PROPOSED CAIRO URBAN TRANSPORT STRATEGY &

PRIORITY PROGRAM

Greater Cairo Development ProjectGreater Cairo Development Project

Proposed Cairo Urban Transport StrategyProposed Cairo Urban Transport Strategy& &

Priority ProgramPriority Program

Ministry of Housing World BankMinistry of Housing World Bank

General Organization of Physical PlanningGeneral Organization of Physical PlanningGovernorates of Cairo, Giza and QalyubiyaGovernorates of Cairo, Giza and Qalyubiya

OUTLINEOUTLINEBasis for the Proposed StrategyBasis for the Proposed StrategyDiagnosis: UT Issues, Future ImplicationsDiagnosis: UT Issues, Future ImplicationsGuiding Principles Guiding Principles Building Blocks of the Proposed StrategyBuilding Blocks of the Proposed StrategyShort and Medium Term Priority ProgramShort and Medium Term Priority Program

Institutional StrengtheningInstitutional StrengtheningDevelopment of Public Transport systemDevelopment of Public Transport systemTraffic Management and EnforcementTraffic Management and EnforcementToll Roads FacilitiesToll Roads FacilitiesSustainable FundingSustainable Funding

Possible World Bank supportPossible World Bank support

Basis for the StrategyBasis for the Strategy

ContextContext; under the framework of Greater Cairo ; under the framework of Greater Cairo Master Plan with GOPP, Ministry of Housing:Master Plan with GOPP, Ministry of Housing:Review of existing studies: Review of existing studies:

Transportation Master Plan for the Greater Cairo Transportation Master Plan for the Greater Cairo Region Region (JICA 2002)(JICA 2002)

Cairo Urban Toll Road Study Cairo Urban Toll Road Study (JICA 2002)(JICA 2002)

Other studies (Other studies (urban master plans, metro studies, taxis report, etc.)urban master plans, metro studies, taxis report, etc.)

World Bank Missions: World Bank Missions: data collocation, field data collocation, field observations, and discussion with officials in observations, and discussion with officials in Governorates,CTA, Transport Institute, Cairo University, Governorates,CTA, Transport Institute, Cairo University, GOPPGOPP

Diagnosis: Main ProblemsDiagnosis: Main Problems

Serious Traffic Congestion:Serious Traffic Congestion:Main corridors Main corridors V/C > 1.2V/C > 1.280% of intersections in center Cairo and Giza are saturated80% of intersections in center Cairo and Giza are saturatedLong waiting/travel time (Sao Paolo)Long waiting/travel time (Sao Paolo)

High Accident Rate High Accident Rate (especially pedestrians): (especially pedestrians): more than 1000 deaths more than 1000 deaths and 4000 injuries/year (Teheran)and 4000 injuries/year (Teheran)

Underdeveloped Public Transport System:Underdeveloped Public Transport System:Minibuses and shared taxis: Minibuses and shared taxis: 56%56% of PT shareof PT shareOnly 4km of metro/1 M people (Only 4km of metro/1 M people (Bangkok=20, Sao Paolo= 31, Bangkok=20, Sao Paolo= 31, Paris=150Paris=150))Severe shortage of high capacity bus supply: 300/1 M Severe shortage of high capacity bus supply: 300/1 M ((Bangkok=1737, Sao Paolo=1020, Paris=1800Bangkok=1737, Sao Paolo=1020, Paris=1800))

Air & Noise PollutionAir & Noise Pollution

Ex: Congestion out of Rush HoursEx: Congestion out of Rush Hours

التكدس المرورى

Main Contributing FactorsMain Contributing FactorsRapid growth of Urbanization Rapid growth of Urbanization (+2.5%/year)(+2.5%/year) and and Fast increase in car ownership Fast increase in car ownership (+5%/year 94(+5%/year 94--04)04)

Combined with slow investment responseCombined with slow investment responseInstitutional Weakness (Institutional Weakness (fragmented= 14, illfragmented= 14, ill--equipped in equipped in skills, poor information system, poor regulations and modal coorskills, poor information system, poor regulations and modal coordinationdination) ) Unsustainable Financing Arrangements:Unsustainable Financing Arrangements:

very low fares (very low fares (most affordablemost affordable)=)= revenue/cost=M30revenue/cost=M30--B43%; PT subsidies= US$130 M/yearB43%; PT subsidies= US$130 M/yearHigh fuel subsidies: estimate for High fuel subsidies: estimate for GC=US$1.5 bil in 05GC=US$1.5 bil in 05

Insufficient Emphasis on Implementing the Insufficient Emphasis on Implementing the Most Cost Efficient Measures (TM/DM, Bus Most Cost Efficient Measures (TM/DM, Bus facilities, Heliopolis, BRT)facilities, Heliopolis, BRT)

Looking to the Future: Looking to the Future: Increasing traffic demand in GCIncreasing traffic demand in GC

Over the next 20 years (2001Over the next 20 years (2001--2022):2022):The combination of population Growth (at 1.7%/year) The combination of population Growth (at 1.7%/year) and Economic Growth (at 2.9%/year) :and Economic Growth (at 2.9%/year) :

Greater Cairo will host 20.7 million people (14.4 million in 20Greater Cairo will host 20.7 million people (14.4 million in 2001 )01 )Vehicle Ownership will grow at 4.2%/year and more than double Vehicle Ownership will grow at 4.2%/year and more than double

to 2.5 million cars (from 1.05 in 2001)to 2.5 million cars (from 1.05 in 2001)And motorized trips will grow from 14.4 to And motorized trips will grow from 14.4 to 25.125.1 million trips per million trips per

dayday

The current UT system will never be able to The current UT system will never be able to accommodate such level of traffic demand unless accommodate such level of traffic demand unless Drastic actions are taken NOWDrastic actions are taken NOW

What will happen if the current policies and What will happen if the current policies and level of investments are maintained ?level of investments are maintained ?

Speed in km/h

21.4

11.6

0

10

20

30

2001 2022

Year

km/H

Speed

Time

37

100

0

50

100

150

2001 2022

Year

min

utes

Time

Pollution

12.216

05

101520

2001 2022

Year

mill

ions

tons

Pollution

Eco Losses

3

7.5

02468

2001 2022

Year

Bill

ions

EL

Eco Losses

Guiding Principles Towards a Guiding Principles Towards a StrategyStrategy

Institutions and FundingInstitutions and Funding: : Giving priority to Giving priority to developing urban transport institutions & improving developing urban transport institutions & improving urban transport finance are prerequisites for urban transport finance are prerequisites for sustainable improvements of urban transport servicessustainable improvements of urban transport servicesPublic transport systemPublic transport system: should receive highest : should receive highest priority to accommodate large growing travel priority to accommodate large growing travel demand in metropolitan Cairo (demand in metropolitan Cairo (cost effective, cost effective, equitable and cleanerequitable and cleaner) ) Effective use of existing assetsEffective use of existing assets: making efficient : making efficient use of exiting infrastructure (use of exiting infrastructure (public transport, existing public transport, existing road space, etcroad space, etc.) are the best use of public .) are the best use of public resourcesresources

EfficientPublic Transport System

• Road-based high capacity masstransit systems

•Restructured bus network (formalize the informal)

•Efficient Operators (contracting out and PPPs)

Improved Traffic Management Practices

•Traffic/Parking inst. Capacity•Traffic Management Plans•Parking Strategies/Policies•Implementation/Monitoring

•Enforcement of Traffic Rules•Priority Toll corridors

Sustainable Urban Transport Funding

•Pricing Policy of UT services•Streamlined Subsidies

•Other Financing sources

Objective: Efficient, Environmental Friendly and Affordable

Urban Transport Services in GCR

Efficient Urban Transport Institutions

•Planning / Policy Formulation•Priority Investments

•Monitoring and Information Systems• Regulations and PPP framework

BUILDING BLOCKS OF THE STRATEGY

Proposed Elements of the StrategyProposed Elements of the Strategy

Developing Capable & Stronger Urban Transportation InstitutionsDeveloping Capable & Stronger Urban Transportation InstitutionsEstablishing a More Efficient Decision Making Process for SelectEstablishing a More Efficient Decision Making Process for Selecting ing Priority InvestmentsPriority InvestmentsEstablishing a Sustainable Urban Transport Financing: More ReliaEstablishing a Sustainable Urban Transport Financing: More Reliance nce on User Charges (and less subsidies)on User Charges (and less subsidies)Establishing More Efficient Organization and Operation of PublicEstablishing More Efficient Organization and Operation of PublicTransport ServicesTransport ServicesImplementing a Modern Traffic Management ProgramImplementing a Modern Traffic Management ProgramApplying Demand Management Measures (paid parking & road tolls)Applying Demand Management Measures (paid parking & road tolls)Enhancing Institutional Arrangements for Stricter Enforcement ofEnhancing Institutional Arrangements for Stricter Enforcement ofTraffic RulesTraffic Rules

Proposed Short / Medium Term Proposed Short / Medium Term ProgramProgram

Institutional Development and UT financingInstitutional Development and UT financingRestructuring Bus Transport Services (Restructuring Bus Transport Services (routes, supply, and routes, supply, and contracting operationscontracting operations))Developing high capacity bus system (on dedicated bus Developing high capacity bus system (on dedicated bus priority Facilitiespriority FacilitiesUpgrading & Extension of Heliopolis MetroUpgrading & Extension of Heliopolis MetroExpanding and Improving Traffic ManagementExpanding and Improving Traffic ManagementExpanding On and Off Street Paid Parking ProgramsExpanding On and Off Street Paid Parking ProgramsImproving Traffic EnforcementImproving Traffic EnforcementDeveloping and Implementing Toll Road Facilities Developing and Implementing Toll Road Facilities through PPP arrangementsthrough PPP arrangements

Institutional DevelopmentInstitutional Development((highest priorityhighest priority))

Establish a High Level Metropolitan Cairo Transport Steering Establish a High Level Metropolitan Cairo Transport Steering Committee (MCTSC)Committee (MCTSC)

Create a Metropolitan Cairo Transport Authority (MCTA):Create a Metropolitan Cairo Transport Authority (MCTA): ex: ex: MontrMontrééal, Paris, Vancouver, London,al, Paris, Vancouver, London,

Undertake Reforms in the Cairo Transport Authority: Undertake Reforms in the Cairo Transport Authority: SSeparate Operations from Regulation; Contracting bus routes to eparate Operations from Regulation; Contracting bus routes to private/public operators (private/public operators (ex: Chiliex: Chili) )

Strengthen/Create Traffic Management (TMD) and Parking Strengthen/Create Traffic Management (TMD) and Parking Departments (PMD) at the Governorate Level (Departments (PMD) at the Governorate Level (all mega citiesall mega cities))Create an Expressway Authority to manage Toll Roads in GCCreate an Expressway Authority to manage Toll Roads in GC

Assist Traffic Police in Mobile EnforcementAssist Traffic Police in Mobile Enforcement

Proposed Metropolitan Cairo Transportation Proposed Metropolitan Cairo Transportation OrganizationOrganization

Main roles:Decision-making on urban transport plans, policies and priority investmentsCoordination of institutional interventions and rolesUrban transport financing policies

Higher Level Transport Steering

Committee (HLSC)

Metropolitan Cairo Transport

Authority (MCTA)

Main roles:Prepares comprehensive metropolitan transport plans and capital budgetsRegulates and contracts with public and private sector public transportManages urban transportation information system and carries out specific policy studies

Composition:Ministries: Finance, Housing, Transport and Local DevelopmentGovernorates: Cairo, Giza, QalibiyaOther Institutions

Ministry ofTransport

Expressway Authority

Public Bus Operators

Private Bus and Mini-Bus

Operators

Public or Private Tram/

Operators

Metro or Commuter Rail

Operators

Private Expressway

Concessionaires

Proposed Governorate Level Transport Proposed Governorate Level Transport OrganizationOrganization

Governorates (Cairo, Giza and

Qalyoubiya)

Ministry of the Interior

Parking Department

• Prepares parkingmanagement plans (off & onstreet supply, pricing, etc.)

• Administers parking management

contracts to private sector • Coordinates enforcement

with traffic police

OtherGovernorate Departments

Traffic Management DepartmentPrepares traffic

management plansOperates & maintains

all traffic control devicesPrepares on and

off street parking policies

Traffic Police

• Enforces traffic regulations• Enforces parking regulations

• Manages traffic incidences

(Coordination)

(Participation in policy-making)

Restructuring and Developing Bus Restructuring and Developing Bus Transport ServicesTransport Services

The Objective is to develop an efficient, well organized, and The Objective is to develop an efficient, well organized, and affordable high capacity bus services in GC:affordable high capacity bus services in GC:Bus network restructuring and supply definition Bus network restructuring and supply definition Improving concession arrangements, and regulatory Improving concession arrangements, and regulatory practicespracticesGradual Gradual ““formalizationformalization”” of informal private sector bus of informal private sector bus operations into well structured (private) bus operators operations into well structured (private) bus operators providing high capacity bus servicesproviding high capacity bus services (Chili, Mexico, Moro)(Chili, Mexico, Moro)

Promoting roadPromoting road--based high capacity mass transit based high capacity mass transit systemssystems ((BRT, fully dedicated bus lanes, etc. less expensive than metro aBRT, fully dedicated bus lanes, etc. less expensive than metro and tramsnd trams) ) in high travel demand corridors (in high travel demand corridors (to be concessioned to PSto be concessioned to PS) ) to move more to move more people than is possible with carspeople than is possible with cars

Examples: Promoting roadExamples: Promoting road--based high capacity based high capacity mass transit systemsmass transit systems

Upgrading Heliopolis MetroUpgrading Heliopolis MetroObjective: maximize the use of an exiting mass transit system Objective: maximize the use of an exiting mass transit system that could move more people and produce substantial benefits that could move more people and produce substantial benefits at much less cost than other rail investmentsat much less cost than other rail investments

Staged upgrading and extension at a reasonable costStaged upgrading and extension at a reasonable costMost likely with PPP arrangement:Most likely with PPP arrangement:

Public sector investments in infrastructure (tracks, Public sector investments in infrastructure (tracks, stations, signaling, etc.)stations, signaling, etc.)Private sector investment in rolling stock and Private sector investment in rolling stock and

operations under a concession agreementoperations under a concession agreement

Possibility of merging operations with the Possibility of merging operations with the underground metro system (modes integration, cost underground metro system (modes integration, cost effectiveness) (effectiveness) (ex: Vancouver, New York, Tunis, Parisex: Vancouver, New York, Tunis, Paris))

Improving Traffic Management Improving Traffic Management practices and policiespractices and policies

Objective: make best possible use of existing road Objective: make best possible use of existing road space (improve vehicle throughput and safety) at space (improve vehicle throughput and safety) at reasonable costreasonable costComprehensive traffic management plans (Comprehensive traffic management plans (improvementsimprovements) ) in selected areas and corridors in selected areas and corridors ((see examplessee examples))

Traffic signal upgrading especially in central business Traffic signal upgrading especially in central business districts of Cairo and Gizadistricts of Cairo and GizaImprovements to specific intersections and squares Improvements to specific intersections and squares with high traffic bottlenecks (with high traffic bottlenecks (ex: Errimaya, Sphinxex: Errimaya, Sphinx) )

Central Giza and Cairo CBD as Focus Areas for Central Giza and Cairo CBD as Focus Areas for Traffic Management Plans:Traffic Management Plans:

Expanding On & Off Street Parking Expanding On & Off Street Parking ProgramsPrograms

Objective: optimal use of urban space and supply of Objective: optimal use of urban space and supply of parking space where it is most needed while using parking space where it is most needed while using pricing as a means of travel demand managementpricing as a means of travel demand managementDevelop and implement Parking management Develop and implement Parking management plans in Target locations in central Cairo and Giza: plans in Target locations in central Cairo and Giza:

Paid Parking as a means of travel demand Paid Parking as a means of travel demand management, better use of road capacity, and revenue management, better use of road capacity, and revenue generation (generation (estimated revenue: 10estimated revenue: 10--15 millions US$/year15 millions US$/year) ) (ex: (ex: CBDsCBDs in all mega citiesin all mega cities))

Considerable potential for private sector participation (Considerable potential for private sector participation (in in on and off street facilitieson and off street facilities))Possible paid area access in Cairo/Possible paid area access in Cairo/GuizaGuiza ((ex: London, Hong ex: London, Hong KongKong))

Improving Traffic EnforcementImproving Traffic EnforcementPrimary objective of improved traffic enforcement is to Primary objective of improved traffic enforcement is to improve traffic safety, traffic incidence management, improve traffic safety, traffic incidence management, and alleviate congestionand alleviate congestionShifting traffic enforcement from point duty to mobile Shifting traffic enforcement from point duty to mobile enforcement (enforcement (and devolving traffic management from police and devolving traffic management from police to TM departments at the governorate levelto TM departments at the governorate level): ):

Emphasis on traffic safety, traffic incidence management, Emphasis on traffic safety, traffic incidence management, and enforcementand enforcement

Strengthen police capabilities (training, equipments, Strengthen police capabilities (training, equipments, vehicles.) to ensure effective enforcement and maximize vehicles.) to ensure effective enforcement and maximize the impact of traffic and parking management plans the impact of traffic and parking management plans

Implementing Toll Road FacilitiesImplementing Toll Road FacilitiesObjective: providing an alternative to congested Objective: providing an alternative to congested roads through higher road capacity and speed at roads through higher road capacity and speed at appropriately priced facilitiesappropriately priced facilities

Development and implementation of a pilot for 1 or Development and implementation of a pilot for 1 or 2 corridors2 corridors ((ex: El Mahouerex: El Mahouer: down town to 6: down town to 6thth of Octoberof October): ):

Feasibility study and selection of 1 or 2 priority corridors Feasibility study and selection of 1 or 2 priority corridors withwithpossible insertion of high volume bus transport systempossible insertion of high volume bus transport system

Transaction structure (regulatory framework, pricing policyTransaction structure (regulatory framework, pricing policy, PPP , PPP arrangements)arrangements)

Tendering and selection of private partner/operatorTendering and selection of private partner/operatorImplementation/monitoring and evaluationImplementation/monitoring and evaluation

Sustainable Funding of Urban Transport Sustainable Funding of Urban Transport SectorSector

Objective: increase users contribution and reduce subsidies so tObjective: increase users contribution and reduce subsidies so that hat equivalent funds can be spent on improving transport conditionsequivalent funds can be spent on improving transport conditions

Developing Public transport fares and subsidy policies which Developing Public transport fares and subsidy policies which minimize the fiscal burden and enable funding of UT priorities (minimize the fiscal burden and enable funding of UT priorities (if if PT improvedPT improved):):

PT fares can be doubled over 5PT fares can be doubled over 5 years years Subsidies dropSubsidies drop by 50% by 50% (US$ 67 M/year)(US$ 67 M/year)PT remain affordable in GC (about 9% of income of low groups)PT remain affordable in GC (about 9% of income of low groups)

Gradual reduction of fuel subsidiesGradual reduction of fuel subsidies30% reduction in subsidies over 3 years will save US$ 500 M/year30% reduction in subsidies over 3 years will save US$ 500 M/year

Exploring other sources of funding and cost reduction Exploring other sources of funding and cost reduction measures of public transport systems:measures of public transport systems:

Dedicated (Gas/Registration) UT tax: MontrDedicated (Gas/Registration) UT tax: Montrééal, Vancouver, Paris, al, Vancouver, Paris, New YorkNew York

How the World Bank Can HelpHow the World Bank Can Help

Assisting in creating & strengthening urban Assisting in creating & strengthening urban transport institutionstransport institutionsTechnical and Financial support to implementing Technical and Financial support to implementing priority investments to address traffic congestion priority investments to address traffic congestion & improve public transport systems& improve public transport systemsOther assistance as per the GOE requestOther assistance as per the GOE requestExamples of WB UT projects: Examples of WB UT projects: IstamboulIstamboul, , SnatiagoSnatiago, Moscow, Petersburg, Mumbai, , Moscow, Petersburg, Mumbai, Buenos Aires, Tunis.Buenos Aires, Tunis.

Thank YouThank You

THANK YOU