proving trials using hybrid fuel cell test train “hybari”
TRANSCRIPT
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©2021 East Japan Railway Company. All Rights Reserved.
Proving Trials Using Hybrid(fuel cell)Test Train “HYBARI”
SHOICHI OOIZUMIDirector, Technology Innovation HeadquartersDirector General, R&D Center of JR East Group
EAST JAPAN RAILWAY COMPANY
May 19 (Wed), 2021Japan-Norway Webinar Series 2021Sustainable Hydrogen Value Chains
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©2021 East Japan Railway Company. All Rights Reserved.
Contents
1 About JR East
2 History of fuel cell train development
3 Development and Demonstration test of fuel cell train
4 For the future
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©2021 East Japan Railway Company. All Rights Reserved.
■ Network length(Shinkansen)(Conventional lines)
7,401.7km(1,194.2km)(6,207.5km)
■ # of rolling stock(EMU for conventional lines)(DMU)
12,966(10,608)(517)
■ Non-electrified
■ DMU/conventional EMU 4.7%
Data as of Mar. 2019
1,975.4km
■ Non-electrified/Total conventional lines 31.5%
■ CO2 emission (FY 2018)Conventional EMUDMU
990k-t70k-t (7%)
Environmental load of rolling stock in JR East
Niigata
Tokyo
Akita
Sendai
Shinkansen
Conventional
SG track lines for through
operation
Shin-Aomori
Shinjo
Joetsumyoko
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©2021 East Japan Railway Company. All Rights Reserved.
In-house power generation
Renewable energy
Distribution of energy supply and demand in JR East
Purchased power
Energy to drive the train
Power transmission
3.96billion kWh
1.01billion kWh
0.88
billion kWh
(56%)
2.56 billion kWh(44%)
Energy consumption of JR East group=5.86 billion kWh
68%
Regenerative energy absorption
Energy storage
Energy supply
Energy consumed at stations
Stores in JRE group companies / stations
etc
From JR East Sustainability Report 2020
・Thermal power plant
1.92 billion kWh・Hydroelectric power plant
1.37 billion kWh
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©2021 East Japan Railway Company. All Rights Reserved. 5
Transition of railway power → Next energy
Steam LocomotiveEfficiency about 10%
Electrified
Diesel hybrid(HB-E300series)
Efficiency about 50%ACCUM
Efficiency about 50~60%
Diesel train(110series)
Efficiency about 40%
Non-electrified
Electric train(E231,E235series)
Efficiency about 60~75%
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©2021 East Japan Railway Company. All Rights Reserved.
Contents
1 About JR East
2 History of fuel cell train development
3 Development and Demonstration test of fuel cell train
4 For the future
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©2021 East Japan Railway Company. All Rights Reserved.
“ 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Diesel hybrid
Fuel cell hybrid
Catenary and battery hybrid
★2007.7 ★2010.12
★2014.3 ★2017.3
Development and test run
Problems of fuel cell train・High cost and low stability of FC and subsystems・Lack of hydrogen storage volume・Short life of FC device・Application to laws and technical standards
History of hybrid train development in JR East since “NE Train”
KIHA-E200 HB-E300
Smart Dench-kun EV-E301
EV-E801
Commercial trains “ACCUM”
Development and test run
Development and test run
Commercial trainsNE Train
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©2021 East Japan Railway Company. All Rights Reserved.
Laws of METI jurisdiction
Legal issues in applying high pressure H2 gas for train
法律
省令(規則)
告示
通達
Application to road vehicles
- High Pressure Gas Safety Act and related regulation, ministerial ordinance, etc.->Technical standards for FCV fuel storage has already included
Laws of MLIT Jurisdiction
- Road transport vehicle act and related regulation, ministerial ordinance, etc.->Rules about FCV has already been defined
Application to trains
- Railway business act and related regulation, ministerial ordinance, interpretation criteria, etc.
->No special rules to utilize high pressure H2 gas for trains
・ High Pressure Gas Safety Act and related regulations, ministerial ordinance, etc.-> No special rules to apply for trains as energy source*
- Rules are necessary to apply high pressure H2 gas for trains
- Requires the verification of data of FC train by demonstration test
* There are rules applying only for freight rolling stock conveying high pressure H2 gas
Laws of METI jurisdiction
Laws of MLIT Jurisdiction
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©2021 East Japan Railway Company. All Rights Reserved.
(Regulation for safety about General High Pressure Gas) <Consumption>
To prohibit high-pressure hydrogen gas usage within 5m at the place of fire
(Regulation for safety about General High Pressure Gas) <Specific High Pressure Gas Consumption>
To prohibit setting-up of high pressure hydrogen gas equipment at places near Protected Properties.
Protected Property(Station with over 20k
passengers.)
Safety distance
・When using high-pressure hydrogen, it must be kept conformity of the High Pressure Gas Safety Act ・ Automotive industry spent a decade to deregulate the law by technical verification
Safety distance
Legal and technical standards for fuel cell train
Train
Fire source(Catenary)
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©2021 East Japan Railway Company. All Rights Reserved.
Technical problems of fuel cell hybrid train
①Evaluation of compressed hydrogen
tank for railcars
③The development of FC control technology
・Optimization of the fuel supply to cells
・Optimum energy control method in fuel
consumption and fuel cell life (applied
existing diesel hybrid train technology)・System configuration of cooling system
④The development of hydrogen filling control
・Control technology in short time filling
DC/DCConverter
Hydrogentank
Fuel cell
Oxygen
Power generation
VVVFInverter
Wheel
Auxiliary power supplyCooling
Battery
Reference:TOYOTA Motor Corporation HP
Vs. automobile
(Correspondence to
the railcar)
・Large capacity
hydrogen storage
・ Filling in a short
period
②Large capacity hydrogen storage for
train
Legal obstacles: Technical evaluation is necessary to get special
approval from the government
Issues after demonstration tests
( ground facilities ・cost etc)Future works
Evaluation and special approval for the use
of 70MPa hydrogen tank for automobile
Tractionmotor
Tractionmotor
Wheel
Reference:TOYOTA Motor Corporation HP
・Designing system suitable for train
・Verification by demonstration tests
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Simulation of hydrogen release高
低 ・The ignition limit for hydrogen is a concentration of 4%.If there is "fire (overhead wire)" at a concentration of 4%, there is a risk of ignition.
When hydrogen is released from the hydrogen tank at the time of abnormality, the discharge position is examined by simulation so that the concentration does not reach 4% in the overhead wire area.
Area with
overhead wire
Location of
hydrogen
release in an
emergency
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Demonstration test of parts for fuel cell train
Body mount
Type of tank fixing Roof top piping unit
FEM analysisVibration test on roof top
piping unit
●Conducted a vibration test (JIS E4031*) on the prototype unit (the use of automobile tanks)
*Railway applications – Rolling stock equipment – Shock and vibration tests
● Simulation of passenger‘s influence
when hydrogen is released from fuel
container in emergency situationHydrogen
concentration
High
Low
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©2021 East Japan Railway Company. All Rights Reserved.
Contents
1 About JR East
2 History of fuel cell train development
3 Development and Demonstration test of fuel cell train
4 For the future
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©2021 East Japan Railway Company. All Rights Reserved. 13
Hydrogen tank unit
Fuel cell device
Power converter(VVVF+CH)
Main circuit batteries
About fuel cell test vehicle FV-E991SERIES“HYBARI”
Hydrogen tank unit
Fuel cell device
(TOYOTA)
H2
O2
Power
converter
Main circuit batteries
Motor
MotorWheel
Wheel
Auxiliary
power
supplyPower generation
◆Type of tank:Carbon fiber composite tanks
◆Installation location:rooftop
◆Maximum pressure:70MPa
◆Storage volume :1000liters(600Nm3)
◆FC Output :60kW×4
Hybrid drive system (HITACHI)
-Railroad vehicle designand manufacturing technology
-Hybrid drive system technology
-Hybrid drive system
technology
-Fuel Cell
device
DC / DC
converter
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©2021 East Japan Railway Company. All Rights Reserved.
Tsurumi
Nakahara train depot- Monthly inspection, daily inspection, repair- Fueling at 35MPa-Installation of firefighting equipment to meet the law・Fire Service Act・High Pressure Gas Safety Act
Musashi-Nakahara
Shitte
Hamakawasaki
Ogimachi
Yokohama city
Kawasaki city
Tsurumi line operation depot- Daily inspection, train storage- Fueling at 35MPa
Ogimachi station.(mobile fueling station)- Fueling at 70MPa- Agreed to collaborate
with JR Freight and Showa Denko45MPa cylinders
70MPa H2 mobile fueling station
Demonstration test plan
Tsurumi line
Nambuline
Executed on Tsurumi line and a part of Nanbuline in Kanagawa pref.
45MPa cylinders
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©2021 East Japan Railway Company. All Rights Reserved.
Contents
1 About JR East
2 History of fuel cell train development
3 Development and Demonstration test of fuel cell train
4 For the future
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©2021 East Japan Railway Company. All Rights Reserved.
1 Performance whlie fueling- Temperature control of large volume H2 storage
2 Cooperation of H2 production and supply - Proper capacity for H2 fueling station for FCV on railway
3 Introduction of regulation for fueling facility for railways- Regulation dedicated for railway operation has not existed yet- Fueling station out of operation during periodical maintenance
Challenges on Railway Facilities
Demonstration test will be done only with mobile-fueling automobiles . (No on-site hydrogen station)
Through the test using actual FC train, technical conditions and constraints will be studied for future design of railway facilities and regulations.
Items to be considered during the demonstration test
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Summary and Schedule
Summary
Schedule for demonstration tests
・By using hydrogen as a fuel, we expect realization of energy diversity to
secure energy acquisition toward the future, and the reduction of CO2
emissions.
・ Series FV-E991, hybrid (fuel cell) test train, will be introduced:
with 2cars(1M1T)
・Demonstration tests of Series FV-E991 on commercial lines will begin from
FY2021.
・The verification of safety, environmental performance and vehicle
・We will collect data for future practical use, such as:-the optimization of the fuel cell technology
-the investigation of the technical development items related to railway facilities.
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Decarbonization at Kawasaki Thermal Power
Station
Development of renewable energy
power sources
Developed aiming for a total output
of 1 million kW or more
CO2-free hydrogen power generation
and supply
• Challenge to “substantially zero” CO2 emissions in 2050(FY2051) for the entire JR East Group
• Aiming for further improvement of environmental superiority and realization of a sustainable society
with technology related decarbonization.
Solar / wind power generation /
Solar heat, geothermal heat, sewage
heat, Biogas system
Cogeneration system
District heating and cooling / fuel cell
Realization of energy
management that integrates
supply and demand
Utilization of hydrogen
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Zero Carbon Challenge 2050
Installation of environmental and
energy technologies in the
Shinagawa development project
FY2050
Net zero
FY2019
Fuel cell
railroad
vehicle
Energy
saving
vehicle
Hydropower
Carbon
neutral LNG
power
generation
Hydrogen
power
generationFuel cell
vehicle
Fuel cell
bus
Stationary
fuel cell
Storage
battery
railroad
vehicle
Solar
powerWind-power
generation
Hydrogen
station
Electric
vehicle
Fuel cell
vehicle
CO2-free
hydrogen
2.45 million tons
Onshore wind
power
Offshore wind
power
Solar power
Carbon
dioxide
emissions
Fuel Cell Vehicles
Fuel Cell Buses Hydrogen Station