Properties of Matter

Physical Properties

def. Characteristic of a substance that can change without the substances becoming a different substance

Ex: odor, color, volume, state (gas, liquid, or solid), density, melting & boiling point, mass, length, shape, taste, luster, malleability, solubility, ductility, thermal conductivity

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C4pQQQNwy30

Physical Properties that the behavior of a material…

Solubility ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance ex: powdered lemonade dissolves in water easily

Ductility ability of a substance to be pulled into wire ex: copper used for wiring bc ductile

Malleability ability of a substance to be rolled or pounded into thin sheets ex: aluminum foil

Examples of Physical Properties

Magnetism some objects are attracted to magnets ex: iron

State physical form in which a substance exists: solid, liquid, gas

Viscosity a liquids resistance to flow

Viscosity

Measuring DensityDensity- amount of matter in a given space, or

volume; density is measured in a combination of SI units called derived units

Density (d) = mass (m) / volume (v)Ex: mass = 45 grams; volume = 5 cm3

Find the density of the golf ball: 45 g / 5 cm3 = 9 g/cm3 g/cm3 = an example of a derived unit http://sciencespot.net/Media/myscanister.pdf

5 Liquids

Baby Oil (D =.83 g/mL)WaterVegetable OilIsopropyl AlcoholDishwashing Liquid

Density of Solids

Q. Would you rather carry 1 kilogram of lead or 1 kilogram of feathers? WHY?

A. both have the same mass, but that would be a lot of feathers to equal the mass of 1 kg of lead

*Knowing the density of a substance can tell you if a substance will float or sink. If the density of an object is less than the density of water, the object will float!

Use Density to Identify Substances

Think Outside the Box

Q. Would the density of a given substance change if the temperature changes?

A. YES as temperature changes the density also changes

EXAMPLES

Blue100 gPours slowlyDissolves in water

15 g/mL http://www.brainpop.com/science/

matterandchemistry/metals/preview.weml

Using Physical Properties to Separate

Choose the best method to achieve separation?Pure water from salty

waterClear water from

muddy waterSawdust mixed with

sandSteel buttons and

plastic buttons

Physical Change

Def. change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties

Change in substance’s size, shape, or state of matter

substance does not change identity when it undergoes a physical change

Chemical Properties

Def. any characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a certain chemical change

Reactivity characteristic that describes the ability of a substance to change to a different substance

Flammability ability of a substance to burn

Ex: Wood burning in a fireplace, which gives off heat and gases and leaving a residue of ashes. In this process, the wood is changed into several substances.

pH

Chemical Change

def. when one or more substances are changed into new substances with different properties

Ex: soured milk smells bad because bacteria have formed a new substance in the milk

Ex: Statue of Liberty was copper now looks green from Cu reaction with moist air

Signs of Chemical Change

Color or odor changeHeatFizzing and foamingSound or light given

off

http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/matter-physical-and-chemical-properties.html

Weathering of Earth

Large rocks can split when water seeps into small cracks, freezes, and expands Physical OR Chemical?

A: Physical bc the smaller pieces of newly exposed rock still have the same properties as the original

Stalactites & Stalagmite Formation

Law of Conservation of MassLaw states that matter is not created or destroyed, but

conserved (total mass of starting reactants equals the mass of the products)

Sanding a piece of wood

PHYSICAL

Chemical

PHYSICAL

Chemical

CHEMICAL

Chemical

Physical

Chemical