propotions
DESCRIPTION
propotions in architectureTRANSCRIPT
proportionS
ProportionProportionProportionProportion is the relation between elements and a whole.
„proportion is a correspondence among the measures of the members
of an entire work, and of the whole to a certain part selected as
standard. From this result the principles of symmetry. Without
symmetry and proportion there can be no principles in the design of
any temple; that is, if there is no precise relation between its members
as in the case of those of a well shaped man.”
vitrivius-the ten books of architecture (III, Ch. 1)
wikipedia
In architecture the whole is not just a building but the set and
setting of the site. The things that make a building and its site
"well shaped" include the orientation of the site and the
buildings on it to the features of the grounds on which it is
situated. light, shade, wind, elevation, choice of materials, all
should relate to a standard and say what is it that makes it
what it is, and what is it that makes it not something else.
wikipedia
Architectural practice has often used proportional
systems to generate or constrain the forms
considered suitable for inclusion in a building. In
almost every building tradition there is a system of
mathematical relations which governs the
relationships between aspects of the design. These
systems of proportion are often quite simple; whole
number ratios or easily constructed geometric
shapes (such as the vesica piscies or the golden
ratio).
wikipedia
Golden Ratio Vesica Piscies
Generally the goal of a proportional system is
to produce a sense of coherence and harmony
among the elements of a building.
wikipedia
GOLDEN RATIO
The golden section is a line segment sectioned into two according
to the golden ratio. The total length a + ba + ba + ba + b is to the longer
segment aaaa as aaaa is to the shorter segment bbbb.
A FIBONACCI SPIRAL that approximates the
golden spiral, using Fibonacci sequence square
sizes up to 34.
HUMAN BODY
EGYPTIAN CANON
POLIKLET
CANON
LIZYP
CANON
WITRUWIUSZ
CANON
LEONARDO DA VINCI’S
PREPARATION
Middle ages-Willard
de Lionnecourt
XIX c. Alfred
Zeising
MODULE
MODULEMODULEMODULEMODULE - A UNIT TO DEFINE PROPORTIONS.
IT IS USING IN ARCHITECTURE, SCULPTURE
AND PAINTING. SUBORDINATING OF WORK
TO MODULARITY RULES PERMIT ACHIEVE AN
EFECT OF GRAPHIC ORDER, HARMONY AND
RYTHM.
LE CORBUSIER – HUMANISTIC ASPECT OF ARCHITECTURE
BEAUTY AS A RESULT OF PROPOTIONS
LE COLBUSIER PREPARED MODULAR SYSTEM OF
POROPOTION – MODULOR – HE LINKED SYSTEMATICS OF
HUMAN SIZES WITH PHENOMENON OF GOLDEN RATIO.
GOLDEN RATIO CAN BE PRESENT GEOMETRICLY OR AS A
ANALYTIC FORMULA.
GEOMETRICLY- INTERRELATION BETWEEN SQUARE,
CYRCLE AND TRIANGLE.
ANALYTIC FORMULA- G = 1+1/GG = 1+1/GG = 1+1/GG = 1+1/G
LE COLBUSIER DISPENSE PART OF HUMAN BODY: FEED,
SOLAR PLEXUS, HEAD, FINGERS OF ELONGATED HAND.
HE TOOK AVERAGE HEIGHT OF EUROPEAN 175 CM – HE
DIVIDED THIS MEASUREMENT ON THREE SECTIONS OF
GOLDEN RATIO 108,2-66,8-41,45-25,4 CM
25,4 ≈ 10 CAL – ENGLISH CAL
RED ROW - AND DOWN – 6 ENGLISH FOOD = 1828,8
MM ≈ HEIGHT OF MAN
BLUE ROW – HEIGHT WITH REISED HAND = 226 CM
PROPOTIONS SYSTEM => HARMONY,
MODERATION – ANY PART DOESN’T VIOLATE
LAWS OF WHOLE.
UNITE D’HABITATION - LE CORBUSIER
PYRAMIDS - EGYPT
PANTEON - ROME
PALLADIO’S VILLA
THE SAME
PROPORTIONS
SYSTEM
INDIVIDUAL IMAGE