Proteins

The Building Blocks of Life

Protein in your Body

• Muscle• Skin• Hair• Fingernails• Enzymes

Amino Acid Structure

20 Different Amino Acids

• Variations depending on R-Group or side chain

Peptide Bonds

• Formed by dehydration synthesis

Protein Folding

• Primary Structure – Amino Acid Sequence

Protein Folding

• Secondary Structure – amino acids fold into sheets and helix shapes

Protein Folding

• Tertiary Shape – Protein compacts and twists on itself

Protein Folding

• Quarternary Structure – Several proteins combine together

• Final useful protein

Enzymes

• Organic catalysts that change the rate of reactions

• Act upon substrate• Specific to the reaction• “Climate” of maximum

effiency• Active site is a portion of the

whole enzyme

Denatured

• Protein structure can be changed by– Heat– pH

• Wont work anymore

Lock and Key model

• Enzymes either join molecules together or break them apart

• Specific to reaction