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E-COURT SYSTEM A PROJECT REPORT Submitted to SHARDA UNIVERSITY by Ankit kumar 100102013 in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE ENGINEERING

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Page 1: Project Report  on online examination

E-COURT SYSTEM

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted to SHARDA UNIVERSITY

by

Ankit kumar 100102013 in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE ENGINEERING

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY SHARDA UNIVERSITY GREATER NOIDA, U.P.

May,2014

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I feel immense pleasure in presenting valuable possession of my “course co-ordination” to

Sharda University.

I sincerely thank to my project guide Mr. Vivek Dimri(Asst. Prof. Sharda University) for

guidance and encouragement in carrying out this project work I also wish to express my

gratitude to the officials and other staff members of “Sharda University” who rendered their

help during the period of my project work.I also thanks For their kind co-operation to the

completion of my project work. but not least I wish to avail myself of this opportunity,

express a sense of gratitude and love to my friends and my beloved parents for their manual

support, strength, help and for everything.

ANKIT KUMAR10SETIT139100102013

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CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the project report entitled “TITLE OF PROJECT WORK”

submitted by NAME OF STUDENT to the Sharda University Greater Noida, U.P in

partial fulfillment for the award of Degree of Bachelor of Technology in Computer

Science and Engineering is a bonafide record of the project work carried out by him

under my supervision in the year 2013.

Name

<Name of HOD>

Professor and Head (Project Guide)

Department of Computer Science & Engineering Designation

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

School of Engineering and Technology Sharda University, Greater Noida, U.P

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ABSTRACT

The E-Court India enables information sharing within the organization and across the States in the country in the area of Crime & Criminals for effective working of Police. Effective coordination among different departments / entities in criminal justice system i.e. Forensic Science Laboratories and Prosecution Department is being ensured by interfacing for access and transfer of information between departments – thus making it easier to collect inputs needed for proper and quicker investigation of a case.

In this project the police can view all the record of the criminal and he also enters the details of the criminal. There are 3 roles in this project - Inspector, Lawyer And Court depending on their authentication modes they can view, modify the content. In this we maintain all the details of criminal and his criminal activates.

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INDEX

S.NO. Topic Page no .

1. Project Abstract 5

2. About Company 6

3. Technology Used 7-14

3.1 HTML

3.2 Java Script

3.3 Jdbc

3.4 SQL

3.5 Servlet

3.6 JSP

3.7 J2EE Server

4 . Project Introduction 15

5. DFD 16-18

5.1 ‘0’ level DFD

5.2 ‘1’ level DFD

6. Problem Definition 19

7. Requirements 20-21

7.1 Functional Requirements

7.2 Non- Functional Requirements

7.3 Backend & Frontend

8. Tables 22-23

9. Screen shots 24-29

10. Feasibility 30

10.1 Technical

10.2 Operational

10.3 Economical

11. Testing 32-33

12. Conclusion 34

13. Future Scope 35

13. Bibliography 36

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TECHNOLOGY USED

HTMLHypertext Markup Language (HTML), the languages of the World Wide Web (WWW),

allows users to produces Web pages that include text, graphics and pointer to other Web

pages (Hyperlinks).

HTML is not a programming language but it is an application of ISO Standard 8879, SGML

(Standard Generalized Markup Language), but specialized to hypertext and adapted to the

Web. The idea behind Hypertext is that instead of reading text in rigid linear structure, we

can easily jump from one point to another point. We can navigate through the information

based on our interest and preference. A markup language is simply a series of elements, each

delimited with special characters that define how text or other items enclosed within the

elements should be displayed. Hyperlinks are underlined or emphasized works that load to

other documents or some portions of the same document.

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HTML can be used to display any type of document on the host computer, which can be

geographically at a different location. It is a versatile language and can be used on any

platform or desktop.

HTML provides tags (special codes) to make the document look attractive. HTML tags are

not case-sensitive. Using graphics, fonts, different sizes, color, etc., can enhance the

presentation of the document. Anything that is not a tag is part of the document itself.

Advantages

A HTML document is small and hence easy to send over the net. It is small

because it does not include formatted information.

HTML is platform independent.

HTML tags are not case-sensitive.

JAVA SCRIPT

JavaScript is a script-based programming language that was developed by Netscape

Communication Corporation. JavaScript was originally called Live Script and renamed as

JavaScript to indicate its relationship with Java. JavaScript supports the development of both

client and server components of Web-based applications. On the client side, it can be used to

write programs that are executed by a Web browser within the context of a Web page. On the

server side, it can be used to write Web server programs that can process information

submitted by a Web browser and then update the browser’s display accordingly

Even though JavaScript supports both client and server Web programming, we prefer

JavaScript at Client side programming since most of the browsers supports it. JavaScript is

almost as easy to learn as HTML, and JavaScript statements can be included in HTML

documents by enclosing the statements between a pair of scripting tags

<SCRIPTS>.. </SCRIPT>.

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<SCRIPT LANGUAGE = “JavaScript”>

JavaScript statements

</SCRIPT>

Here are a few things we can do with JavaScript:

Validate the contents of a form and make calculations.

Add scrolling or changing messages to the Browser’s status line.

Animate images or rotate images that change when we move the mouse over

them.

Detect the browser in use and display different content for different browsers.

Detect installed plug-ins and notify the user if a plug-in is required.

We can do much more with JavaScript, including creating entire application.

Advantages

JavaScript can be used for Sever-side and Client-side scripting.

It is more flexible than VBScript.

JavaScript is the default scripting languages at Client-side since all the

browsers supports it.

JAVA DATABASE CONNECTIVITY

JDBCJDBC is a Java API for executing SQL statements. (As a point of interest, JDBC is a

trademarked name and is not an acronym; nevertheless, JDBC is often thought of as standing

for Java Database Connectivity. It consists of a set of classes and interfaces written in the

Java programming language. JDBC provides a standard API for tool/database developers and

makes it possible to write database applications using a pure Java API.

Using JDBC, it is easy to send SQL statements to virtually any relational database. One can

write a single program using the JDBC API, and the program will be able to send SQL

statements to the appropriate database. The combinations of Java and JDBC lets a

programmer write it once and run it anywhere.

What Does JDBC Do?

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Simply put, JDBC makes it possible to do three things:

Establish a connection with a database

Send SQL statements

Process the results.

JDBC connectivity

The JDBC provides database-independent connectivity between the J2EE platform and a

wide range of tabular data sources. JDBC technology allows an Application Component

Provider to:

Perform connection and authentication to a database server

Manager transactions

Move SQL statements to a database engine for preprocessing and execution

Execute stored procedures

Inspect and modify the results from Select statements

SQL

Structured Query Language (SQL) is the language used to manipulate relational databases.

SQL is tied very closely with the relational model.

In the relational model, data is stored in structures called relations or tables.

SQL statements are issued for the purpose of:

Database server

DBMS-proprietary

protocol

Server machine (business

Logic)

HTTP, RMI, or CORBA

calls

Client machine (GUI)

DBMS

ApplicationServer (Java)

JDBC

Java applet orHtml browser

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Data definition:Defining tables and structures in the database (DDL used to create, alter and

drop schema objects such as tables and indexes).

Data manipulation:Used to manipulate the data within those schema objects (DML

Inserting, Updating, Deleting the data, and Querying the Database).

A schema is a collection of database objects that can include: tables, views, indexes and

sequences

List of SQL statements that can be issued against an Oracle database schema are:

ALTER - Change an existing table, view or index definition (DDL)

AUDIT- Track the changes made to a table (DDL)

COMMENT- Add a comment to a table or column in a table (DDL)

COMMIT - Make all recent changes permanent (DML - transactional)

CREATE- Create new database objects such as tables or views (DDL)

DELETE- Delete rows from a database table (DML)

DROP- Drop a database object such as a table, view or index (DDL)

GRANT - Allow another user to access database objects such as tables or views

(DDL)

INSERT - Insert new data into a database table (DML)

No AUDIT- Turn off the auditing function (DDL)

REVOKE - Disallow a user access to database objects such as tables and views

(DDL)

LBACROLK - Undo any recent changes to the database (DML - Transactional)

SELECT - Retrieve data from a database table (DML)

TRUNCATE - Delete all rows from a database table (can not be rolled back) (DML)

UPDATE- Change the values of some data items in a database table (DML)

SERVLETS

Introduction

Servlets provide a Java-based solution used to address the problems currently associated with

doing server-side programming, including inextensible scripting solutions, platform-specific

APIs, and incomplete interfaces.

Servlets are objects that conform to a specific interface that can be plugged into a Java-based

server. Servlets are to the server-side what applets are to the client-side - object byte codes

that can be dynamically loaded off the net. They differ from applets in that they are faceless

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objects (without graphics or a GUI component). They serve as platform independent,

dynamically loadable, pluggable helper byte code objects on the server side that can be used

to dynamically extend server-side functionality.

For example, an HTTP Servlets can be used to generate dynamic HTML content. When you

use Servlets to do dynamic content you get the following advantages:

They’re faster and cleaner than CGI scripts

They use a standard API (the Servlets API)

They provide all the advantages of Java (run on a variety of servers without

needing to be rewritten).

Features of Servlets:

Servlets are persistent. Servlet are loaded only by the web server and can maintain

services between requests.

Servlets are fast. Since Servlets only need to be loaded once, they offer much

better performance over their CGI counterparts.

Servlets are platform independent.

Servlets are extensible. Java is a robust, object-oriented programming language,

which easily can be extended to suit your needs

Servlets are secure.

Servlets can be used with a variety of clients.

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1. Configuring the Admin Tool to setup automatic loading of remote Servlets

2. Setting up server side include tags in. html files

3. Defining a filter chain configuration

Java Server Pages (JSP)

Java server Pages is a simple, yet powerful technology for creating and maintaining

dynamic-content web pages. Based on the Java programming language, Java Server

Pages offers proven portability, open standards, and a mature re-usable component

model .The Java Server Pages architecture enables the separation of content generation

from content presentation. This separation not eases maintenance headaches; it also

allows web team members to focus on their areas of expertise. Now, web page designer

can concentrate on layout, and web application designers on programming, with minimal

concern about impacting each other’s work.

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Steps in the execution of a JSP Application:

1. The client sends a request to the web server for a JSP file by giving the name of the

JSP file within the form tag of a HTML page.

2. This request is transferred to the JavaWebServer. At the server side JavaWebServer

receives the request and if it is a request for a jsp file server gives this request to the

JSP engine.

3. JSP engine is program which can under stands the tags of the jsp and then it converts

those tags into a Servlet program and it is stored at the server side. This Servlet is

loaded in the memory and then it is executed and the result is given back to the

JavaWebServer and then it is transferred back to the result is given back to the

JavaWebServer and then it is transferred back to the client.

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J2EE SERVER

Following the success of the Java platform, the term application server sometimes refers to a

Java Platform--Enterprise Edition (J2EE) or Java EE 5 application server. Among the better

known Java Enterprise Edition application servers are WebLogic Server (BEA), JBoss (Red

Hat), WebSphere (IBM), JRun (Adobe), Apache Geronimo (Apache Foundation, based on

IBM WebSphere), Oracle OC4J (Oracle Corporation), Sun Java System Application Server

(Sun Microsystems) and Glassfish Application Server (based on Sun Java System

Application Server).

The Web modules are servlets and JavaServer Pages, and business logic is built into

Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB-3 and later). The Hibernate project offers an EJB-3 container

implementation for the JBoss Application server. Tomcat from Apache and JOnAS from

ObjectWeb are typical of containers into which these modules can be put.

A Java Server Page (JSP) is a servlet from Java that executes in a Web container—the Java

equivalent of CGI scripts. JSPs are a way to create HTML pages by embedding references to

the server logic within the page. HTML coders and Java programmers can work side by side

by referencing each other's code from within their own. JavaBeans are the independent class

components of the Java architecture from Sun Microsystems.

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ONLINE EXAMINATION SYSTEM

Introduction Online Exams is being launched because a need for a destination that is beneficial for both

institutes and students. With this site, institutes can register and host online exams. Students

can give exams and view their results. This site is an attempt to remove the existing flaws in

the manual system of conducting exams.

fulfills the requirements of the institutes to conduct the exams online. They do not have to go

to any software developer to make a separate site for being able to conduct exams online.

They just have to register on the site and enter the exam details and the lists of the students

which can appear in the exam. Students can give exam without the need of going to any

physical destination. They can view the result at the same time. Thus the purpose of the site is

to provide a system that saves the efforts and time of both the institutes and the students.

What is Online Exams System all about?Online Exams System is a web application that establishes a network between the institutes

and the students. Institutes enter on the site the questions they want in the exam. These

questions are displayed as a test to the eligible students. The answers enter by the students are

then evaluated and their score is calculated and saved. This score then can be accessed by the

institutes to determine the passes students or to evaluate their performance.

Online Exams System provides the platform but does not directly participate in, nor is it

involved in any tests conducted. Questions are posted not by the site, but users of the site.

The site requires an institute to register before posting the questions.

The site has an administrator who keeps an eye on the overall functioning of the system. The

site gets revenue by charging the institutes each time they want to conduct the exam.

The system entitled “Online Exams System”is application software, which aims at providing

services to the institutes and providing them with an option of selecting the eligible students

by themselves. It is developed by using J2EE technology and related database.

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DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

A DFD also known as ‘bubble chart’, has the purpose of clarifying system requirements and

identifying major transformations. It shows the flow of data through a system. It is a

graphical tool because it presents a picture. The DFD may be partitioned into levels that

represent increasing information flow and functional detail. Four simple notations are used to

complete a DFD. These notations are given below:-

DATA FLOW:- The data flow is used to describe the movement of information from one

part of the system to another part. Flows represent data in motion. It is a pipe line through

which information flows.

Data flow is represented by an arrow.

PROCESS:- A circle or bubble represents a process that transforms incoming data to

outgoing data. Process shows a part of the system that transforms inputs to outputs.

EXTERNAL ENTITY:- A square defines a source or destination of system data.

External entities represent any entity that supplies or receive information from the system but

is not a part of the system.

DATA STORE:- The data store represents a logical file. A logical file can represent

either a data store symbol which can represent either a data structure or a physical file on

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disk. The data store is used to collect data at rest or a temporary repository of data. It is

represented by open rectangle.

OUTPUT:-The output symbol is used when a hard copy is produced and the user of the

copies cannot be clearly specified or there are several users of the output.

LEVEL ‘0’ DFD FOR ONLINE EXAMINATION

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PROBLEM DEFINITION A website, ONLINE EXAMINATION FOR YOU, is to be designed to conduct online tests.

Unlike other online examination systems this website should not be just for the students;

instead it should also provide facility to Institutes to host online Tests/Exams. This will help

institutes as:

There will be no need to get new software every time to conduct an online test.

Also like other online websites, it will help students by:

Saving the extra time of going too far away Exam Centre.

Students need not wait for their results.

Also this website will remove the flaws of existing Manual Systems like:

Reducing the manuallabor (Decreases Overheads).

Avoiding Mistakes Due To Human Error (Accurate).

Will Increase Efficiency and Save Time.

Will Allow Neat Handling Of Data Rather Than Error Prone Records.

The institutes will register themselves with a unique login name and password, the unique id

will be issued to the institutes by the website.After login:

They will enter exam details like number of questions, +ve and -ve marks.

Then they will enter the questions along with the answers which can later be deleted

and edited.

Also they will enter the list of eligible candidates with their id names which can also

be edited later.

Institutes will be able to view the students list along with their respective results.

Also for students:

They should be able to login with their id, name and instituteid.

They should be able to give the exam as per the details entered by respective

institutes.

Also they should be able to view their score after test finishes.

If already given the test then they should just be able to view their scores.

Other users can take sample tests to get feel and look of how the online tests are conducted.

Other key points:

Different set of questions should be given to different students.

The questions should be selected randomly from the database.

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REQUIREMENTS

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS It deals with the functionalities required from the system which are as follows:

The website will help the colleges/organizations/companies to conduct their

online exams.

Only authorized person can access related details.

The organization will register themselves on the website for conducting their

exams.

Organizations can change their information regarding themselves.

The students can login through TEST-ID and PASSWORD and give their

exams.

Administrator will be responsible for updating the site.

The organization can change questions and test papers whenever they want.

NON FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS They are the quality requirements that stipulate how well a software does what it has to do.

Performance

No. of terminals to be supported is dependent on the server that we will use at the time of

deployment. The web application server used should provide good performance and ability to

manage performance with techniques such as support for caching. After completing the

exam, the entire score of the student will be calculated as per the rules in less than a second.

Availability

Online Examination site has 24*7 availability. It can be accessed for 24 hours a day. For this

UPS support must be on the server site with a backup of at least 8 hours in case of power

failure. Students can take exam only during the previously allotted time slots, however can

open site anytime to access other information. Colleges can register for the exam anytime.

Reliability

It means the extent to which program performs with required precision. The website

developed should be extremely reliable and secure so that information about any questions

etc. is not leaked before the actual exam is held.

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Usability

The website should be user friendly and should require least effort to operate.

The web server used should provide services like session management to maintain sessions in

the application.

Portability

The website is made using HTML, JSP etc.which are platform independent and can be

transported to other servers with minimum effort.

Flexibility

It is effort required to modify operational program. The whole website should

be made using independent modules so that any changes done in 1 module

should not effect the other one and new modules can be added easily to

increase functionality.

FRONTEND:- (LANGUAGES) J2EE:- Java 2 Enterprise Edition is a programming platform— part of the Java Platform for

developing and running distributed multitier architecture Java applications, based largely on

modular software components running on an application server.

HTTP:- Hypertext Transfer Protocol is a transaction or oriented client/server protocol

between web browser & a Web Server.

APACHE TOMCAT:- Web-server for running j2ee applications over network.

HTML:- HTML ,stands for Hyper Text Markup Language, is a markup language for web

pages. It provides a means to create structured documents including headings, pictures,

objects, lists, links, and other items and can be used to create interactive pages. It can include

or can load scripts in languages such as JAVA SCRIPT which affects the behavior of

HTMML processors like Web Browsers.

BACKEND:- (DATABASE) MY SQL is used as a database. MY SQL is a user friendly user database with no special

skills required to learn it. Database and tables in MY SQL are portable. Users can create

tables, queries, forms and reports, and connect them together with Files.

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TABLES USED IN ONLINE EXAMINATION:

1.student Table

Column Name Datatype Length

Sid Integer 10

Sname Varchar 20

Iname Varchar 20

2.studentList Table

Column Name Datatype Length

StudentId Integer 10

StudentName Varchar 30

3.test Table

Column Name Datatype Length

Qid Integer 10

Question Varchar 200

Option_A Varchar 100

Option_B Varchar 100

Option_C Varchar 100

Option_D Varchar 100

4.answer Table

Column Name Datatype Length

Qid Integer 10

Options Varchar 100

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5.exam Table

Column Name DataType Length

ExameName Varchar 30

TimeLimit Integer 20

NoofQuestion Integer 20

PassingMarks Integer 20

PositiveMarks Integer 20

NegativeMarks Integer 20

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SCREENSHOTS

Index Page:-

Institute Page:-

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Student Login Page:-

About_Us Page:-

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Help Page:-

Contact_Us Page:-

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Student Login Page:-

Questions Page:-

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Exam Details Page:-

Student List Page:-

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After Signup Page:-

Logout Page:-

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FEASABILITY STUDY Once scope has been identified (with the concurrence of the customer), it is reasonable to

ask: “Can we build software to meet this scope? Is the project feasible?” All too often,

software engineers rush past this questions (or are pushed past them by impatient

managers or customers), only to become mired in a project that is doomed from the onset.

When we are developing the system (software), we must know the proposed system will

be feasible or i.e. practically implemented or not it may possible the proposed( candidate )

system may not implemented due to many reasons like it may take long time in

development than the specified time limit ,cost may increase than proposed one etc.

Therefore we must analyze the feasibility of the system.

Feasibility is the analysis of risks, costs & benefits relating to economics, technology &

user operation.

There are several types of feasibility depending on the aspect they covers. Some

important feasibilities is as follows:-

(I) Technical Feasibility

(II) Operational Feasibility

(III) Economical Feasibility

TECHNICAL FEASIBILTIY:- The technically feasibility study basically centers on alternatives for hardware, software and

design approach to determine the functional aspects of system.

This project on Online Examination will be platform independent since it is being coded in

JAVA language (using JSP and SERVLETS).HTML is used to create web pages.

MY SQL database will be used for storing data.

Hardware requirements used are compatible with all O.S. Only authorized person would be

able to use the website so it would be secure. The system can also be expanded as per the

needs of requirement specification.

OPERATIONAL FEASIBILTY Operational Feasibility is a measure of how people are able to work with system. This type of

feasibility demands if the system will work when developed and installed. Since website is

very user friendly so users will find it comfortable to work on this site.

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ECONOMICAL FEASIBILITY Economic analysis is the most frequently used evaluating the effectiveness of proposed

system, more commonly known as Benefit analysis. The Benefit analysis is to determine

benefits and savings which are expected from candidate system and compare them with cost.

If the benefits are more than the cost, then decision is made to design and implement the

system. The cost and benefits may be direct or indirect and tangible or intangible.

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TESTING

Software testing is the process of executing a program with intension of finding

errors in the code. It is a process of evolution of system or its parts by manual or

automatic means to verify that it is satisfying specified or requirements or not.

Generally, no system is perfect due to communication problems between user and

developer, time constraints, or conceptual mistakes by developer.

To purpose of system testing is to check and find out these errors or faults as early as

possible so losses due to it can be saved.

Testing is the fundamental process of software success.

Testing is not a distinct phase in system development life cycle but should be

applicable throughout all phases i.e. design development and maintenance phase.

Testing is used to show incorrectness and considered to success when an error is

detected.

OBJECTIVES OF SOFTWARE TESTING

The software testing is usually performed for the following objectives:-

SOFTWARE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT:-

The computer and the software are mainly used for complex and critical applications and a

bug or fault in software causes severe losses. So a great consideration is required for checking

for quality of software.

VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION:-

Verification means to test that we are building the product in right way .i.e. are we

using the correct procedure for the development of software so that it can meet the

user requirements.

Validation means to check whether we are building the right product or not.

SOFTWARE RELIABILTYESTIMATION:- The objective is to discover the residual

designing errors before delivery to the customer. The failure data during process are taken

down in order to estimate the software reliability.

PRINCIPLES OF SOFTWARE TESTING

Software testing is an extremely creative and challenging task. Some important

principles of software testing are as given:-

All tests should be traceable to customer requirements.

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Testing time and resources should be limited i.e. avoid redundant testing.

It is impossible to test everything.

Use effective resources to test.

Test should be planned long before testing begins i.e. after requirement phase.

Test for invalid and unexpected input conditions as well as valid conditions.

Testing should begin in “in the small” and progress towards testing “in the large”.

For the most effective testing should be conducted by an independent party.

Keep software static (without change mean while) during test.

Document test cases and test results.

Examining what the software not doing which it expected to do and also checking

what it is doing that was not expected to do.

STRATEGY FOR SOFTWARE TESTING . The first level is unit testing. In this testing, individual components are tested to

ensure that they operate correctly. It focuses on verification efforts.

The second level is integration testing. It is a systematic technique for constructing the

program structure. In this testing, many tested modules are combined into the

subsystem which are then tested. The good here is to see if the modules can be

integrated properly.

Third level is integration testing. System testing is actually a series of different tests

whose primary purpose is to fully exercise computer based system. These tests fall

outside scope of software process and are not conducted solely by software engineers.

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CONCLUSION

The On line test System is developed using Java and sql fully meets the objectives of the

system for which it has been developed. The system has reached a steady state where all bugs

have been eliminated. The system is operated at a high level of efficiency and all the teachers

and user associated with the system understands its advantage. The system solves the

problem. It was intended to solve as requirement specification.

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FUTER SCOPE

Scope of this project is very broad in terms of other manually taking exams.

Few of them are:-

This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world.

Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application(user location

doesn’t matter).

No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test .

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I feel immense pleasure in presenting valuable possession of my “course co-ordination” to

Sharda University.

I sincerely thank to my project guide Mr.Vivek Dimri (Asst. Prof. Sharda University) for

guidance and encouragement in carrying out this project work I also wish to express my

gratitude to the officials and other staff members of “Sharda University” who rendered their

help during the period of my project work I wish to avail myself of this opportunity, express a

sense of gratitude and love to my friends and my beloved parents for their manual support,

strength, help and for everything.

I have been fortunate in having dedicated colleagues who took pains and tried to help in

completing this project

ANKIT KUMARIVth Year10SETIT139100102013