Psychological Therapieshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cjVQ36NhbMk&ob=av2e

http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/individual-therapy.html

Philippe Pinel

• French doctor who was the first to take the chains off and declare that these people are sick and “a cure must be found!!!”

• Dorethea Dix- American reformer!

Psychotherapy http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/individual-therapy.html

• An interaction between a trained therapist and someone suffering from psychological difficulties.

Psychoanalytic Therapywho?

• Psychoanalysis (childhood experiences…. hypnosis , free association, dream interpretation).http://www.youtube

.com/watch?v=lig53eW2ptg

• Unconscious• Transference• Catharsis• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lx0z9FjxP-Y

Transference• In psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer to the

analyst of emotions linked with other relationships.• Example:• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZq_U2hbnvs

How effect is Psychotherapy?

• Eysenck’s challenge in 1950’s

• Meta-analysis’ ( statistically combining the results of many different studies) advent

Humanistic Therapy• Client-Centered

Therapy by Carl Rogers• These are non-directive

therapies and use active listening.

• Self-actualization, free-will and unconditional positive regard.

• Gestalt Therapy by Fritz Perls encourage clients to get in touch with whole self.

Client (Person) Centered Therapy

• Developed by Carl Rogers

Most widely used Humanistic technique is:

•Therapist should use genuineness, acceptance and empathy to show unconditional positive regard towards their clients.

Active Listening• Central to Roger’s client-centered therapy

•Empathetic listening where the listener echoes, restates and clarifies.

Behavioral Therapies

Counterconditioning• Classical

Conditioning1.Aversive Conditioning2.Systematic

desensitization3.FloodingOperant Conditioning• Token Economy

Behavior Therapies• Therapy that applies learning principles

to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.

•The behaviors are the problems- so we must change the behaviors.

Classical Conditioning Techniques

Counterconditioning: • A behavioral therapy that

conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors.

Two Types:

Systematic Desensitizationexample

• A type of counterconditioning that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli.

How would I use systematic desensitization to reduce my fear of old dentists?

ANXIETY HIERARCHY USED IN SYSTEMATC DESENSITIZATION

Behavior Therapy Systematic Desensitization

FloodingFlooding

Virtual Technology Exposure Therapyhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lRj6omhHzXY&feature=related

Aversive Conditioning

Aversive Conditioning

What are some ways you can change the behaviors of your friends with aversive conditioning who bite their fingernails?

Aversive Conditioning• A type of counterconditioning that

associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior.

How would putting poop on the fingernails of a nail biter effect their behavior?

Operant ConditioningToken Economy: an operant

conditioning procedure that rewards a desired behavior.

A patient exchanges a token of some sort, earned for exhibiting the desired behavior, for various privileges or treats.

Cognitive Therapy

• Change the way we think(change our schemas)

• Aaron Beck• Albert Ellis and

Rational Emotive Therapy

Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive Therapy

• Cognitive Therapists try to teach people new, more constructive ways of thinking. Is .300 a good or

bad batting average?

Cognitive Therapies

Cognitive Therapies

Cognitive Therapies

Cognitive Therapies

Cognitive Therapies

Cognitive Therapies

Aaron Beck and his view of Depression

• Noticed that depressed people were similar in the way they viewed the world.

• Used cognitive therapy get people to take off the “dark sunglasses” in which they view their surroundings

Cognitive Therapy- Does It Work?

Group Therapy

Eclectic Approach• The most popular form of therapy- it

is basically a smorgasbord where the therapist combines techniques from different schools of psychology.

Comparison of Psychotherapieshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4uA0DHzoPpY

Comparison of Psychotherapies

Comparison of Psychotherapies

Comparison of Psychotherapies

Comparison of Psychotherapies

Comparison of Psychotherapies

Somatic Therapieshttp://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/psychiatric-drugs.html

(psychiatrist or clinical psychologist?)

Psychopharmacology• Antipsychotics

(thorazine, haldol)• Anti-anxiety (valium,

barbiturates, Xanax)• Mood Disorders

(serotonin reuptake inhibitors-SRI)

• Bipolar (lithium)

Psychopharmacology

• The study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior.

Antianxiety Drugs

• Includes drugs like Valium,Xanax Librium.

•Like alcohol, they depress nervous system activity.

•Most widely abused drugs.

Do they really solve the problem?

chemical that provides an effective drug therapy for the mood swings of bipolar (manic-depressive) disorders

Lithium

Antidepressant Drugs

• Lift you up out of depression.

Most increase the neurotransmitter norepinephrine and serotonin.

Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft• Work by blocking serotonin reuptake. http://youtu.be/twhvtzd6gXA

• http://youtu.be/twhvtzd6gXA

Somatic Therapy http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/biological-therapy.html

• Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)- for depression.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1JG9eQsjaZY&feature=related

• Psychosurgury lobotomy

SADDlight therapy

Drugs and HospitalizationDeinstitutionalization

Treatment Effectiveness

• http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/treatment-effectiveness.html

Types of Therapists

Types of Therapists

Types of Therapists

Types of Therapists

Types of Therapists