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Chenoweth's School ProjectTRANSCRIPT
THYROID CANCERBy: Chenoweth Lim
Supporting the fighters, admiring the survivors, honoring the taken, and never ever giving up hope
What your thyroid is…
• Your thyroid is a gland
located in your neck just
below your adams apple
and right above your
shoulder bones. The
thyroid is shaped like a
butterfly, that is why
there is a butterfly on the
thyroid cancer ribbon.
How many types of thyroid cancer are there?
• There are 4 types of thyroid cancer.
1. Papillary
2. Follicular
3. Medullary
4. Anaplastic
Papillary Cancer
• Papillary cancer is the most common
type of thyroid cancer. 75% to 85%
cases of thyroid cancer are papillary.
It is most common in women
between the ages of 30-50. It also
has the best survival rate.
Medullary Cancer
• Medullary cancer originates from the
parafollicular cells. Medullary tumors are
the 3rd most common of all thyroid cancers.
It makes up 3% of all thyroid cancer cases.
Medullary carcinoma has a much lower
cure rate than papillary and follicular, but
cure rates are higher than anaplastic.
Follicular Cancer
• Women are three times more likely than
men to get follicular cancer. It usually
occurs between the ages of 40-60.
Follicular cancer begins in the follicular
cells and grows slowly. It can be treated
successfully if diagnosed at an early
stage.
Anaplastic Cancer
• Anaplastic cancer is most common in
older people 65 and older. It is the
most rare and aggressive type of
thyroid cancer. Survival rates are
very low and usually death occurs
within a year of diagnosis.
What is the most common type of thyroid cancer?
• Papillary and follicular, or a mixture
of both are the most common. They
usually are slow growing and have a
high survival rate. Papillary is now
one of the top 10 most common
cancers in the U.S.
What is the most aggressive type of thyroid cancer?
• Anaplastic is the most aggressive, it
is also the most rare. It is found
mostly in those who are 65 or older.
Sadly in most cases death occurs in
less than a year.
Symptoms…
1. A lump in the front or side of your
neck
2. Hoarseness or change in your voice
3. Difficulty swallowing or breathing
4. Swollen lymph nodes in the neck
5. Pain in the throat or neck
What are your lymph nodes?• Lymph nodes are bean-shaped
glands that are located all
over your body. Thyroid
cancer can sometimes spread
to the lymph nodes in your
neck. The purpose of your
lymph nodes is to filter
bacteria, cancer cells, and
other foreign cells that travel
through the lymphatic system.
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
Where your lymph nodes a
re…
Causes…
• The exact cause of thyroid cancer is not
know yet. Though certain change in your
DNA can cause cells to be cancerous.
Radiation also increases the risk of getting
thyroid cancer. Exposure may come from,
radiation to the neck and radiation
exposure from nuclear power plant.
Treatment options…• Surgery is always the best way to go. It gives you a better chance of
complete cure if the tumor is removed before if spreads anywhere
else. Even if it has spread to your lymph nodes, you can get them
removed. Another treatment option is radioiodine therapy. It uses
radioactive iodine to destroy all disease left over in cells. You can also
do chemotherapy.
Best place for treatment…
• MD Anderson is the best place you can go for treatment.
It is located in Houston Texas. They have an Endocrine
center that provides specialized diagnosis and treatment
for a diverse group of disorders. Thyroid cancer is one of
the diverse disorders. MD Anderson also specializes in
other cancers and have centers for them. There are
other locations outside of Texas. Such as, Albuquerque
New Mexico, Orlando Florida, Phoenix Arizona, and
international ones in Turkey and Madrid Spain.
MD ANDERSON BUILDING
Located in Houston Texas
What involves surgery of the thyroid involve…
• Lobectomy: A Lobectomy is where only
one lobe of the thyroid is removed. This
is usually done when there is cancer in
only one part of your thyroid.
Replacement thyroid medication may be
required after surgery.
• Total Thyroidectomy: A total
thyroidectomy is where both lobes of the
thyroid gland are removed. Because the
entire thyroid is removed, the patient
must take replacement thyroid
medication for the rest of their lives.
• Lymph node dissection: A lymph
node dissection involves the
cancerous lymph nodes in the
center or sides of your neck to be
removed.
• Parathyroid gland autographing:
There are 4 to 5 pea-sized glands
that are located on each corner of
the thyroid. Your parathyroid
keeps the calcium in your blood at
a normal level. So occasionally a
parathyroid may be inside of your
thyroid, and is removed during
surgery
Complications of surgery…
1. Infection or bleeding
2. Hoarseness in voice due to the nerves behind
your thyroid gland becoming injured. Hoarseness
may get better over time, but sometimes its
permanent
3. Difficulty swallowing
4. Injury to the parathyroid glands
CELEBRITIES THAT HAVE HAD THYROID CANCER
Sofia Vergara
KATEE SACKOFF
BROOKE BURKE
Life without a thyroid…
• Yes, it is possible to live without a thyroid.
People who have had their
entire thyroid
removed can live long and normal lives. Its
only necessary to take one thyroid hormone
pill a day and have occasional blood tests
to check the thyroid hormone level.