Prosopis palmeri/nigra (2n=28)

Prosopis articulata/pallida (2n=28)Microlobius foetidus

(2n=26)Mimosa guatemalensis/ aculeaticarpa (?)Neptunia clade

(2n=28)Mimozyganthus carinatus

(2n=28)Prosopidastrum angusticarpum (2n=28)Piptadeniopsis lomentifera (2n=28)

Leucaena diploids (2n=52 or 56)

Schleinitzia spp. (2n=52/54)

Desmanthus and Kanaloa Clade (2n=28)

Dichrostachys(?)/Gagnebina (2n=26/28)

/Calliandropsis(?)/Alantsilodendron (?) Clade

Prosopis nigra/P. pallida 2n=28 - (Trenchard et al., 2008)Microlobius foetidus 2n=26 - (Molero et al., 2006)Mimosa – majority of species 2n=26 with c. 20% of species derived polyploids (Dahmer et al., 2011)Neptunia counts 2n=28 (Windler, 1966) two polyploid aberrant counts questioned by TurnerMimozyganthus 28 (Luckow et al., 2005)Prosopidastrum “probably” 2n=28 (Luckow et al., 2005)Piptadeniopsis 2n=28 (Luckow et al., 2005)Leucaena 2n=52/56 – various Schleinitzia species 2n=52/54 (Breteler, 1960; Nevling & Niezgoda, 1978))Desmanthus - 5/24 species have been counted 2n=28 (Hughes et al., 2003) based on data from Turner and Beaman (1953) and Smith (1963).Kanaloa 2n=28 (Lorence and Wood, 1994)In the Dichrostachys Clade, reliable info for Gagnebina pterocarpa 2n=28 (Goldblatt, 1981b) BRETTELER, F.J. 1960. Prosopis insularum (Guill.) Bret., a new combination in Prosopis. Acta Botanica Neerlandica 9: 397-403.DAHMER, N., M.F. SIMON, M.T. SCHIFINO-WITTMANN, C.E. HUGHES, S.T.S. MIOTTO AND J.S. GUILIANI. 2011. Chromosome numbers in the genus Mimosa L.: cytotaxonomic and evolutionary implications. Plant Systematics & Evolution 291: 211-220.GOLDBLATT, P. 1981a. Cytology and the phylogeny of Leguminosae. In R. M. Polhill and P. H. Raven [eds.], Advances in Legume Systematics Part II, 427-464. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Kew.______. 1981b. Chromosome numbers in legumes II. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 68: 551-557.HUGHES, C. E., C. D. BAILEY, S. KROSNICK, AND M. LUCKOW. 2003. Relationships among genera of the informal Dichrostachys and Leucaena groups (Mimosoideae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences. In B. Klitgaard and A. Bruneau [eds.], Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 10, Higher Level Systematics. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.LORENCE, D. H., AND K. R. WOOD. 1994. Kanaloa, a new genus of Fabaceae (Mimosoideae) from Hawaii. Novon 4: 137-145.LUCKOW, M., R. H. FORTUNATO, S. SEDE, AND T. LIVSHULTZ. 2005. The phylogenetic affinities of two mysterious monotypic mimosoids from southern South America. Systematic Botany 30: 585–602.MOLERO, J., J. R. DAVINA, A. I. HONFI, D. FRANCO, AND A. ROVIRA. 2006. Chromosome studies on plants from Paraguay II. Candollea 61: 373-392.NEVLING, L.I. AND NIEZGODA, C.J. 1978. On the genus Schleinitzia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). Adansonia ser 2. 18: 345-363.TRENCHARD, L. J., J. C. HARRIS, S. SMITH, AND N. M. PASIECZNIK. 2008. A review of ploidy in the genus Prosopis (Leguminosae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 156: 425–438.WINDLER, D. R. 1966. A revision of the genus Neptunia (Leguminosae). Australian Systematic Botany 14: 379-420.

Prosopis articulata/pallida (2n=28)Microlobius foetidus

(2n=26)Mimosa guatemalensis/ aculeaticarpa (?)Neptunia clade

(2n=28)Mimozyganthus carinatus

(2n=28)Prosopidastrum angusticarpum (2n=28)Piptadeniopsis lomentifera (2n=28)

Leucaena diploids (2n=52 or 56)

Schleinitzia spp. (2n=52/54)

Desmanthus and Kanaloa Clade (2n=28)

Dichrostachys(?)/Gagnebina (2n=26/28)

/Calliandropsis(?)/Alantsilodendron (?) Clade

Prosopis palmeri/nigra (2n=28)

A B

Appendix S5. Variation in chromosome number across the informal Leucaena and Dichrostachys Groups and allied Mimosoideae, showing alternative parsimony optimizations (see Discussion) of the shift from diploid to polyploid chromosome complements among close relatives to Leucaena. Data were optimized onto Luckow et al‟s (2005) phylogeny. (A) “Slow” optimization favoring two parallel origins of polyploid chromosome complements. (B) “Fast” optimization favoring a single origin and subsequent reversal to diploid complements in members of Desmanthus and Kanaloa.

Govindarajulu et al.—American Journal of Botany 98(12): 2064-2076. 2011. – Data Supplement S1 –page 1

Govindarajulu, Rajanikanth, Colin E. Hughes, Patrick J. Alexander, and C. Donovan Bailey. 2011. The complex evolutionary dynamics of ancient and recent polyploidy in Leucaena (Leguminosae; Mimosoideae). American Journal of Botany 98(12): 2064-2076.