slavery: 246 years

• Jamestown Virginia 1619

• Civil War End: Thirteenth Amendment 1865

The Constitution of the United States of America

& Black Slavery

The Preamble of The Constitution of the

United States of America

• We the people of the united states, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this constitution for the united states of America.

BRITISH COLONIES: SLAVERY & ANGLO SAXON RULERULING WHITE ELITE

AMERICAN STATES: SLAVERY & ANGLO SAXON RULERULING WHITE ELITE

From British Colonies into American United States

Distribution of political power between the White Male

Elites.• Article ISection 2. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several states which may be included within this union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those taxed, three-fifths of all other persons.

American Slave Trade

Article I• Section 9. The migration or importation of such

persons as any of the states now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year 1808, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding 10 dollars for each person.

Criminalization of Black Freedom Seekers

Article IV• Section 2. No person held to service or labour

in one state, under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therin, be discharged from such service of labour, but shall be delivered upon claim of the party to whom such service or labour may be due.

(1787) Framers Belief: Political Rule by White male Property Owners

White men withpropertyWhite menwithout propertyBlack men

All women

Race and Class Stratification 1860

2. Middle Class Whites3. Poor Whites

4. Non-slave Blacks

1. Wealthy Whites

5. Black Slaves

RACE LINE

Class, Occupation, and EducationClass Occupation Education

1 Large Owners

Business owners, lawyers, politicians

HS or college

2 Small owners

Farmers, skilled workers, teachers

HS, apprentice

3 Little property

Unskilled laborers Elementary schooling

4 Few possessions

Lowest paid laborers illiterate

5 No possessions

Slave laborers forbidden

Constitutional Change toward Inclusion of Black People

Civil War Amendments• 13. 1865 Abolishment of

slavery• 14. 1868 Citizenship

rights and equal protection for Blacks

• 15. 1870 Protection of voting rights for Black men

Constitutional Change toward Inclusion of Women and YouthTwo Twentieth Century

Amendments

• 19. 1920 Voting rights for women

• 26. 1971 Voting rights for youth (18 years old)

Duration of Government Enforced Segregation

• Official Segregation

Period: 103 Years• Abolition of Slavery

1865• Housing and Urban

Development Act of 1968

Illusion of Equality: Subtle Discrimination

• Duration of Hidden Discrimination: 1968-2009 (41 Years)

• Residential Segregation: Racial Steering; Redlining

• Double Standards:Education & Job

evaluation