quiz #5 chemical rxns and safety
DESCRIPTION
Why is it important to avoid eating in a chemistry lab? What is the correct way to write the formula for Hydrogen? In the formula Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 What elements are present? How many of each element is present in the formula of Calcium phosphate (in question 3)? Balance the following: - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Quiz #5 Chemical Rxns and Safety
1. Why is it important to avoid eating in a chemistry lab?
2. What is the correct way to write the formula for Hydrogen?
3. In the formula Ca3 (PO4)2 What elements are present?
4. How many of each element is present in the formula of Calcium phosphate (in question 3)?
5. Balance the following:__N2 + __H2 __NH3
6. What does C2H6 (g) symbolize if this is the symbol for ethane?
7. Predict the following reaction:__Al + __Cl2 ______
1. Poisonous chemicals could be left on the desk from previous experiments, eating in lab makes it likely that you will poison yourself.
2. H2
3. Calcium, phosphorous, oxygen
4. 3 Ca, 2 P, 8 O
5. N2 + 3 H2 2 NH3
6. Gaseous ethane7. 2 Al+ 3 Cl2 2 AlCl3
Practice Synthesis Rxns• Active metal oxides react with water to form
hydroxides. ex:• K2O + H2O ________• Many oxides of nonmetals react with water to
form oxyacids. ex:• P2O5 + 3 H2O _________
• Some metal oxides react with nonmetal oxides to form salts.
• CaO + SO3 ________• Active metals react with halogens to form salts.• __Cs + Br2-
2KOH
2 H3PO4
CaSO4
2 CsBr2
Practice Decomposition reactions
• __CsOH
• __Al(OH)3
• __Na2CO3
• __CsClO3
• __Mg(ClO3)2
• __Ba(OH)2
• 2 CsOH Cs2O + H2O
• 2 Al(OH)3 Al2O3 + 3H2O
• Na2CO3 Na2O + CO2
• 2 CsClO3 -> 2CsCl + 3 O2
• Mg(ClO3)2 MgCl2 + 3 O2
• Ba(OH)2 BaO + H2O
Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX BY + X• Replacement of a metal in a compound by another
metal.
2 Al (s) + 3Pb(NO3)2 3Pb +2 Al(NO3)3
Al
Al
Pb2+
N
O
OO
N
O
O
O
NO
O
O
NO
O
O
N
O
O
O
NO
O O
Pb2+
Pb2+
Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX BY + X• Replacement of a metal in a
compound by another metal.2 Al (s) + 3Pb(NO3)2 3Pb +2 Al(NO3)3
Al3+Al3+
Pb
N O
O
OPb
N O
O
O
Pb
NO
O O
NO
O
O
NO
OO
NO
O O
Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX BY + X• Replacement of a hydrogen in a
compound by a metal.2 Na (s) + 2 H2O (l) 2 NaOH (aq) + H2 (g)
Na
NaO
H
H
O
H
H
Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX BY + X• Replacement of a hydrogen in a
compound by a metal.Mg (s) + 2 HCl (aq) MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)
Mg
Cl
H
Cl
H
Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX BY + X• Replacement of halogens
Cl2 (g) + 2 KBr (aq) 2 KCl (aq) + Br2 (g)
ClK
Br
Br
K
Cl
http://ncsdweb.ncsd.k12.wy.us/roden/Chemistry/Forms%20PDF/Activity%20Series%20Chart.pdf
Practice: Single Replacement
• Mg + 2 HCl • 2 Fe + 6 HCl • Zn + CuCl2
• Cu + ZnCl2
• Ni + PbCl2
• Sn + PbCl2 • Fe + 3 AgNO3
H2 + MgCl2
3 H2 + 2 FeCl3Cu + ZnCl2
No reactionPb + NiCl2
SnCl2 + Pb
Fe(NO3)3 + 3Ag
• Lithium Fluorine• Potassium Chlorine• Barium Bromine• Strontium Iodine• Calcium• Sodium• Magnesium• Aluminum• Manganese• Zinc• Iron• Cadmium• Cobalt• Nickel• Tin• Lead• Hydrogen• Copper• Silver• Mercury• Gold• Elements CANNOT replace
anything Above them. The reaction does NOT occur in this situation
Less a
ctive
Double Replacement Reactions (double displacement)• Formation of a precipitate.• 2 KI (aq) + Pb(NO3)2 (aq) PbI2 (s) + 2 KNO3 (aq)
K
K
I
Pb2+
N
O
OO
NO
OO
I
Double Replacement Reactions (double displacement)• Formation of a gas.• FeS (s) + 2 HCl(aq) H2S (g) + FeCl2 (aq)
Fe2+S
Cl
H
Cl
H
Double Replacement Reactions (double displacement)• Formation of a water.• NaOH (s) + HCl(aq) H2O (l) + NaCl2 (aq)
Na+
Cl
H
OH
Combustion Reactions
• A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat.
2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 H2O
O
H
H
O
H
H
Combustion Reactions• A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a
large amount of energy in the form of light and heat.
C3H8 (g) +5 O2 (g) 4 H2O + 3 CO2
CC C
H
H
HH
H
HH
HO
OO
O
O
O
OO
O
O
Combustion Reactions• A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a
large amount of energy in the form of light and heat.
C3H8 (g) +5 O2 (g) 4 H2O + 3 CO2
C
C
C
HH
H
H
HH
H
H O
OO
O
O
O
OO
O
O