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PROJECT REPORT

ON

PREDICTION OF AVERAGE SCALED IMPULSEFOR PARTIALLY CONFINED CHAMBER IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT

FOR COMPLETION OF DEGREE

BECHELOR OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING

At Netaji subhas Institute of technology

Under the Guidance of

Mr. Bijender Kumar Singh Mr.M.P.S Bhatia

Sr. Lecturer Professor

By

Monika 267/CO/06

Tsewang 313/CO/06

Department of Computer Engineering

Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology

(University of Delhi)2006 – 2010

CERTIFICATE

1



This is to certify that the report entitled “ Prediction Of Average Scaled Impulse

for Partially Confined Chamber ” being submitted by Monika and Tsewang in the

Department of Computer Engineering, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, Delhi,

for the award of the degree of “Bachelor of Engineering ” is a bona fide record of the

work carried out by them. They have worked under my guidance and supervision and

have fulfilled the requirements for the submission of this report, which has reached the

requisite standard.

It is further certified that the results contained in this report have not been submitted, in

part or in full, to any other university or institute for the award of any degree or diploma.

Dated: 3rd June, 2010

Mr. Bijendra Kumar Singh Mr. M.P.S.BhatiaSr. Lecturer Professor

Department of Computer Engineering Department of Computer

Engineering

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

2



We take this unique opportunity to express our heartfelt thanks and gratitude to our

respected guide, Mr. Bijendra Kumar Singh, Lecturer and Mr. M.P.S. Bhatia,

Professor , Department of Computer Engineering, NSIT who kindly consented to be

our guide for this project.

I would like to express my gratitude to all those who gave me the possibility to

complete this project. I sincerely thank Shri. J.C. Kapoor, the director, Centre

for Fire,Environment and Explosive Safety (CFEES); who gave me the opportunity to

become a part of this Organsation.

My acknowledge also finds a lot of space for Dr. Chitra Rajagopal (Sc “G”) Head

of XSG who gave me the basis and led my initial step of the project.

This work would not have been possible without the support and encouragement

of my mentor Mr. Trilochan Singh Rathore (Sc “C”) under whose supervision I

choose this topic and began the project. His guidance in the final stages of the

work, has also been abundantly helpful, and has assisted me in numerous ways.

We also owe our thanks to all the faculty members for their constant support and

encouragement.

Monika Tsewang

(267/co/06) (303/co/06)

ABSTRACT

3



This project , being developed as a part of DRDO training project ( Prediction

of Average Scaled impulse for partially confined Chamber ), explores the design and

development of protective structures to resist the affects of accidental explosions,

the principal effects of the explosive output to be considered are Average scaled

impulse and primary fragments based on statistical methods which is capable of

identifying using various interpolation algorithms. Of these two parameters the blast

impulse are usually the governing factor in the determination of structure’s

response.

Choosing of algorithms are on the basis of complexity and accuracy. Designing such

a Chamber structures is a big challenge because data is not linearly separable and

since it has overlapping features, it is not possible to design a Chamber structures with

100% accuracy. This project deals with Chamber structure and weight of explosive.

we used many algorithms to develop software for determining the impulse. This

project used to find the impact on walls.

We also continued this project as our B.Tech project.In this project we have developed

a software that is used for determination of Average scaled impulse. The coding of

the software has been done in VB 6.0. The software has an interactive Graphical User

Interface that takes the user input (by means of a keyboard) and thereafter processes

that input and then give output. This project has given 84% accuracy.

Table Of Contents

4



Certificate…………………………………………………………………2

Acknowledgements………………………………………………………

..3

Abstract………………………………………………………………..….4

CHAPTER 1 …………………………………………………………..8-

12

Effect of explosion

Introduction

Objective

Blast parameter Output

Blast Loading Categories

CHAPTER 2…………………………………………………………13-18

Problem Statement

Problem Statement

Selection Of Algorithms

CHAPTER 3……………………………………………………………..19

Feasibility study

Feasibility study

Types of feasibility

5



CHAPTER 4………………………………………………………….20-24

Requirement Analysis

Requirement Analysis

Information needs of the stakeholders

Problem of exiting system

Characterstis of proposed system

System Requirement

CHAPTER 5…………………………………………………………25-28

Designing the System

Input Design

Output Design

DFD

0 level dfd

1 level dfd

CHAPTER

6………………………………………………………...........29

Implementation

Implememntation Phase

CHAPTER

7………………………………………………………............30

6



Conclusion

Future Scope

APPENDIX A ………………………………………………………..31-

33

APPENDIX B ………………………………………………………..34-

57

References………………………………………………………………..

58

List of Figures

Figure1.1 Air burst blast environmen……………………………………………………12Figure2.1Planviewofroom ……………...…………………………………………….…13

Figure2.2Sectionviewof room……………………………………………………………14

Figure2.3Linearinterpolation…………………………………………………………….15

Figure2.4Cubicinterpolation………………………..........................................................16Figure2.5Hermiteinterpolation………………...................................................................18

Figure5.10leveldfd……………………………………………………..………………...27

Figure5.2Oneleveldfd…………………………………….…………………………...…28

7



8



CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

In the design of protective structures to resist the affects of accidental explosions,

the principal effects of the explosive output to be considered are blast pressure and

primary fragments. Of these two parameters the blast pressure are usually the

governing factor in the determination of structure’s response.

This training project “ PREDICTION OF AVERAGE SCALED IMPULSE

FOR PARTIALLY CONFINED CHAMBER ” is build for Defence Organisation.

This project is used to calculated blast parameters i.e impulse. These parameters

affects the structures when the blast occurs.

By using this application, We can predict the average scaled impulse , which is one

of the important parameters to access the effect of blast on the structure. On the basis

of this parameters. we can predict the safe storage quantity of explosive and its

location inside the storage structure.

OBJECTIVE

• To calculate average scaled impulse on the back wall of a three –wall cubicle

chamber.

• To calculate duration of load.

• To find the effect on walls.

9



BLAST PRESSURE OUTPUT

Blast Phenomena

The blast effects of an explosion are in the form of a shock wave composed of a high

pressure shock front which expands outward from the center of the detonation, with

intensity of the pressure decaying with distance and as a function of time. The magnitude

and distribution of the blast loads on the door, rising from these pressures, are a function

of the explosive properties.

These consist of:

1) Type of explosive material;

2) Its energy output;

3) Weight of the explosive;

4) Location of the explosive relative to the door.

The blast wave pressure is also increased due to reflection and reinforcement by its

interaction with the ground area or the structure in which the door is installed.

TNT Equivalents

The major quantity of blast effects data presented in the project pertains to the blast

pressure output of TNT explosions. These data can be extended to include other

10



potentially mass-detonating materials whose shapes differ from those considered in these

project , by relating the explosive energy of the effective charge weight of these materials

to that of an equivalent weight of TNT. For blast-resistant design in general, the TNT

equivalent should be based upon a pressure and impulse relationship depending upon the

anticipated pressure-design range. Comparison of the heats of detonation of other

explosives can help in determining their TNT equivalences.

BLAST LOADING CATEGORIES

The blast loading on structure can be divided into two main groups:

1) Unconfined explosions

2) partially confined explosions

UNCONFINED EXPLOSIONS.

Free-Air Burst : Free - air burst blast pressures are the blast loadings acting

on a structure due to an explosion in which no amplification of the initial shock

waves occurred.

1. When the shock wave impinges on a surface oriented so that a

line which describes the path of travel of the wave is normal to the

surface, then the point of initial contact is said to sustain the maximum

(normal reflected) pressure and impulse. The peak pressures, impulses,

11



velocities, and other parameters of this shock wave for a bare spherical TNT

explosive charge.

2. For design purposes , the other blast parameters, except the duration of

the

wave, may be taken as those corresponding to the reflected pressure. The

duration of the blast wave corresponds to the duration of the free air pressure.

Surface Burst : An explosion occurring on or very near the ground surface is

considered to be a surface burst.Unlike a free-air burst,the initial wave of the explosion is

reflected and reinforced by the ground surface to produce a reflected wave. There exists

a theoretical procedure used to estimate the magnitude of the incident pressure.

However , the impulse calculated from this method is generally conservative

relative to test results which were used to construct. All of the parameters of the surface

burst environment are larger than those for the free-air environments

Partially Confined Explosions

When an explosion occurs within a structure , the peak pressures associated with

the initial shock front are extremely high and are amplified by their reflection

within the structure.Additionally, the accumulation of gasses from the explosion exert

more pressure and they increase the load duration within the structure. The combined

effects of both pressures can destroy a structure unless adequate venting is provided.

12



The use of cubical type structures with one or more surfaces either sufficiently

frangible or open to atmosphere will normally provide adequate venting. This type

of structure permits a blast wave from an internal explosion to spill over onto the

exterior ground surface in a condition known as "leakage pressure".

Exterior, or leakage pressure loads result when the detonation occurs near the ground

surface and behind an obstruction which interferes with the shock wave before it reaches

the door.

Interior, or high pressure loads result when the detonation is located within - or

immediately adjacent to - a structure,and blast pressures are amplified due to multiple

reflections by the structure as a result of its closeness to the explosion. The

pressures reflected and reinforced within the structure are referred to as " interior

shock front pressures " ,while those pressures accumulated from the gaseous products

of the explosions are identified as "gas pressures".

The term "frangible" pertains to those elements of a structure whose strength and mass or

anchorage are sufficiently weak to minimize the amplification of the shock front

pressures and reduce confinement of the explosive gases by breaking up , falling away, or

opening slightly to provide relief from pressure.

13



Figure 1.1 Air burst blast environment

14



CHAPTER 2

PROBLEM STATEMENT

In this project, We are predicting the value of Average Scaled Impuse from the

logarithms curve. According to predicted Impulse, we design the chamber structure.In

this project we have work on how to calculate Average Scaled Impulse values for

different length/height ratio , length/distance from explosive.

We have lots of logarithms curve for impulse.Firstly we store the values of impulse and

length/distance from explosive. After this we are calculating the values of impulse

by just entering the values of chamber structure location of explosive from wall and

weight of explosive.

15



There is plan view and secation view of chamber structure.

W

RA

BACKWALL

PLAN VIEW

Figure 2.1 Plan View

RA represents distance of explosive materials from the backwall

W represents weight of explosive.

16



H

L

l

h

W

SECTIO N VIEW

Figure 2.2 Section View

In these figure

H : represents height of chamber

17



L : represents length of chamber

h : represents distance from wall to explosive materials

l :represents distance from ground to explosive materials

According to chamber structure, we are calculating the value of Average Scaled Impulse.

For calculating the value of Average Scaled Impulse, we are using many Algorithms.

SELECTION OF ALGORITHMS

Interpolation methods

We are using the interpolation methods to calculate the value of Average

Scaled Impulse from database which not lie in database but lie within 1 and 1000.

In this, we have lot of methods for interpolation. we have studying the following

Methods.

I. Linear Interpolation

II. Cubic Interpolation

III. Hermite Interpolation

LINEAR INTERPOLATION :

Linear interpolation is the simplest method of getting values at positions in between

the data points. The points are simply joined by straight line segments. Each

segment (bounded by two data points) can be interpolated independently. As with

18



subsequent more interesting methods, a snippet of plain C code will server to describe

mathematics.

double LinearInterpolate(double x1,doubley1,doublex2,doubley2,double x3){

return(y1 + ((x3 - x1) * (y2 - y1)) / (x2 - x1)

}

Figure 2.3 LINEAR INTERPOLATION

CUBIC INTERPOLATION :

Cubic interpolation is the simplest method that offers true continuity between the

segments. As such it requires more than just the two endpoints of the segment but also

the two points on either side of them. So the function requires 4 points in all labeled

y0, y1, y2, and y3, in the code below.mu still behaves the same way for interpolating

between the segment y1 to y2. This does raise issues for how to interpolate between the

first and last segments. A common solution is the dream up two extra points at the start

and end of the sequence, the new points are created so that they have a slope equal to the

slope of the start or end segment.

double CubicInterpolate( double y0,double y1,double y2,double y3,double mu)

19



{

double a0,a1,a2,a3,mu2;

mu2 = mu*mu;

a0 = y3 - y2 - y0 + y1;

a1 = y0 - y1 - a0;

a2 = y2 - y0;

a3 = y1;

return(a0*mu*mu2+a1*mu2+a2*mu+a3);

}

Figure 2.4 CUBIC INTERPOLATION

HERMITE INTERPOLATION :

Hermite interpolation like cubic requires 4 points so that it can achieve a higher

degree of continuity. In addition it has nice tension and biasing controls. Tension can

be used to tighten up the curvature at the known points. The bias is used to twist the

curve about the known points. The examples shown here have the default tension and

20



bias values of 0, it will be left as an exercise for the reader to explore different tension

and bias values.

/*

Tension: 1 is high, 0 normal, -1 is low

Bias: 0 is even,

positive is towards first segment,

negative towards the other

*/

double HermiteInterpolate(double y0,double y1,double y2,double y3,double mu,double

tension,double bias)

{

double m0,m1,mu2,mu3;

double a0,a1,a2,a3;

mu2 = mu * mu;

mu3 = mu2 * mu;

m0 = (y1-y0)*(1+bias)*(1-tension)/2;

m0 += (y2-y1)*(1-bias)*(1-tension)/2;

m1 = (y2-y1)*(1+bias)*(1-tension)/2;

m1 += (y3-y2)*(1-bias)*(1-tension)/2;

a0 = 2*mu3 - 3*mu2 + 1;

a1 = mu3 - 2*mu2 + mu;

a2 = mu3 - mu2;

a3 = -2*mu3 + 3*mu2;

21



return(a0*y1+a1*m0+a2*m1+a3*y2);

}

Figure 2.5 HERMITE INTERPOLATION We tried above interpolation methods for project but from above we chosen

linear interpolation algorithm because it gives 84% accuracy for determining the

values from the file because linear interpolation require less memory and execution

time than cubic and hermite interpolation.

We have selected linear interpolation for the project.

22



CHAPTER 3

FEASIBILITY STUDY

A feasibility study is an evaluation of a proposal designed to determine the difficulty in

carrying out a designated task. Generally, a feasibility study precedes technical

development and project implementation. In other words, a feasibility study is an

evaluation or analysis of the potential impact of a proposed project.

Feasibility study explores system requirements to determine project feasibility.

All projects are feasible given unlimited resources and infinite time.

Feasibility can be categorized into :

Technology and system feasibility

The assessment is based on an outline design of system requirements in terms of

Input, Processes, Output, Fields, Programs, and Procedures. This can be quantified in

terms of volumes of data, trends, frequency of updating, etc. in order to estimate

whether the new system will perform adequately or not. Technological feasibility is

carried out to determine whether the company has the capability , in terms of

software , hardware, personnel and expertise, to handle the completion of the project.

Legal feasibility

Determines whether the proposed system conflicts with legal requirements, e.g. a

data processing system must comply with the local Data Protection Acts.

23



CHAPTER 4

REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS

1.Introduction

1.1 Purpose

This document states the requirements of a average scaled impulse for

defence oragnisation. The requirements stated serve as the basis for the acceptance

procedure of this system. The document is also intended as a starting point for the design

phase.

1.2 Scope

The intended product serves as an efficient product that calculate the average

scaled impulse for design the structure.Its purpose is to speed up the process of the

calculating the average scaled impulse. More details of the performance requirements

are given in section 3.3 of this document.

1.3 Terminology Used

User: This term refers to the person who use the software.

Backend : It refers to the system which calculate the value of average scaled impulse.

1.4 References

www.google.com

1.5 Overview

The intended audience for this SRS of “ PREDICTION OF AVERAGE

SCALED IMPULSE FOR PARTIALLY CONFINED CHAMBER” are project

team members ,system analyst, testers, documentation specialist, designers,

maintenance people and the users/customers of the system who will using this

24



document for developing the system. Section 2 will give a general overview of the

system.These functions are categorized according to the class of user they support.

2. Overall Description

2.1 Product Perspective

This product aims at easily calculating the value of average scaled Impulse and

to completely automate the functionality of the system.

2.2 Product Functions

Function by which calculation of average scaled impulse is done.

2.3 User Characteristics

The person operating this system will be an employee of defence organisation and

assumed to be trained and have a little knowledge of this system.

2.4 constraints

There are no design constraints as such.

3. Specific Requirements

3.1 Data Requirements

To represent the functional view we will be using the DFD.

3.2 Functional Requirement

3.2.1 Calculation Function

3.2.1.1 Brief description: After selecting the input form, input form

appears,by filling the information, calculation is done.

3.3.1.2 Inputs: Room structure ,its location and weight of explosive is being

filled.

25



3.3.1.3 Outputs: A output form appears showing that calculating the average

scaled impulse is done successfully.

3.3 Performance Requirements

To store all the information around some memory space is required.

3.4 Design Constraints

There are no design constraints as such.

3.5 Non Functional Requirements

3.5.1 Availability

The system should be available for life time.

3.5.2 Security

The system is made secure by providing valid user id and password.

3.5.3 Maintainability

The software, while being used encounter error. The errors are used as a motivation

to improve on

previous versions of the software.

INFORMATION NEEDS OF THE STAKEHOLDERS

Analysis of the information needs of the stakeholders is an important first step in

determining the requirements of the new system. It is essential that the analyst

understands the environment in which the new system will operate. Understanding the

Environment means knowing enough about the management of the organization,

its structure, its people, its business, and the current information systems to ensure that

the new system will be appropriate.

26



EXITING SYSTEM

Exiting system are book system.There are lot of curve in books. Calculate the value of

Average scaled Impulse from that curve are very difficult. Calculating the values of

average scaled impulse from this curve by using pencil,scale and paper.

This is too time consuming .This system is error-prone.

PROBLEM OF EXITING SYSTEM

1. Not user friendly : The exiting system is not user friendly because

maintaining the data and performing the calculations manually is really

difficult.

2. Time consuming : Doing the calculations manually is really time

consuming.The scientists really want to save the time so that they can

devote extra time to other activities.

3. Lot of paperwork : Existing system requires lot of paper work and

even a Small transaction require many papers fill. Moreover any unnatural cause

(such as fire in the organiszation) can destroy all data of organization. Loss of even

a single paper led to difficult situation because all the papers are interrelated.

27



PROPOSED SYSTEM

We are designing the software for predication of average scaled impulse. In this system,

We will enter the parameters of chamber ,location of explosive and weight of explosive.

By just kicking the calculate button ,we will get the average scaled impulse.

This system is less time comsuming and error free.

CHARACTERSTIC OF PROPOSED SYSTEM

1. User friendly :The project gives the user friendly environment which

give the way of working in more efficient manner and processing of data is

fast .Moreover the graphical user interface is provided in the proposed system

which provides user to deal with the system very easily.

2. Time saving : Doing the complex scientific calculations by the Takes

less as compared to the doing the same thing manually . This saves a lot of

time.

3. No or very few paperwork : The proposed system either do not

require paper work or very few paper work required.All the data is fetched

into the computer. Immediately and calculatons can be done through

computers.since all the results are kept in a database no data of the

organization can be destroyed. Moreover work becomes very easy because there

is no need to keep data on papers.

28



SYSTEM REQUIREMENT

Hardware Specification:-

It is recommended that the minimum configuration for clients is as appended below:-

Suggested Configuration of Windows clients:-

Microprocessor : Pentium-2 class processor, 450 megahertz (MHz)

Ram : 128 MB of RAM

Hard Disk : 2.5 gigabytes

CD ROM Drive : 52 X CD ROM Drive

29



DESIGNING THE SYSTEMINPUT DESIGN

Input design is part of overall system design,which requires any careful attention.often

the collection of input data is most expensive part of system.In term of point the

equipment’s used and the number of people involved, it is the most contact point for the

user with the computer system.

The following points were considered during input design:

• Controlling amount of input

•

Avoiding delay

• Avoiding error in data

• Eliminating extra spsces

• Keeping the process simple

• Size, color and arrangement of forms based on above-mentioned the input

form and screen of inventory control system were designed.

OUTPUT DESIGN

All the screens of inventory control system are developed with view to provide the

user with easy operation in a simple and efficient way with minimum possible

keystrokes.

Instruction and important message reflects on the screen. Almost every screen is

provided with option selection facilities.

30



Much emphasis is given on speedy processing and speedy translation between

the screens. Each screen is designed to make it as much user friendly as possible. All

the necessary input forms were designed.

DFD

The Data flow Diagram shows the flow of data. It is generally made of symbols given

below :

A square shows the Entity.

A Circle shows the Process

An open Ended Rectangle shows the data store.

An arrow shows the data flow.

The DFD can be up to several levels. The 0 level DFD states the flow of data in the

system as seen from the outward in each module.

The first level DFD show more detail, about the single process of the 0 level DFD

The second level DFD can show even more details and so on.

31



O LEVEL DFD

Figure 5.1

LOGIN

User

LOGIN

DATABAS

32



ONE LEVEL DFD

Figure 5.2

LOGINUser

INPUT

PARAMTERS

CALCULATE

GENERATE

OUTPUT

33



CHAPTER 6 IMPLEMENTATION PHASE

The prediction of Average scaled Impulse software has been developed in VB 6.0.The

entire code is given in Appendix B

The prediction of Average scaled Impulse software is software that is used to determine

the Average Scaled Impulse. In this system, We will enter the parameters of chamber

,location of explosive and weight of explosive. By just kicking the calculate button ,we

will get the average scaled impulse.

This software consists of three page:

First page is a login page which has user name and password. This page is for security.

Second page is an input page which has inputs like parameters of room, location of

explosive and weight of explosive.

Third page is an output page which has output like Average scaled impulse. There are so

many functions in third page for detemining Average Scaled impulse.

CHAPTER 7

34



CONCLUSION

This project is used to determine the value of Average scaled Impulse from the

logarithmic curve according to the length/height ratio of chamber.

The main advantage of this project is all the procedure in this project is automatic accept

the entry of data from the user.Second,The project gives the user-friendly environment,

which gives the way of working in more efficient manner.Third ,This project gives 84%

accuracy.

VB 6.0 was used as the building tool due to its object oriented features and ease of use as

compared to others.

During the course of the development of the tool, various algorithms and technologies

were studied before arriving at the final solution. These were the numerical approaches to

software.

FUTURE SCOPE

There is a scope of extending the features in different ways:

we can also determine all others parameter of blast like time of duration and time of

arrival.

we can also show the logarithmic curve of Average scaled Impulse for all value of

length/height ratio of chamber.

APPENDIX A

35



SAMPLE OUTPUT

LOGIN PAGE

INPUT PAGE

36



37



OUTPUT PAGE

APPENDIX B

38



CODE

Login Form

Private Sub Command1_Click()Dim username As StringDim password As Stringusername = Trim(Text1.Text)password = Trim(Text2.Text)If ((username = "monika") And (password = "123456")) ThenForm2.ShowMe.HideElse

MsgBox ("invalid username or password")End IfEnd SubPrivate Sub Form_Load()End Sub

Input Form

Public Sub Command1_Click()

Form3.ShowMe.ShowMe.HideEnd Sub

Public Sub Text1_keypress(keyascii As Integer)

If Not (keyascii >= Asc("0") And keyascii <= Asc("9") Orkeyascii = ("46") Or keyascii=Asc(vbBack)) Then

keyascii = 0BeepEnd If

'If (InStr(Text1.Text, ".") > 0) Then'Beep'End IfEnd Sub

39



Private Sub Frame1_DragDrop(Source As Control, X As Single,Y As Single)End Sub

Private Sub ta_keypress(keyascii As Integer)

If Not (keyascii >= Asc("0") And keyascii <= Asc("9") Orkeyascii = ("46") Or keyascii = Asc(vbBack)) Thenkeyascii = 0BeepEnd IfEnd Sub




If Not (keyascii >= Asc("0") And keyascii <= Asc("9") Orkeyascii = ("46") Or keyascii = Asc(vbBack)) Thenkeyascii = 0

BeepEnd IfEnd Sub


If Not (keyascii >= Asc("0") And keyascii <= Asc("9") Orkeyascii = ("46") Or keyascii = Asc(vbBack)) Thenkeyascii = 0BeepEnd If

End Sub


If Not (keyascii >= Asc("0") And keyascii <= Asc("9") Orkeyascii = ("46") Or keyascii = Asc(vbBack)) Thenkeyascii = 0Beep

40



End IfEnd Sub



Output Form

Private Sub back_Click()End Sub

Public Sub Command1_Click()Call calculateEnd Sub

Function interpolation(x1 As Double, y1 As Double, x2 AsDouble, y2 As Double, x3 As Double) As Double If (0.1 <= x3 <= 1000) Then

interpolation = y1 + ((x3 - x1) * (y2 - y1)) / (x2 -x1)

ElseMsgBox "invalid range"

End If

End FunctionFunction search(path As String) As Double

Dim tmp As DoubleDim emp As DoubleDim count As IntegerDim bolean As Integer

Dim cb As DoubleDim lengt1 As DoubleDim acs As DoubleDim point1 As DoubleDim point2 As DoubleDim point3 As DoubleDim point4 As DoubleDim low As Double

41



Dim high As DoubleDim imp2 As Double

low = 0.1high = 1000

'correct initial value of low and high

Open path For Input As #1While EOF(1) = 0

Input #1, tmp, emp

lengt1 = (Form2.ta.Text) / (Form2.Text6.Text)If (Val(tmp) = lengt1) Then

Form3.Text1.Text = Val(emp)bolean = 1

End IfIf (bolean = 0) Then

cb = Val(tmp)

If (cb < lengt1 And cb >= low) Then

low = cbpoint1 = cbpoint2 = Val(emp)

ElseIf (cb > lengt1 And cb <= high) Then

high = cbpoint3 = cbpoint4 = Val(emp)

Else

End IfEnd IfWend

Close #1search = interpolation(point1, point2,

point3, point4, lengt1) End FunctionPublic Function check(ab() As Double, ac() As Double, lhaAs Double) As Double

42



Dim imp1 As Double If (0.625 <= lha < 1.25) Then

check = interpolation(ab(0), ac(0), ab(1), ac(1), lha) ElseIf (1.25 <= lha < 2.5) Then

check = interpolation(ab(1), ac(1), ab(2), ac(2),lha) ElseIf (2.5 <= lha <= 5) Then

check = interpolation(ab(2), ac(2), ab(3), ac(3), lha)

ElseMsgBox "not in range"

End IfEnd Function

Public Function calculate()Dim ac(3) As DoubleDim ab(3) As Doubleab(0) = 0.625ab(1) = 1.25ab(2) = 2.5

ab(3) = 5Dim lratio As DoubleDim hratio As DoubleDim raratio As DoubleDim lenheiratio As DoubleDim za As DoubleDim imp3 As DoubleDim op As DoubleDim op1 As Double

lratio = Form2.Text3.Text / Form2.ta.Text

hratio = Form2.Text4.Text / Form2.Text2.Textraratio = Form2.ta.Text / Form2.Text6.Textlenheiratio = Form2.ta.Text / Form2.Text2.Textop = 1.2 * (Form2.Text5.Text)op1 = (op) ^ (1 / 3)za = Form2.Text6.Text / op1If (0.1 <= hratio And hratio <= 0.25) Then

If (0.1 <= lratio And lratio <= 0.25) Then

43



If (0.1 < za And za <= 0.25) Then

ac1 = search("c:\graph\z1.625.25.tsr")ac(0) = ac1

ac2 = search("c:\graph\z1.1.25.25.tsr")ac(1) = ac2

ac3 = search("c:\graph\z1.2.5.25.tsr")ac(2) = ac3

ac4 = search("c:\graph\z1.50.25.tsr")ac(3) = ac4

imp3 = check(ab(), ac(), raratio) / op1

Form3.Text1.Text = imp3

ElseIf (0.25 < za And za <= 0.5) Then

ac(0) = search("c:\graph\z1.625.50.tsr")

ac(1) =search("c:\graph\z1.1.25.50.tsr")

ac(2) = search("c:\graph\z1.2.5.50.tsr")




ElseIf (0.5 < za And za <= 1) Then

ac(0) =

search("c:\graph\z1.625.100.tsr")

ac(1) =

search("c:\graph\z1.1.25.100.tsr")




44




ElseIf (1 < za And za <= 2) Then

ac(0) = search("c:\graph\z1.625.200.tsr") ac(1) =













Else

MsgBox "value of z is not in range"

End If

ElseIf (0.25 < lratio And lratio < 0.5 Or lratio =

0.75) ThenIf (0.1 < za And za <= 0.25) Then

ac(0) = ("c:\graph\z2.625.25.tsr")

ac(1) = ("c:\graph\z2.1.25.25.tsr")

ac(2) = ("c:\graph\z2.2.5.25.tsr")

45



ac(3) = ("c:\graph\z2.5.25.tsr")

imp3 = check(ab(), ac(),

lenheiratio) / op1



ac(0) = ("c:\graph\z2.625.50.tsr")

ac(1) = ("c:\graph\z2.1.25.50.tsr")

ac(2) = ("c:\graph\z2.2.5.50.tsr")

ac(3) = ("c:\graph\z2.5.50.tsr")

imp3 = check(ab(), ac(),lenheiratio) / op1



ac(0) = ("c:\graph\z2.625.100.tsr")

ac(1) = ("c:\graph\z2.1.25.100.tsr")

ac(2) = ("c:\graph\z2.2.5.100.tsr")

ac(3) = ("c:\graph\z2.5.100.tsr")


lenheiratio) / op1



ac(0) = ("c:\graph\z2.625.200.tsr")

ac(1) = ("c:\graph\z2.1.25.200.tsr")

ac(2) = ("c:\graph\z2.2.5.200.tsr")

ac(3) = ("c:\graph\z2.5.200.tsr")

46




lenheiratio) / op1



ac(0) = ("c:\graph\z2.625.400.tsr")

ac(1) = ("c:\graph\z2.1.25.400.tsr")

ac(2) = ("c:\graph\z2.2.5.400.tsr")

ac(3) = ("c:\graph\z2.5.400.tsr")


Form3.Text1.Text = imp3Else

MsgBox "value of z is not in range"End If

ElseIf (0.5 <= lratio And lratio < 0.75) Then

If (0.1 < za And za <= 0.25) Then

ac(0) =search("c:\graph\z3.625.25.tsr")







47















lenheiratio) / op1




ac(1) =




48




lenheiratio) / op1









ElseMsgBox "value of z is not in range"

End If

End If

ElseIf (0.25 < hratio And hratio <= 0.5) ThenIf (0.1 <= lratio And lratio <= 0.25) Then

If (0.1 < za And za <= 0.25) Then



ac(2) =




49













ac(1) =








50






imp3 = check(ab(), ac(), lenheiratio) /op1







imp3 = check(ab(), ac(), lenheiratio) /

op1



End If

ElseIf (0.25 <= lratio And lratio < 0.5 Or lratio =

0.75) ThenIf (0.1 < za And za <= 0.25) Then

ac(0) =



51



ac(2) =













ac(0) =






lenheiratio) / op1


52













ac(2) =





Else


End If

ElseIf (0.5 <= lratio And lratio < 0.75) ThenIf (0.1 < za And za <= 0.25) Then

53















lenheiratio) / op1







54





ElseIf (1 < za And za <= 2) Then ac(0) =














Else


End IfEnd If

55



ElseIf (0.5 <= hratio And hratio < 0.75) ThenIf (0.1 <= lratio And lratio < 0.25) Then

If (0.1 < za And za <= 0.25) Then










ac(2) =


ac(3) = search("c:\graph\z.50.50.tsr")






56














ac(0) =





imp3 = check(ab(), ac(), lenheiratio) /

op1



57



End If

ElseIf (0.25 <= lratio And lratio < 0.5 Or lratio =0.75) Then

If (0.1 < za And za <= 0.25) Then









ac(1) =







ac(0) =



58



ac(2) =













ac(0) =






lenheiratio) / op1


59




End IfElseIf (0.5 <= lratio And lratio < 0.75) Then

If (0.1 < za And za <= 0.25) Then









ac(1) =







ac(0) =



60



ac(2) =













ac(0) =






lenheiratio) / op1


61




End IfEnd If

ElseIf (hratio = 0.75) ThenIf (0.1 <= lratio And lratio < 0.25) ThenIf (0.1 < za And za <= 0.25) Then

ac(0) =













lenheiratio) / op1



62

















ac(0) =




63







End If

ElseIf (0.25 <= lratio And lratio < 0.5 Or lratio =0.75) Then

If (0.1 < za And za <= 0.25) Then






lenheiratio) / op1





ac(2) =




64













ac(1) =


ac(2) = search("c:v\z11.2.5.200.tsr")





ac(0) =



65



ac(2) =


ac(3) =

search("c:\graph\z11.5.400.tsr") imp3 = check(ab(), ac(),

lenheiratio) / op1



End IfElseIf (0.5 <= lratio And lratio < 0.75) Then

If (0.1 < za And za <= 0.25) Then






lenheiratio) / op1







66













ac(1) =








67









End If

End IfElse

MsgBox "value of height is not in range"End IfEnd Function

Private Sub Command2_Click()End

End SubPrivate Sub command3_Click()Form2.ShowMe.ShowMe.HideEnd Sub

Private Sub Form_Load()End Sub

68



REFERENCES

1. .DRDO Books.

2. ”Design of Blast Resistant Construction for Atomic Explosions” C.S. Whitney,

B.G. Anderson and E. Cohen , Journal of the American Concrete Institution,March,1955.

3. ”Structures to Resist the Effects of Accidental Explosions”

Department of the Army, the Navy and the Air Force, June 1969.

4. “Blast Resistant Structures”

Naval Facilities Engineering Command 200 Stovall Street Alexandria, Virginia

22332-2300.

5. ”Informatics Practices for vb6.0”

Sumita Arora 2007.

6. ”Software Engineering for SRS” Pankaj Jalote

An Integrated Approach to Software Engineering, Third Edition,2008.

project report on graph reader

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