psychology counseling theories within the healthcare industry
TRANSCRIPT
Kimber ly Swanson
EPY816 - Advanced Seminar in Teach ing Psychology
Ke iser Univers i ty PhD Program
Dr. Shoshana Dayanim
May 22, 2016
PSYCHOLOGY &
COUNSELING THEORIES
WITHIN THE
HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY
Psychology in Healthcare
Biopsychosocial Model
Sub-specializations Within Psychology
Meaning of Counseling Psychology
How is Counseling Applied to Healthcare
“Client” or “Patient”
Evolution of Counseling Theories
Classical - Counseling Theories
Modern – Counseling Theories
COURSE OUTLINE
Biomedical + Psychological Research =
Biopsychosocial Approaches
Re fe r en ce
L avo ie , S . ( 2 016) . W h a t i s a M en t a l D i so r d e r ? - De f in i t io n & Tr ea t m en t ( L ec t u r e N o tes ) .
Ret r ieved f ro m h t t p : / / s t u dy. co m /a ca demy / lesso n /w ha t - i s -a - m en t a l -d iso r d er - de f in i t i o n - t r ea tm en t -
q u i z . h t m l# lesso n
PSYCHOLOGY IN HEALTHCARE
R e f e r e n c e
T h e P a t i e n t P a t i e n t . ( 2 0 1 3 ) . T h e b i o p s y c h o s o c i a l o f d i s e a s e . R e t r i e v e d f r o m
h t t p : / / t h e p a t i e n t p a t i e n t 2 0 1 1 . b l o g s p o t . c o m / 2 0 1 3 / 0 4 / t h e - b i o p s y c h o s o c i a l - m o d e l - o f - d i s e a s e . h t m l
INCORPORATING BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL
MODEL
Within health, psychologist have a multiple levels of sub-specializations within the field of psychology (Wahass, 2005).
These Clinical fields of Psychology (sub-specializations) are (Wahass, 2005):
Clinical Psychology
Health Psychology/ Medical Psychology
Clinical Neuropsychology
Counseling Psychology
Rehabilitation Psychology
Pediatric Psychology
Community Psychology
Reference
Wahass, S.H. (2005). The role of psychologists in health care delivery. Journal of Family &
Community Medicine,12 (2): 63–70.
SUB-SPECIALIZATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGY .
For this course we are going to focus on counseling
psychology
What is counseling psychology?
How is counseling applied in healthcare?
COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY
Counseling Psychologist’s area of specialty is in counseling.
Most counseling psychologist works assist individuals and/or
groups in improving their overall health by removing stress,
resolving their issues, and by increasing their capability of
solving problems (Wahass, 2005). These practitioners work in
a wide spectrum of setting ranging from hospitals to
community health (Wahass, 2005).
DEFINITION OF COUNSELING
PSYCHOLOGY
Many counselors within the healthcare industry utilize eclectic
approaches to providing therapeutic treatments to their
clients (Rosenthal, 2008) . Often times these techniques are
based according to the needs and desires of the client, client
centered.
Reference
Rosenthal , H . (2008) . Encyc lopedia of Counsel ing (3rd Ed. ) . Rout ledge Tay lor &
Franc is Group, New York , NY.
COUNSELING APPLIED IN HEALTHCARE
Often times the term “client” is used instead of patient in the
field of counseling (Rosenthal, 2008). Client is used instead
of patient because often times the word “patient” implies
i l lness (Rosenthal, 2008).
“CLIENT” OR “PATIENT”
Counseling in healthcare instead implies wellness and takes a
holistic approach to staying healthy (Rosenthal, 2008). The
following shows how counseling has evolved and changed and
how it is now applied within healthcare.
EVOLUTION OF COUNSELING THEORIES
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING (ATTACHMENT
THEORY)
Re fe r en ce
M c L eo d , S . A . ( 2 0 09) . At t a c h m e n t T h e or y . Ret r ieved f ro m
w w w. s im plyp syc ho lo gy. o rg /a t t ac h m en t .h t m l
Person-Centered is a humanistic type therapy that was
developed by Carl Rogers during the 1950’s (McLeod, 2008)
Theory states that people are generally good;
Suggests that individuals want to reach certain goals:
Want to improve themselves (have growth/prosperity) (Rosenthal,
2008)
To reach “self- actualization” (Rosenthal, 2008)
References
McLeod, S . (2008) . Person Centered Therapy . Ret r ieved f rom
http ://www.simplypsychology.org/cl ient -centred- therapy.html
Rosenthal , H . (2008) . Encyc lopedia of Counsel ing (3rd Ed. ) . Rout ledge Tay lor &
Franc is Group, New York , NY.
PERSON-CENTERED
Gestalt Therapy was developed by a German psychoanalyst,
Fritz Perls
It Focuses on the “here and now” (Rosenthal, 2008)
Focuses on whole person , is considered holistic within
psychology (Rosenthal, 2008)
GESTALT THERAPIES
Robert Ellis is the founder of Rational Emotive Behavior
Therapy (REBT).
Suggests that people do not have to be limited to their short
comings of their cultural and biological background
(Rosenthal, 2008).
People can be taught to use their capabilities to change
their way of thinking (Rosental, 2008).
RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY
(REBT)
COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL CHART
R e f e r e n c e
W e s t b r o o k , D . , K e n n e r l e y , H . & K i r k , J . ( 2 0 0 7 ) . A n i n t r o d u c t i o n t o c o g n i t i v e b e h a v i o r t h e r a p y : s k i l l s &
a p p l i c a t i o n s . S a g e , N e w Y o r k , N Y .
During the mid 1960’s, William Glasser (American
Psychiatrist) created reality therapy
People try to accomplish mental needs (Rosenthal, 2008)
There is a need of self worth and to be accepted by others
(Rosenthal, 2008).
The brain is the controller and it tries to meet essential goals
(Rosenthal, 2008).
REALITY THERAPY
Purpose of integrating counseling theories
To understand human interaction and functionality;
How human functionality can affected;
Physically, mentally, emotionally, socially, culturally, through politics, and
through spirituality
Balancing the integration of mind, body, and spirit to achieving
optimal overall health
Integrated counseling techniques (according to the clients needs) =
Improved overall health
INTEGRATING COUNSELING THEORIES
“Psychology and counseling is what put all of the pieces
together within healthcare. It is like putting all of the
broken pieces within a puzzle and mending them together in
order to make a person become whole and more complete.
Not just physically but also mentally and spiritually” –
Kimberly Swanson (MS-PSY., Psychotherapist, CNA)
PSYCHOLOGY & COUNSELING
CONCLUSION