promoting sustainable transportation … web seminar october 6, 20106, 2010 ... why promote...

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Promoting Sustainable Transportation ThroughTransportation Through

Site Design: An ITE Recommended Practice Web Seminar

October 6, 2010October 6, 2010

Housekeeping• This Webinar will be recorded for ITE’s archive.

• All participant phone lines are muted to avoid distractions during p p p gpresentations.

• Questions can be asked via the Question Pod. Only the instructor and moderator will see the questions submitted.

• Questions & Answer session at the end of the presentation or at specific time during the presentation.

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• Citrix /Go-To-Webinar Customer Service: 1-800-263-6317. Select Go-to-Webinar (#2)Technical Support for login assistance or help during the Webinar.

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Successful completion of this Web seminar includes:•Verification of attendance•Completion of course evaluation

Earn Course Credit

Completion of course evaluation•Verification of learning objectives (online quiz)

These requirements must be met to earn 1.5 PDH or .2 IACET CEU per course.

At the conclusion of the course you will receive an email

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At the conclusion of the course you will receive an email with directions to the online quiz and course evaluation (an additional fee may apply)

Promoting Sustainable T t ti Th hTransportation Through

Site Design

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PresentersBrian Hollingworth

Director, IBI GroupC th P ti S t i bl T t tiCo-author Promoting Sustainable Transportation Through Site DesignServed on ITE Toronto Executive for 8 yearsPast Chair of Transportation Association of Canada Sustainable Transportation Committee

Russell BrownleeTransportation Safety Engineering, Giffin Koerth Forensic Engineering

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Forensic EngineeringCo-author Promoting Sustainable Transportation Through Site DesignChair, Transportation Safety Council Exec. Com.Vice-Chair, Expert Witness Council Exec. Com.Canadian District Director

Learning ObjectivesAt the conclusion, participants should be able to:

1) Apply site design practices to the land development process to promote the use of sustainable modes of passenger transportation p p g psuch as walking, cycling and transit.

2) Describe methods involved in the preparation, review and approval of development proposals.

3) Incorporate features that make sites more accessible.

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4) Identify a range of supporting policies and actions that agencies can implement to promote sustainable transportation through site design.

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Presentation Outline

• Underlying motivations• Background on ITE

Recommended Practice –Promoting Sustainable Transportation Through Site DesignS ti b S ti C t

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• Section by Section Commentary1. Site Organization 2. Site Layout 3. Site Infrastructure 4. Site Amenities 5. Supporting Actions 6. Case Studies

Why Promote Sustainable Transportation?

• Current issues all point to the need for t i bl t t timore sustainable transportation

– Air Quality– Climate change– Health and obesity– Resource depletion

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– Affordability– Accessibility

Image Source: IBI Group

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Why Does Site Design Matter?

• Site design influences how we move through a site or development

• Over the past few decades, site design has tended to focus primarily on vehicular movement

• Viewing site design from the eyes of a

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• Viewing site design from the eyes of a pedestrian can have a significant impact

Designing Through the “Eyes of a Pedestrian”

Everyone is a pedestrian eventually, whether they i f b bikare coming from a car, bus, or bike.

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Image Source: IBI Group Image Source: Jamie Krzeminski, HDR Engineering

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Introduction to the Guide

• Initiated by the Canadian District of ITE in 2002

• 2005 – 2010 Proposed RP and member input

• 2010 Approved Recommended Practice

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Practice• Guide is regularly referenced and

uptake has been significant

Intended Audience and Scope

• Generally aimed at transportation engineers and planners

• Guide attempts to provide “one-stop shopping” for site design issues

• Primarily focused on non-residential developments

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developments

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Overview of the Guide• Site Organization

– Building Placement– Building Entrances– Pick-up and drop-off areas

• Site Layout– Safety and Security– Internal Transportation Network– Vehicle Parking Supply and Layout

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– Transit Facilities and Access– Loading Areas

Overview of the Guide

• Site InfrastructureI t l R d– Internal Roads

– Pedestrian Facilities– Guide signing

• Site Amenities– Waiting Areas and Transit Shelters– Active Transportation Facilities

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– Active Transportation Facilities– Street Furniture

• Supporting Policies and Actions

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Site Organization

Image Source: Tri-County Metropolitan Transportation District of Oregon

Site Organization – What We Should Do

Identify key pedestrian destinations

Provide a network of pedestrian linkages

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pedestrian linkages

Design buildings and details around these linkages

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Site Organization – What We Actually Do

Slide 17Image Source: IBI Group

Building Placement and Layout

• Promote compactness in development• Encourage public uses such as retail

and restaurants along street• Maximize connectivity between uses• Allow for future expansion

Slide 18

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Building Placement and Layout

Slide 19

Typical Layout Better layout

Image Source: Tri-County Metropolitan Transportation District of Oregon

Vehicle Parking Supply

• Avoid oversupply or plan for alternatives• Consider impacts of parking on

pedestrians, cyclists, transit riders– Locate off-street parking behind buildings

or underground– Consolidate access points

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– Consolidate access points– Divide and disperse

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Parking Oversupply

Slide 21Image Source: Russell Brownlee

Building Entrances

• Define entrances and key pedestrian connectionsconnections

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√Image Source: IBI Group

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Building Entrances

• Minimize Walking Distances to Entrances

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Passenger Drop-off & Pick-up Areas• Locate at side or rear of building;• Clearly identify pedestrian routes• Clearly identify pedestrian routes• Provide sheltered waiting areas

benefiting from “natural” surveillance.

Image Source: Institute of Transportation

Slide 24

pEngineers. Transportation and Land Development, 2nd Edition. Washington, DC: ITE, 2002.

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Case Study

Slide 25Image Source: Google

Case Study

Slide 26

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Case Study

• Building Entrance Close to Street

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Case Study

• Separate Entrance For Each Use


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Site Layout

Image Source: L Krisfalusi Design Studio

Site Layout Philosophy

• Why Should We Be Concerned With What Happens On-Site?Happens On Site?– If a visitor is uncomfortable or poorly served while

traveling by foot, bike or transit within a site … they may chose not to visit the site or to use their car for the next visit

– Poor site access and design can cause on-street operational problems

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operational problems– On-site safety is important for all modes

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Safety and Security

Definitions:

• Safety – making sure they don’t hit each other … making sure they don’t hit each other so hard

• Security – Perceived dangers of being harassed accosted or robbed

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harassed, accosted or robbed

Safety and Security – Key Considerations

R d d S C fli P i• Reduce and Separate Conflict Points• Meet Road User Expectations• Personal Security

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Reduce Conflict Points

• Minimize number of conflict areas and especially “multiple threat” locationespecially multiple threat location

• Minimize exposure time between users• Provide adequate sight lines• Reduce “pinch points”• Create natural “slow points” and locate

primary conflict areas at these locations i e

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primary conflict areas at these locations, i.e., intersections and mid-block crossings

• Highlight key conflict areas

Conflict Points


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Multiple Conflict Areas


Highlight Road Use Conflicts

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√Image Source: Russell Brownlee

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Pedestrian “Pinch Point”

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Image Source: Richard James and Associates

Separate Conflict Points

• Vehicles entering the site• Vehicle turning movements• Parking lot layout• Create primary pedestrian crossings

Slide 38

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Slide 39

Image Source: Russell Brownlee


Slide 40


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Meet Road User Expectations

• Consistency is everything!• Element of surprise is a major

contributory factor in many on-site collisions

• Consistency between on-site and off-site facilities

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site facilities

Road User Expectations


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Slide 43


Slide 44


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Personal Security

• Minimize walking distances to building entrances for pedestrians and transit users

• Locate secluded areas of the site away from pedestrian and bicycle routes

• Illuminate primary pedestrian routes and

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• Illuminate primary pedestrian routes and transit facilities

Personal Security

Slide 46



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Personal Security

Slide 47


Internal Transportation Network

• Minimize the number of driveways and internal roads

• Minimize conflicts among roadway users

• Recognize the needs of all usersP id l h t

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• Provide only what you need – avoid pavement gluttony √

Image Source: Sharon Lewison

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Define Intersections


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Minimize Conflicts Among Users

Image Source: Richard James and

Slide 50

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Image Source: Richard James and Associates


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Pedestrian and Cyclist Routes

• Design/review the site from a pedestrian routing and bicycle travel point of view

• Start from the off-site approaches and determine most probable travel routes– Design to accommodate them

Highlight major crossings/interfaces with

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– Highlight major crossings/interfaces with vehicle paths

Pedestrian Routes

• Serve desire lines• Routes meet at

intersections• Avoid directing

routes through conflict points, h d d hi h

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hazards, and higher speed areas Image Source: IBI Group

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Pedestrian Facilities

I S R ll B l

Slide 53



Grading and Accessibility

• Locate entrances at street levelstreet level

• Minimize grades• Avoid stairways or

retaining walls

Slide 54


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Bicycle Routes and Facilities

• Connect on-site routes to external bicycle facilities

• Minimize vehicle-bicycle conflicts• Provide bicycle parking in accessible

and secure areas

Slide 55

Bicycle Route Connections


Slide 56√

IBI Group

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Transit Facilities and Access

• Consult transit t dioperators regarding

their needs• Locate transit

stops:– At major destinations

Slide 57

– Close to safe pedestriancrossings

– Monitored and secure areas


Transit Connections

Slide 58



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Vehicle Parking Layout

• Consolidate access points• Divide and disperse• Use hard surface end islands

to reduce diagonal moves

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Minimize Pedestrian Conflicts

Potential Conflict Point


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Aisles Oriented Towards Entrances

Slide 61


Loading Areas

• Locate off the street, behind or under buildingsbehind or under buildings

• Avoid delivery driveways that cross primary on-sitepedestrian, transit facilityor cyclist routes


Slide 62

y• Avoid travel through

parking areas

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Case Study

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Case Study

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Case Study

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Case Study

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Case Study

Slide 67

Case Study

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Site Infrastructure


Pedestrian Facilities

• Install marked pedestrian crossingspedestrian crossings

• Provide advance warning of pedestrian crossings

• Delineate crossings perpendicular to the


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road• Raise the crosswalk, or

include ramps √Image Source: Jamie Krzeminski, HDR Engineering

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Driveway Design

• Indicate whether or not pedestrians have priority

Slide 71


End Island Definition

Slide 72

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Parking Along Sidewalks

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Slide 73


Image Source: Jamie Krzeminski, HDR Engineering

Guide Signing

• Provide scale appropriate signage

Slide 74Image Source: Sharon Lewison

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Case Study

Slide 75

Case Study

Slide 76

8.5 m

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Case Study

Slide 77

Site Amenities


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Site Amenities - General

• Standards will vary by location• Consult with appropriate departments

e.g. transit, parks, urban design• Where possible, involve user groups in

the planning, design and operationsB ti t li ti

Slide 79

• Be creative – yet realistic

Bicycle Parking

• Short-term bicycle parking at building entrances

• Longer term parking in secure and illuminated areas

• Protect from vandalism and theft

Slide 80

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Bicycle Parking


Slide 81

√√Image Source: IBI Group

Image Source: Wilf Koppert

Case Study

Slide 82

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Supporting Policies and Actions

Sample Policies and Actions

• Consider needs of non-auto modes at all levelslevels– Land use planning– Facility operations– Social marketing

• Work to educate private sector on benefits of designing for all modes

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• Lead by example – put your self in the shoes of a pedestrian!

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Summary• There is an increasing demand by our

communities to accommodate sustainable transportation travel

• Many attributes can be implemented with little or no overall cost to the project … if considered at the planning and design stages

• Small changes can have a large impact

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Key Resources

• ITE Promoting Sustainable Transportation Through Site Design, g p g g2010

• Designing Walkable Urban Thoroughfares: A Context Sensitive Approach: An ITE Recommended Practice, 2010

• ITE Transportation and Land Development, 2nd Edition, 2002• AASHTO, Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities, 3rd

Edition, 1999• ITE, Design and Safety of Pedestrian Facilities, A

Recommended Practice of the Institute of Transportation Engineers

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Engineers

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Questions?• Enter questions/comments in the Question Pod. Your

question will be answered in the order it was receivedreceived.

Or

• Select the “raise hand” to indicate you wish to ask a

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question over the phone

Thank YouPlease provide your feedback. A link to an online Web seminar evaluation and quiz will follow in an e-mail to Web seminar registrants. Please distribute this email to participants at your site. The assessment and evaluation will close in one week.

Questions/CommentsProfessional Development Department

ITE

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1627 I Street, NW, Ste 600Washington, DC 20006

202-785-0060; [email protected]

promoting sustainable transportation … web seminar october 6, 20106, 2010 ... why promote...

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