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schuine kaderlijn 4º
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41th Meeting of the section Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics
Program and abstracts10 and 11 October 2017
Conference center De Werelt Lunteren
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41th Meeting of the section Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics (AMO)
Program and abstracts
Conference center De Werelt Lunteren
October 10 and 11 2017
Scientific Commitee :
Giel Berden • Klaas-Jan van Druten • Kjeld Eikema • Martin van Exter
• Ronald Hanson • Steven Hoekstra • Femius Koenderink
Servaas Kokkelmans • Bas .v.d. Meerakker • Herman Offerhaus (chair)
Dries van Oosten • Paul Planken • Caspar van der Wal
Program Committee : Ronald Hanson • Klaasjan van Druten
This meeting is organized under the auspices of the NNV-section Atomic, Molecular and Optical
Physics, with financial of The Netherlands Foundation of Scientific Research Institutes.
Conference coordination :
Erna Gouwens (RU)
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Tuesday 10 October 2017
10.00 Arrival, registration10.40 Opening by the chair of the section AMO Herman Offerhaus
chair : Bas van der Meerakker10.45 I 1 Ewine F. van Dishoeck (Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, the Netherlands) “Molecules from clouds to stars and planets: sweet results”
11.30 Short lectures: (Europa room) O 1 Sandra Wiersma (FELIX Laboratory, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University) “Deuterium versus hydrogen in astronomical Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons” O 2 Matthew J. Weaver (Leiden University and University of California at Santa Barbara) “Coherent state transfer between two resonators in an optomechanical system” O 3 Vincent Barbé (Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam) “Magnetic Feshbach resonances between alkali and alkaline-earth elements” O 4 J. Scheers (Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography, Amsterdam) “Spectroscopic studies on Sn plasma”12.30 Lunch
chair : Ronald Hanson 14.00 I 2 Tracy Northup (University Innsbruck, Austria) “Trapped-ion interfaces for quantum networks”
14.45 Short lectures : (Europa room) O 5 Ruslan Röhrich (Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF) “Polarimetric and interferometric measurement of orbital angular momentum imparted by single plasmon nano-antennas” O 6 Said R.K. Rodriguez (Nanophotonics, Debye Institute, Utrecht University) “Probing a dissipative phase transition via dynamical optical hysteresis”
Tuesday 10 October 2017
15.15 Coffee/tea break (attach posters) 15.45 Short lectures: (Europa room)
O 7 Robert J. Rengelink (LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) “Precision spectroscopy in ultracold helium inside a magic wavelength trap” O 8 Jelmer J. Renema (Debye Institute for Nanomaterials, Utrecht) “Faraday excitations in a Bose-Einstein condensate” O 9 Paul Mestrom (Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven) “Finite-range Efimov physics in the Unitary Bose gas” O 10 John P. Mathew (AMOLF) “Optical circulation based on radiation pressure”
16.45 Poster presentations (odd numbers) 18.00 Dinner (restaurant) 19.15 Poster presentations (even numbers)
chair: Klaasjan van Druten21.15 I 3 Tiemen Coquyt (Museum Boerhaave, Leiden)
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Wednesday 11 October 2017
08.00 Breakfast (restaurant, please remove the luggage from your room)10.40 Opening by the chair of the section AMO Herman Offerhaus
chair : Femius Koenderink08.45 I 4 Jeremy J. Baumberg (NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, UK) “Molecular Optomechanics using sub-nm light confinement”
09.30 Short talks (Europa room) O 11 Evangelos Marakis (MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente) “Reproducibility of deterministic multiple scattering media via direct laser writing” O 12 Niels F.W. Ligterink (Leiden Observatory / Sackler Laboratory for Astrophysics) “Laboratory and observational investigation of the interstellar molecule CH
3NCO” O 13 R.U. Skannrup (Eindhoven University of Technology) “Magic trapping of Rydberg atoms in tight magnetic microtraps” O 14 Niels van Hoof (DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research) “Lattice of detuned resonators induces diffraction enhanced transparency (DET)”
10.30 Coffee/tea break
chair : Herman Offerhaus11.00 I 5 Maria Garcia-Parajo (The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Castelldefels, Spain) “Current challenges in optical nanoscopy: from sub-nanometer resolution to multicolor capabilities”
11.45 Short talks : (Europa room) O 15 Julius J.M. de Hond (Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam) “Exploring collective effects through Rydberg interactions on atom chips”
O 16 Sebastiaan Greveling (Debye Institute for NanoMaterials Science and EMMEPH, Utrecht University) “Polarization of a Bose-Einstein condensate of light”
O 17 Youwen Fan (Laser Physics and Nonlinear Optics group, MESA+, University of Twente) “A chip-based InP-Si3N4 hybrid laser with ultra-high coherence”
O 18 Theo Cremers (Spectroscopy of Cold Molecules, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University) “Preparing beams of paramagnetic molecules and atoms by multistage Zeeman deceleration for scattering experiments”
12.45 Lunch
chair : Herman Offerhaus13.55 Presentation winner poster award
chair : Steven Hoekstra O 19 Rick van Bijnen (Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Innsbruck, Austria) “Fully programmable all-to-all interactions with Rydberg-dressed atoms” O 20 Henk Snijders (Leiden University) “Solid state non-linear quantum dot based light source” O 21 Laura Dreissen (LaserLaB , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) “Ramsey-comb spectroscopy for QED tests in H2 and the proton radius puzzle” 14.50 I 6 David DeMille (Yale University, New Haven, United States of America) “Using molecular beams to probe the frontiers of particle and nuclear physics” 15.40 Finish
Wednesday 11 October 2017
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One of the most exciting developments in astronomy is the discovery of thousands of planets around stars other than our Sun. But how do these exo-planets form, and which chemical ingredients are available to build them? Thanks to powerful new telescopes, such as the Herschel Space Observatory and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), astronomers are starting to address these age-old questions scientifically. Stars and planets are born in the cold and tenuous clouds between the stars in the Milky Way. In spite of the extremely low temperatures and densities, a surprisingly rich and interesting chemistry occurs in these interstellar clouds, as evidenced by the detection of nearly 200 different molecules. Highly accurate spectroscopic data and knowledge of molecular processes under `exotic’conditions are key to their identification. Examples of the continued need and close interaction between laboratory work and astronomical observations will be given..ALMA now allows us to zoom in on solar system construction sites for the first time. Spectral scans of the birth sites of young stars contain tens of thousands of rotational lines. Water and a surprisingly rich variety of organic materials are found, including sim-ple sugars and high abundances of deuterated species. How are these molecules formed? Can these pre-biotic molecules end up on new planets and form the basis for life else-where in the universe? Stay tuned for the latest analyses and also a for comparison with recent results from the Rosetta mission to comet 67 P/C-G in our own Solar System.
See www.strw.leidenuniv.nl/WISH for recent outreach material
Figure: Herschel-HIFI spectrum of water in a star-forming region (van Dishoeck et al. 2013, Chemical Reviews, 113, 9043
Molecules from clouds to stars and planets: sweet results
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Ewine F. van DishoeckLeiden Observatory,
Leiden University, The Netherlands
Sandra Wiersma1,2, Alessandra Candian,3, Giel Berden1, Michal Masny1, Steven Holle-man1, Jos Oomens1, and Annemieke Petrignani2, 1 FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 2 Molecular Photonics, HIMS, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 3Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands
All deuterium in our Universe was formed during the Big Bang nucleosynthesis era, and was uniformly distributed. However, stellar consumption of deuterium alone cannot account for all the missing deuterium in our Universe. One hypothesis is that this deuterium is stored in large Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. These PAHs are widely observed in the infrared emission bands of the interstellar medium. DFT-cal-culations allow us to estimate the concen-trations of hetero-atoms, but experimental research is needed to validate these models. We present the infrared absorption spectra of both protonated, perdeuterated PAHs as well as deuteronated PAHs, measured with the free-electron laser FELIX. We propose a scrambling mechanism for hydrogen atoms on the PAH molecules, which could lead to a novel approach in the calculations concerning the D/H ratio in the ISM.
Matthew J. Weaver, Frank Buters, Fernando Luna, Hedwig Eerkens, Kier Heeck, Sven de Man, and Dirk BouwmeesterLeiden University and University of California at Santa Barbara
Optomechanical systems are a promising platform for tests of fundamental physics and quantum information. A useful ex-tension is to include interactions between mechanical modes with different frequen-cies, which are naturally uncoupled. In our recent paper: arXiv:1704.02394, we use the optomechanical interaction to couple and swap energy coherently between multiple resonators with differing mass, frequency and spatial position. I will discuss these results and more recent extensions to other geometries of coupled resonators. This technique provides a basis for quantum state transfer and entanglement generation in an optomechanical system cooled to the quantum regime.
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Deuterium versus hydrogen in astronomical Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
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Coherent state transfer between two resonators in an optomechanical system
Acknowledgments: The experimental work was supported by The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). AP acknowledges NWO for a VIDI grant (723.014.007). AC
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V. Barbé, A. Ciamei, L. Reichsöllner, B. Pasquiou, and F. Schreck Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam
Magnetic Feshbach resonances are widely used to control interactions between atoms or to associate them into diatomic molecules. However, in ultracold mixtures of alkali and alkaline-earth atoms, the usual resonance mechanisms are forbidden because ground-state alkaline-earth atoms have no electronic magnetic moment. Instead, another mechanism exists: the hyperfine interaction between the nuclear spin of fermionic alkaline-earth atoms and the electronic spin of alkali atoms gives rise to Feshbach resonances. We report on the first experimental observation of such Feshbach resonances, probed by quantum-state selective loss spectroscopy of ultracold 87Rb87Sr mixtures in dipole traps. We also pres-ent our theoretical interpretation of the resonance positions. This new mechanism opens a route towards magneto-association of 87Rb and 87Sr into weakly-bound mole-cules via adiabatic transfer.
J. Scheers1,2, A. Ryabtsev3, A. Borschevskey4, F. Torretti1,2, R. Schupp1, D.Kurilovich1,2, A. Bayerle1, R. Hoekstra1,4 , W. Ubachs1,2, and O. O. Versolato
1 Advanced Research Center for Nanolithogra-phy, Amsterdam, The Netherlands2 Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands3 Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation4 University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
The environment of a laser-produced plasma source of extreme ultra-violet light provides many opportunities for spec-troscopic investigations. High-resolution passive optical spectroscopy of such a plasma contains spectral lines from Sn I to Sn V (Sn4+). Surprisingly little is known about the charge states Sn IV and V. Charge-state resolving measurements in the optical regime help clarify the atomic structure of these ions. The dynamics of the laser-produced plasma emerging from tin droplets are further investigated using nanosecond temporally- and spatially resolved spectroscopy.
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Magnetic Feshbach resonances between alkali and alkaline-earth elements
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Spectroscopic studies on Sn plasma
Tracy NorthupUniversity Innsbruck,
Austria
Laser-cooled trapped ions are among the most promising candidates for quantum comput-ing platforms. Quantum information can be encoded in ions’ electronic states, where it can be processed with high-fidelity gate operations and read out deterministically. An outstanding challenge, not only for ion-trap computers but for all experimental realiza-tions, is how to link together remote quantum computers. Such quantum networks would enable distributed quantum computing as well as secure long-distance communication over quantum channels.
By coupling an ion to the mode of an optical resonator, we can construct an interface between single ions and single photons, allowing us to transfer quantum information from ions onto photons for distribution over optical channels. I will present probabilistic and deterministic realizations of an ion-photon interface, based on ion-photon entanglement and ion-photon state transfer. Finally, I will discuss approaches to link up future networks and the challenges that we face on the road to scalability.
Tracy Northup is the Ingeborg Hochmair Professor of Experimental Physics at the Unver-sity of Innsbruck. She received a bachelor’s degree in physics from Harvard University in 1999 and a Ph.D. in physics from the California Institute of Technology in 2008. She came to Innsbruck as a postdoctoral researcher in 2008, where she held a Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship from 2009-11 and an Elise Richter Fellowship from 2012-17. In 2016 she received the START Prize from the Austrian Science Fund. Her research uses optical cavities and trapped ions as tools to explore quantum-mechanical interactions between light and matter, with applications for quantum networks, sensors, and quantum simulations.
Trapped-ion interfaces for quantum networks
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Ruslan Röhrich, Chris Hoekmeijer and Femius Koenderink Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Plasmonic nano-antennas are widely studied for their ability to control the amplitude, phase, directivity, and multipole content of scattering and fluorescence. A full recovery of the scattered light field would improve our understanding of the underlying processes, as it contains complete information on locally induced multipole excitations. Here, digital off-axis holography and polarimetry are combined in a so-called “Fourier” or “k-space” microscope to retrieve: polarisation state, field amplitude and phase information. We present experi-mental results for spiral bull’s eye antennas in metal films, which possess chiral surface plasmon modes that carry orbital angu-lar momentum. The electric field map (strength/phase mapped on brightness/hue) for a 4-armed spiral antenna directly shows orbital angular momentum imprinted on scattering in co- and cross-polarized circu-lar polarization detection channels.
Said R.K. Rodriguez1,2, Wim Casteels3, Florent Storme3, Nicola Carlon Zambon1, Isabelle Sagnes1, Luc Le Gratiet1, Elisabeth Galopin1, Aristide Lemaitre1, Alberto Amo1, Cristiano Ciuti3, and Jacqueline Bloch1 1. Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS, Marcoussis, France2. Nanophotonics, Debye Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands3. Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot, France
Optical bistability — the existence of two distinct optical states for one driving condition —has been reported for over 40 years [1]. Remarkably, the quantum theory of a nonlinear resonator always predicts a unique steady-state [2]. While quantum fluctuations forbid the static hysteresis as-sociated with bistability, hysteresis emerg-es dynamically for finite sweep rates of the driving intensity [3]. Here we demonstrate the influence of quantum fluctuations on the dynamic optical hysteresis of semicon-ductor microcavities. The hysteresis area decays following a double power-law on a time scale vastly greater than the photon lifetime. Approaching the thermodynamic limit of high photon densities, the double power-law becomes a single power-law thereby leading to a dissipative phase transition [4].
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Polarimetric and interferometric measurement of orbital angular momentum imparted by single plasmon nano-antennas
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Probing a dissipative phase transition via dynamical optical hysteresis
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Fig. 1 Measurements of dynamic optical hysteresis (averages over 1500 realizations) at two different frequency detunings between the driving laser and the cavity mode, Δ, in units of the cavity loss rate γ. For each Δ/γ, the four rows correspond to different scanning times of the driving intensity across the hysteresis. The coloured (black) curves indicate the transmit-ted intensity when scanning the power down (up). In (b), the hysteresis area closes well below the semiclassical steady-state prediction [dashed line in (b)] because of quantum fluctuations.
References: [1] H. M. Gibbs, S. L. McCall, and T. N. C. Venkatesan, “Differential gain and bistability using a sodium-filled
Fabry-Perot interferometer,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 36, 1135 (1976).
[2] P. D. Drummond and D. F. Walls, “Quantum theory of optical bistability. I. Nonlinear polarisability model,”
J. Phys. A 13, 725 (1980).
[3] H. Risken, C. Savage, F. Haake, and D. F.Walls, “Quantum tunneling in dispersive optical bistability,”
Phys. Rev. A 35, 1729 (1987).[4]W. Casteels, F. Storme, A. Le Boité, and C. Ciuti, “Power laws in the dynamic
hysteresis of quantum nonlinear photonic resonators,” Phys. Rev. A 93, 033824 (2016).
[5] S.R.K. Rodriguez et al., “Probing a dissipative phase transition via dynamical optical hysteresis”, Phys. Rev.
Lett. in press (2017).
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R.J. Rengelink, R.P.M.J.W. Notermans and
W. Vassen
LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
At present, the size of the proton is not unambiguously known. The reason is that high precision spectroscopy in muonic hydrogen disagrees with the most recent CODATA recommended value by more than 5σ. This problem, known as “the proton radius puzzle”, has brought other light nuclei under close scrutiny. Our con-tribution to this conundrum is to measure the 2 3S --> 2 1S transition frequency in an ultracold gas of neutral 4He and 3He. To determine nuclear finite size effects with accuracy comparable to recently completed measurements in the muonic helium ion, we have implemented a magic wave-length optical dipole trap. In this trap the differential ac-Stark shift on the transition, previously the dominating uncertainty, is completely cancelled. We have measured the exact magic wavelength position for 4He, and we are currently measuring the transition frequency to sub-kHz accuracy. This improves the accuracy by an order of magnitude and probes nuclear finite size effects at the attometer level.
J.J. Renema, A. Menssen, W.R. Clements, G. Triginer, W.S. Kolthammer, and I.A.Walmsley Oxford University
Boson sampling is the task of to providing a sample from the output of a network of coupled interferometers which are fed with single photons. For a sufficient number of photons and modes, a quantum machine implementing this problem directly will outperform any classical computer simulat-ing the experiment in real time, demon-strating an unambiguous quantum speedup.However, much is unclear about the exper-imental conditions (photon quality, loss) under which this speedup manifests itself. In this work, we provide a partial solution to this problem by lower bounding the re-quired photon distinguishability. We do this by demonstrating a method for computing the outcome boson sampling with partially distinguishable photons. In regions of the parameter space where this algorithm is efficient, no quantum speedup is possible.
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Precision spectroscopy in ultracold helium inside a magic wavelength trap
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Limits on a quantum speedup in boson sampling with partially distinguishable photons
Paul Mestrom, Thomas Secker and Servaas Kokkelmans Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Recent experimental progress has opened the door for exploration of the unitary Bose gas, which would lead to a deeper understanding of quantum many-body physics. This strongly interacting Bose gas is profoundly influenced by three-body phenomena such as the universal Efimov effect. Experiments with ultracold atomic gases revealed that the range of the two-body potentials is very important in Efimov physics. We study finite-range effects on the universal Efimov spectrum for three identical spinless bosons interacting via pairwise square well potentials. We have calculated the Efimov spectra by solving the Faddeev equations in the momen-tum-space representation. These equations are best solved by expanding the off-shell two-body T-matrix in separable terms. For the shallow square well potential, we find that the second Efimov state does not cross the atom-dimer threshold. We also show that strong d-wave interactions lower the energy of the second Efimov state further. For deep square well potentials, we de-termine the accuracy of using a separable approximation for the potential when calculating the Efimov states.
John P. Mathew1, Freek Ruesink1, Mohammad-Ali Miri2, Andrea Alù2, and Ewold Verhagen1
1. AMOLF2. The University of Texas at Austin
The pursuit of efficient, on-chip routing mechanisms for electromagnetic waves forms an integral part of today’s research on information networks. Nonreciprocal ele-ments, originating from a broken time-rever-sal symmetry, are important building blocks for such transport networks. Recently, it has been realized that optomechanical interac-tions, where multiple optical and mechanical modes are coupled, can replace magnetic fields in breaking time reversal symmetry for neutral particles such as photons. Here, the underlying mechanism for nonreciprocity is based on the spatiotemporal modulation of the refractive index caused by light induced mechanical vibrations. We investigate a multimode optomechanical structure based on a silica microtoroid, in which two optical modes are coupled through a mechanical breathing mode, to demonstrate nonrecipro-cal light transmission. We realize a four port optical circulator by measuring nonreciprocal transmission of a probe beam through two tapered fibers coupled to the microcavity. We discuss the effects of a tunable optome-chanical cooperativity on the magnitude and bandwidth of optical isolation achievable in our system.
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Finite-range Efimov physics in the Unitary Bose gas
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Optical circulation based on radiation pressure
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The telescope, invented in Middelburg in 1608, had a ground-breaking impact on our understanding of the universe. A catalyst for the Scientific Revolution, the instrument also introduced a broader engagement in optical ‘culture’ in the Golden-Age Netherlands, bringing forward other instruments such as the microscope. Nonetheless, the emergence and development of optical instrumentation faces historians of science with challenges. The telescope was there ‘before anyone knew’ but subsequently spread like a running fire, and revolutionized (mathematical) conceptualization about optics. How did this happen, and how does it correspond with technological changes in lens grinding?
Answering this question has for a long time been hindered by another curious fact: nearly none of the 17th-century Dutch optical instruments appear to have been preserved. In order to remedy this, Cocquyt developed a portable interferometer to analyze the optics of reference pieces in international collections, and to discover and shed new light on possible Dutch early lens candidates. Confronting these findings with unexplored lens grinding instructions from the 17th-century Netherlands allows him to sketch an inter-esting narrative of how optical technology and ‘culture’ developed in this period. Finally, it also allowed him to answer a long-standing question: did Christiaan Huygens really grind the best objective lenses in the world, as he stated in 1659, much to the dislike of his colleague telescope makers?
Lens innovation in the 17th-century Netherlands
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Tiemen CocquytMuseum Boerhaave
Professor Jeremy J. Baumberg, FRSNanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory,
University of Cambridge, UK
Coupling between plasmonic metal nano-components generates strongly red-shifted resonances combined with intense local field amplification on the nanoscale. This allows us to watch in real time individual molecules and atoms or excitons in semiconductors. We have recently explored plasmonic coupling which can be tuned dynamically, through reliable bottom-up self-assembly using a nanoparticle-on-mirror geometry (NPoM). Now we show that it is possible to confine light to below 1nm3, allowing us to see single atoms move dynamically, and examine single bonds within a molecule. We show how molecular optomechanics works, and how it provides the ability to track and watch molecules interact and react. This opens up the ability to study chemistry molecule-by-molecule and potentially to control single reaction pathways.
Prof. Jeremy J. Baumberg FRS, directs a UK Nano-Photonics Centre at the University of Cambridge and has extensive experience in developing optical materials structured on the nano-scale that can be assembled in large volume. He is also Director of the Cambridge Nano Doctoral Training Centre, a key UK site for training PhD students in interdisciplinary Nano research. Strong experience with Hitachi, IBM, and his own spin-offs help him combine academic insight with industry application. With over 18000 citations, he is a leading innovator in Nano. This has led to awards of the Royal Society Rumford Medal (2014), IoP Young Medal (2013), Royal Society Mullard Prize (2005), the IoP Charles Vernon Boys Medal (2000) and the IoP Mott Lectureship (2005). He is a Fellow of the Royal Society, the Optical Society of America, the Institute of Physics, and the Institute of NanoTechnology. [see np.phy.cam.ac.uk][1] Nature 491, 574 (2012); Revealing the quantum regime in tunnelling plasmonics,
[2] Nature Comm. 5, 4568 (2014); Threading plasmonic nanoparticle strings with light
[3] Nature Comm. 5, 3448 (2014); DNA origami based assembly of gold nanoparticle dimers for SERS detection
[4] Nature 535, 127 (2016); Single-molecule strong coupling at room temperature in plasmonic nanocavities
[5] Science 354, 726 (2016); Single-molecule optomechanics in picocavities
Bio: Tiemen Cocquyt is curator at Museum Boerhaave, the national museum for the history of science and medicine in Leiden. He studied Physics and History of Science at Utrecht University. Being responsible for the natural sciences collections before 1800, his research revolves mostly around optical instrumentation in the 17th century. For the cross-collection research on early telescopes, Cocquyt received a ‘Muse-umbeurs’-grant from NWO-Humanities.
Molecular optomechanics using sub-nm light confinement
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E. Marakis, R. Uppu, K. J. Gorter, W. L. Vos, and P. W. H. Pinkse
MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente
Optical multiple scattering media have all the characteristics of a physical unclonable function (PUF). On this account, there is a number of authentication systems relying on such media [1,2,3]. The unclonability assumption depends on technological con-straints. We attempt to falsify this assump-tion by creating deterministic scattering medium via direct laser writing (DLW) [4]. We predict that DLW can create and repro-duce a small multiple scattering medium.
References
[1] S. A. Goorden, M. Horstmann, A. P. Mosk, B. Ško-
rić, and P. W. H. Pinkse, Optica 1, 421 (2014).
[2] R. Pappu, Science 297, 2026 (2002).
[3] H. Zhang and S. Tzortzakis, Appl. Phys. Lett. 108,
211107 (2016).
[4] J. Fischer and M. Wegener, Laser Photon. Rev. 7,
22 (2013).
N.F.W. Ligterink*, A. Coutens, V. Kofman, H.S.P. Muller, R.T. Garrod, H. Calcutt, S.F. Wampfler, J.K. Jørgensen, H. Linnartz, and E.F. van Dishoeck * Leiden Observatory / Sackler Laboratory for Astrophysics
Methyl isocyanate (CH3NCO) belongs to a select group of interstellar molecules considered to be relevant precursors in the formation of larger organic compounds, including those with peptide bonds. The first gas-phase detection of this molecule toward a young sun-like star is presented [1], hinting that this molecule might have been present at the earliest formational years of our solar system. The formation of CH3NCO is also investigated in the laboratory by a set of cryogenic UHV experiments [1]. Specifically, the methyla-tion reaction (CH3 addition) of HNCO to form methyl isocyanate is tested. This is done by irradiating CH4:HNCO mixtures at 20K with Vacuum-UV light, whereby a C-H bond in methane is broken to form the methyl radical. An unambiguous identifica-tion has become possible using RAIRS and TPD. This shows that methyl isocyanate can be formed in the solid-state under quite regular astronomical conditions.
N.F.W. Ligterink et al., Month. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
469 (2017) 2219
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Reproducibility of deterministic multiple scattering media via direct laser writing
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Laboratory and observational investigation of the interstellar molecule CH3NCO
R.U. Skannrup1 A.G. Boetes2, J.B. Naber2, S.J.J.M.F. Kokkelmans1, and R.J.C Spreeuw2 1. Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands2University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Magnetic trapping is a well-established technique for ground state atoms. We have extended this concept to Rydberg atoms, highly excited atoms, important for quan-tum simulation. Our current efforts rely on Rydberg atoms to be excited in a trapped ground state BEC and remain trapped after excitation. The traps exhibit very strong magnetic field gradients on the order of 1000 T/m, allowing for structures on micrometer scales. Trapping is so tight that classical electron orbits are comparable to the trap size, so the magnetic field varies appreciably over the atom. Our research has found effective traps for a large range of Rydberg states and shown states with magic trapping conditions, ie similar ef-fective trapping as that of the ground state, to exist. Magic trapping conditions are important for quantum simulation, as they allow for high fidelity quantum gates.
Contact: [email protected]
Niels van Hoof1, Arkabrata Bhattacharya1,Alexei Halpin1, and Jaime Gómez Rivas1,1,2
1. DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research2. Eindhoven University of Technology, Dep. Applied Physics and Institute for Photonic Integration
A periodic lattice of frequency-detuned and displaced resonant metallic rods is used to generate diffraction enhanced transparency (DET) at terahertz frequencies. Using far-field spectroscopy, we demonstrate the appearance of a sharp transmission line in the otherwise broad extinction spectrum of the rod array, accompanied by strong group delay at the frequency of the transparency. Probing further with near-field microscopy we unravel the underlying mode profiles of this structure. We recover a quadrupolar field distribution in the near-field of each unit cell of the array, that arises due to the interference between lattice modes corresponding to the individual rods, resulting in a transparency. This system can be viewed as a classical analog of electro-magneticly induced transparency (EIT).
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Lattice of detuned resonators induces diffraction enhanced transparency (DET)
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Magic trapping of Rydberg atoms in tight magnetic microtraps
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Fluorescence microscopy is one of the most powerful tools employed in basic life scienc-es because it allows detection of different molecular components in fixed and living cells with high specificity and ultimate sensitivity. With the advent of super-resolution micros-copy and the rapid development of improved fluorescent probes, the possibility of visual-izing complex cellular structures at the nanoscale is now within reach. Understanding the structure and dynamics of macromolecular complexes generally requires the labeling of different species of biomolecules with a variety of fluorophores and the analysis of their spatial distributions and temporal behaviors. Single-molecule sensitivity, short acquisition times and minimal spectral cross-talk are all critical requirements in quantitative biology to simultaneously visualize multiple labeled targets at relevant temporal and spatial scales.
In this presentation, I will discuss recent developments in my group aimed at extending the current capabilities of fluorescence nanoscopy. I will discuss a novel frequency-encod-ed multicolor fluorescence imaging approach that enables simultaneous identification of multiple fluorescent targets using a single color-blind detector, down to the single mole-cule sensitivity level, on fixed and living cells. Moreover, we have extended this approach to single molecule localization methods and to plasmonic nano-antennas. In the latter case, the use of broadband plasmonic antennas combined with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy provides sub-nanometer localization accuracy (0.2nm) together with μs-tem-poral resolution of individual molecules diffusing on living cell surfaces.
E-mail: [email protected]
Current challenges in optical nanoscopy: from sub-nanometer resolution to multicolor capabilities.
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Maria Garcia-ParajoICFO-Institute of Photonic Sciences
Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
J.J.M. de Hond, N. Cisternas, G. Lochead, R.J.C. Spreeuw, H.B. van Linden van den Heuvell, and N.J. van DrutenIoP/WZI, UvA
The large polarizability of Rydberg states makes them a very promising tool to mod-ify and enhance interactions in ultracold gases. In the Celsius-setup, an atom chip experiment for Rydberg physics, we have found that residual electric fields and field gradients can significantly shift and broaden Rydberg states of magnetically trapped atoms, precisely because of their large polarizability. This limits the excita-tion coherence, and puts potential limits on observing Rydberg-Rydberg interaction effects. We have characterized these fields using Stark maps (see figure), and are able to compensate for undesired fields in one direction using an on-chip electrode. We have successfully reduced the residual linewidth to below 0.3 MHz, which is promising for observing interactions be-tween Rydberg atoms on a chip.
S. Greveling, F. van der Laan, H. C. Jagers, M. Scholten, and D. van OostenDebye Institute for NanoMaterials Science and EMMEPH, Utrecht University
Bose-Einstein condensation of photons in a dye-filled micro-cavity is funda-mentally different than that of standard single component atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. First, because the phase of the electromagnetic field is in principle ob-servable, whereas the phase of a quantum mechanical wave function is not. Second, because photons have an inherent polari-zation degeneracy. In this presentation we present single-shot imaging of the Stokes parameters of both the photon condensate and the thermal photons. We find that the condensate is strongly polarized, whereas the degree of polarization of the thermal cloud is significantly lower. Finally, we discuss the dependency of the (degree of) polarization of the photon gas on the polar-ization of the pump and the solvents used to prepare the dye.
O 15
Exploring collective effects through Rydberg interactions on atom chips
O 16
Polarization of a Bose-Einstein condensate of light
22 23
Youwen Fan1, Ruud M. Oldenbeuving2, Marcel Hoekman2, Dimitri Geskus2, Ronald Dekker2, René G. Heideman2, Chris G.H. Roeloffzen2,and Klaus-J. Boller1
1Laser Physics and Nonlinear Optics group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Dept. Science & Technology, Applied Nanophotonics (ANP)University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands2LioniX International B.V., Enschede, the Netherlands
Here we report the experimental realization of a chip-based, wavelength-tunable InP-Si3N4 hybrid laser. The laser is formed by longitudinally coupling an InP diode chip and a Si3N4 (TripleXTM¬) waveguide chip. Via implementing a widely tunable Si3N4 feedback circuit (a chain of three microring resonators in Vernier configuration), any wavelength within the diode gain bandwidth (1500 nm to 1581 nm) becomes addressable. Furthermore, the significant roundtrip optical length (50 cm on a chip) of the feedback circuit imposes an extremely low intrinsic spectral bandwidth of 290 Hertz (Schaw-low-Townes, quantum limited). The demon-strated low bandwidth is far below that of any reported chip-based and tunable hybrid laser, and thereby marks a new paradigm in employing diode lasers for providing light with ultra-high coherence in an application relevant format.
Theo Cremers, Simon Chefdeville and Sebastiaan Y.T. van de Meerakker Radboud University
We have recently constructed a multistage Zeeman decelerator for the purpose of preparing a beam of molecules for scat-tering experiments. This decelerator uses pulsed magnetic fields to split the Zeeman energy levels of paramagnetic molecules and thereby state-specifically control their velocities. These velocity-controlled beams are ideally suited for molecular scattering studies, as has been shown in the past for Stark-decelerated beams [1]. During this talk, we will briefly discuss the design of our multistage Zeeman decelera-tor and then present the first time-of-flight profiles of velocity-controlled beams of molecules as they leave the decelerator. We will manipulate the molecular beams to a range of final velocities, and look at the resulting beam characteristics. We will also demonstrate the excitation of the NO radical from the ground state to a paramagnetic state using the free-electron laser, FELIX.
Reference
[1] Sjoerd Vogels et al., Science 350, 787 (2015)
O 17
A chip-based InP-Si3N4 hybrid laser with ultra-high coherence
O 18
Preparing beams of paramag-netic molecules and atoms by multistage Zeeman deceleration for scattering experiments
Rick van BijnenInstitute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Innsbruck, Austria
Atoms excited to Rydberg states with high principal quantum numbers n = 20 .. 100, acquire extreme properties, such as the van der Waals interactions whose strength scales with a formidable n11, or even n12. Consequently, two Rydberg atoms can influence each other significantly over a distance of several micrometers, which is sufficient for atoms in optical lattices to interact directly across several lattice sites. As such, Rydberg atoms provide a prom-ising toolbox to engineer interactions and quantum magnetism in ultracold atomic experiments. In this talk we take a closer look at how these huge interaction strengths can be harvested by employing off-resonant la-ser-dressing of ground state atoms to Ryd-berg states, and we review recent experi-mental progress. We discuss the possibility to realise fully programmable all-to-all interactions between ground state atoms in optical lattices. Such a system would be realisable with current experimental capabilities, and could serve as a prototype quantum annealer and has applications in quantum machine learning.
Henk Snijders, D. Kok, M. P. van Exter, D. Bouwmeester, and W. Löffler UCSB: J.A. Frey, J. Norman, A. Gossard, and J.E. BowersLeiden University
Quantum dots (QDs) in high-quality optical micropillar cavities are a promising system for quantum information applica-tions such as quantum logic gates and as an interface between flying and solid-state qubits. Here we show these quantum dots can produce highly non-classical states of light. We show that it is possible to change coherent light into either high-purity single photons with a second order correlation function g2(0) < 0.05, or into a stream of strongly correlated photons with g2(0) ~ 40. This change can be achieved by a simple rotation of a polarizer at which homodyne quantum interference happens. On top of that we were able to integrate our solid-state device with optical single mode fibers to create an all-fiber based single photon nonlinearity. This is an important step towards usable photonic quantum gates operating at GHz rate for remote entanglement generation, quantum key distribution, and distributed quantum computation.
O 19
Fully programmable all-to-all interactions with Rydberg-dressed atoms
O 20
Solid state non-linear quantum dot based light source
24 25
L. S. Dreissen1, R. K. Altmann1, C. F. Roth1, E. J. Salumbides1, W. Ubachs1, K. S. E. Eikema1
1LaserLaB , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
High-precision spectroscopy of simple atomic and molecular systems are important benchmarks for tests of bound-state Quan-tum Electrodynamics (QED). Therefore we used the Ramsey-comb technique [1] to measure the X-EF transition in H2 at 2×202 nm with an accuracy of 73 kHz. This result is two orders of magnitude better than obtained with previous experiments, and is an important component to improve the accuracy of the dissociation energy, which is used to test molecular quantum theory and QED [2]. We are currently extending Ramsey-comb spectroscopy to the extreme ultraviolet spectral region to measure the 1S-2S transition in singly ionized helium at ~30 nm, which could help resolve the proton radius puzzle [3].
Reference
[1] R.K. Altmann et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 173201 (2016)
[2] J. Liu et al., J. Chem. Phys. 130, 174306 (2009)
[3] R. Pohl et al., Science 353, 669 (2016)
O 21
Ramsey-comb spectroscopy for QED tests in H2 and the proton radius puzzle
David DeMilleYale University
This talk will describe ongoing work in our group that uses techniques of atomic and molecular physics to probe phenomena of interest in particle and nuclear physics. In the ongoing ACME experiment, we search for a CP-violating electric dipole moment (EDM) of the electron. Our recent limits set severe constraints on models of new physics that include CP-violation and new physics well above the TeV scale; we are now taking data with improved sensitivity that will effectively probe even higher energies. We are also launching a new experiment to search for hadronic CP-violation at the TeV scale, via the proton’s EDM. Finally, I will describe our ZOMBIES experiment, which has demonstrat-ed unprecedented sensitivity to a P-violating nuclear anapole moment. The nuclear ana-pole moment arises due to electroweak interactions between nucleons, and is sensitive to how these interactions are renormalized by strong interactions in the nuclear environment.
Using molecular beams to probe the frontiers of particle and nuclear physics
I 6
Left: An EDM along the spin of an electron can be induced by virtual loops of exotic particles, beyond those in the Standard Model of particle physics.
Right: We detect the electron’s EDM by sub-jecting it to the strong electric field inside a polar molecule. This exerts a torque on the EDM and causes the spin to precess.
26 27
PostersConference center
De Werelt Lunteren
NOTES
28 29
Poster Program 2017
P 1 Muhammad Ali Abbas (Molecular and Laserphysics Institute for Molecules and
Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands) “Dual-Comb spectroscopy using
monolithically integrated InP-based mode locked lasers”
P 2 P. Aggarwal (Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity,
University of Groningen1, University of Amsterdam)
“New physics beyond the standard model using the cold BaF molecules”
P 3 F. Alpeggiani (Delft University of Technology)
“Reconstructing the scattering matrix of photonic systems from quasinormal modes”
P 4 F. Alpeggiani (VU University Amsterdam)
“Spectroscopic survey of electronic transitions of the hexatriynyl radical: C6H, 13C6H, and C6D”
P 5 Xavier Bacalla (Leiden Observatory)
“Detection of electronic transitions of interstellar OH+ for probing the primary cosmic
ray ionization rate in diffuse interstellar clouds”
P 6 H.M.J. Bastiaens (Laser Physics and Nonlinear Optics group, MESA+ Institute for
Nanotechnology, University of Twente)
“Extending on-chip supercontinuum generation in Si3N4 throughout the blue wavelength range”
P 7 R.F.H.J. van der Beek (LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit,
Amsterdam)
“Towards measurements of Bloch oscillations in ultracold metastable helium”
P 8 Meryem Benelajla (LPNO Group, University of Twente, The Netherlands)
“Smart wavelength meter for integrated photonics”
P 9 Giel Berden (FELIX Laboratory, Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University)
“Infrared ion spectroscopy at the FELIX Laboratory”
P10 Annemarie Berkhout (AMOLF)
“A common path interferometer for measuring the amplitude and phase response
of nanoantenna arrays”
P11 C. Beulenkamp (Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University)
“A versatile method for numerically solving the Schrödinger equation”
P12 J. Bosch (Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science and EMMEPH, Utrecht University)
“Virtual adaptive optics for optical phase conjugation”
P13 Jordy Bouwman (Sackler Laboratory for Astrophysics, Universiteit Leiden)
“Dissociative photoionization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons”
P14 R. Burgwal (“University of Oxford”)
“Random unitary transformations in integrated photonics”
P15 Simon Chefdeville (Spectroscopy of Cold Molecules. Institute for Molecules and Materials)
“A multistage Zeeman decelerator optimized for collision experiments”
P16 C. C. Chen (Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam)
“Stepping stones towards a steady-state Bose-Einstein condensate”
Poster Program 2017
P17 K. G. Cognée (LP2N, Talence, France)
“Perturbation of high-Q micro-cavities and tuning of radiation losses”
P18 F.M.J. Cozijn (VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
“Frequency comb referenced NICE-OHMS: frequency metrology and collision studies
on acetylene in the 1.4 μm region”
P19 L. De Angelis (TU Delft)
“Vortices make circles: distribution of C-points in random light”
P20 Hugo Doeleman (FOM-Institute AMOLF, Amsterdam, The Netherlands)
“Experimental observation of a polarization vortex at a bound state in the continuum”
P21 Norman Ewald (Institute of Physics, Universiteit van Amsterdam)
“Trapped ions in strongly polarizable atomic media”
P22 Kevin Esajas (Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity, University of Groningen)
“Slow molecular beams of heavy diatomic polar molecules to probe T/CP violation”
P23 Khalil Eslami Jahromi (Molecular and Laser Physics, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands)
“Towards efficient and broadband trace gas detection using MIR supercontinuum source”
P24 C.A.A. Franken (Laser Physics & Nonlinear Optics LPNO University of Twente, the Netherlands)
“Exploring coupled waveguide arrays as spectrometers”
P25 J.G.H. Franssen (Applied physics, Eindhoven University of Technology)
“Pulse length measurements of ultracold and ultrafast electron bunches extracted from
a laser cooled gas”
P26 H. Fürst (Institute of Physics, Universiteit van Amsterdam)
“Observation of cold collisions between Li and Yb+”
P27 Zhi Gao (Spectroscopy of Cold Molecules, Institute for Molecules and Materials,
Radboud University)
“Product pairs correlation in molecule-molecule inelastic collision”
P28 Su-Hyun Gong (Delft University of Technology)
“Valley-photon path locking using a nanophotonic structure”
P29 Siddharth Ghosh (Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht,
The Netherlands)
“Photophysics of resonance elastic light scattering from organic fluorophores”
P30 Siddharth Ghosh (Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands)
“Insight of carbon nanodots: From single particle experiment to linear response theory”
P31 Ke Guo (FOM Institute AMOLF)
“Plasmon ‘checkerboard’ lasers: towards low etendue, speckle free light sources”
P32 Alexei Halpin (DIFFER)
“Near-field microscopy of electromagnetically induced transparency in terahertz Dolmens”
30 31
Poster Program 2017
P33 Javier Hernandez-Rueda (Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University)
“Time-resolved study of femtosecond laser ablation on a water/air interface”
P34 Joël Hussels (LaserLaB Vrije Universiteit)
“Towards an improved measurement of the dissociation energy of H2”
P35 T.Johri (Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Physics)
“Optically imprinted Rydberg atom lattice”
P36 T. de Jongh (Institute for Molecules and Materials Spectrocscopy of Cold Molecules,
Radboud University)
“Imaging of partial wave resonances in low-energy molecular scattering”
P37 O.N. van Leeuwen (MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente)
“Diffractive optical elements for wavefront shaping”
P38 O.V. Lushchikova (FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University)
“The reaction mechanism of CO2 hydrogenation over copper clusters”
P39 Jesse Mak (MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente)
“On-chip optical isolator using surface acoustic waves”
P40 Reinier van der Meer (Complex Photonic Systems (COPS), MESA+ Institute for
Nanotechnology, University of Twente)
“Multi photon correlations in a multichannel network”
P41 Christiaan Mennes (Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG
Amsterdam)
“Single molecule microscopy at cryogenic temperatures”
P42 Silvia Musolino (Eindhoven University of Technology)
“Three-Body correlations in the unitary Bose gas”
P43 Faisal Nadeem (Molecular and Laser Physics, Institute for Molecules and Materials,
Radboud University, Nijmegen)
“External cavity diode laser based 3-mirror off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy”
P44 M.A.W. van Ninhuijs (Eindhoven University of Technology)
“Ultracold plasma experiments with microwave cavity resonance spectroscopy”
P45 Joost Offermans (Coherence & Quantum Technology Eindhoven University of Technology)
“Ponderomotive scattering of electron pulses”
P46 O. Onishchenko (Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University
of Amsterdam)
“A versatile strontium quantum gas machine with a microscope”
P47 Pritam Pai (Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands)
“Measuring the transmission matrix of strongly scattering media”
P48 Sayan Patra (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)
“Doppler-free two-photon spectroscopy of trapped, laser-cooled HD+ ions”
Poster Program 2017
P49 Marcin Płodzien (Eindhoven University of Technology)
“Quantum physics and life sciences attract research at the interface between both fields”
P50 Vikram Plomp (Spectroscopy of Cold Molecules, Institute for Molecules and Materials,
Radboud University Nijmegen)
“Improved Velocity Map Imaging detection for molecule-molecule collisions”
P51 Marco Porcel (University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands)
“Photo-induced second-harmonic generation in silicon nitride waveguides”
P52 Danna Qasim (Sackler Laboratory for Astrophysics, Leiden Observatory)
“Solid-state formation of methanol at 10 K through CH4 and OH reactions”
P53 Danna Qasim (Sackler Laboratory for Astrophysics, Leiden Observatory)
“Formation of glycerol through hydrogenation of CO ice under prestellar core conditions”
P54 J.F.M. van Rens (Applied Physics, Coherence and Quantum Technology Group,
Eindhoven University of Technology)
“Ultrafast electron microscopy using resonant RF deflection cavities”
P55 C. F. Roth (LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)
“Towards Ramsey-comb spectroscopy of the 1S-2S transition in singly-ionized helium”
P56 Carla Sanna (Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, UvA)
“Towards quantum simulation with ultracold atoms trapped in magnetic nanolattices”
P57 Marcel Scholten (University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands)
“Enhanced high-order harmonic generation from Argon clusters”
P58 Peter van der Slot (University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands)
“Enhanced high-order harmonic generation from Argon clusters”
P59 Jasper Smits (Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Center for Extreme Matter and
Emergent Phenomena, Utrecht University)
“Holographic imaging of Bose-Einstein condensates”
P60 Guoqiang Tang (Spectroscopy of Cold Molecules, Institute for Molecules and Materials,
Radboud University)
“Rotational de-excitation in NO+ortho-D2 inelastic collisions”
P61 T. B. H. Tentrup (University of Twente)
“Large-alphabet Quantum Key Distribution using spatially encoded light”
P62 C. Toebes (Complex Photonic Systems (COPS), MESA+ Institute for nanotechnology,
University of Twente)
“Design of a Super-Pixel-Based quantum secure authentication demonstrator”
P63 F. Torretti ( ARCNL, Amsterdam)
“Spectroscopy of many-valence electron open 4d-Shell ions”
P64 M. T. Trivikram (LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)
“CARS spectroscopy on molecular tritium”
P65 M.C. Velsink (MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente)
“Uniform line filling of space: Bertrand’s paradox revisited”
32 33
Muhammad Ali Abbas, Julien Mandon, Sylwester latkowski, Erwin Bente, and Frans J.M. HarrenInstitute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, the [email protected]
Frequency combs combine high spectral brightness and at the same time broadband spectral coverage. The aim of this project is to experimentally perform dual-comb spectroscopy taking advantage of inte-grated mode-locked lasers, to achieve a compact, stabilized and cost effective motionless spectrometer for trace gas sensing applications.The lasers used are based on two quantum well ring lasers fabricated on InP substrate and operating at telecommunication wavelength of 1580 nm [1]. The 33 mm long laser cavity is an active-passive integration of a saturable absorber, quantum well optical amplifiers, electro-refractive modulators, electrical isolators, multimode interference coupler (2×2 MMI) and passive waveguide section. Integrated InP-based mode-locked lasers support the repetition rate of 2.5GHz. Demonstration of a motionless Fourier transform spectrometer to record a broad spectrum within few microseconds at high resolution is reported.Reference:
[1] S. Latkowski et al. OPTICS LETTERS, vol. 40, no.
1, pp. 77–80, Jan. 2015.
P. Aggarwal1 H. Bethlem2, A. Borschevsky1, P. Haase1, S. Hoekstra1, K. Jungmann1, R. Timmermans1, W. Ubachs2, and L. Willmann1
Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity, University of Groningen1, University of Amsterdam2
Experiments searching for the electron’s electric dipole moment (EDM) are very sensitive to T violation in the leptonic sector. They can help to address questions surrounding baryon asymmetry and to find new sources of CP violation in the Stand-ard model. We aim to use a slow, intense and cold beam of BaF molecules to probe a possible electron-EDM, with a projected sensitivity of 10-30 e.cm by increasing the interaction time. This will be achieved by using a cryogenic buffer gas source in combination with Stark deceleration and laser cooling. I will present results from a new supersonic source for a BaF molecules.
P 1
Dual-Comb spectroscopy using monolithically integrated InP-based mode locked lasers
P 2
New physics beyond the standard model using the cold BaF molecules
Poster Program 2017
P66 W. Verhoeven (Eindhoven University of Technology)
“A time-of-flight electron energy analyzer for sub-ps time and sub-100 meV energy
resolutions
P67 S. Wang (Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands)
“Luminescent detector assisted by plasmonic nanoantenna arrays for free space optical
communication”
P68 Y. Wang (LaserLaB Vrije Universiteit)
“Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering in molecular gases with different geometrical structure
P69 X. Xu (Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University)
“Looking around corner using phase compensation”
P70 A.Zapara (Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen)
“Stable operation of a traveling-wave Stark decelerator”
P71 Jeroen Terwisscha van Scheltinga (Sackler Laboratory for Astrophysics, Leiden
Observatory)
“Infrared spectra of iCOMs in interstellar ice analogues
The case of acetaldehyde, ethanol and dimethyl ether”
P72 Y. Hao (Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen)
“Nuclear-anapole-moment effects in diatomic molecules”
P73 A.B. Haase (Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam)
“Stepping stones towards a stea (Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen)
“In the search for the electron electric dipole moment: A quantum chemical approach
to calculate the internal electric field in the BaF molecule”
P74 Carmem Maia Gilardoni (Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen)
Proposal for time-resolved preparation and detection of electronic spin coherence
of color centers in SiC
P75 Tom Bosma (Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen)
“Optical coherent control of lattice-defect spins in SiC device structures”
P76 Jorge Quereda (Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen)
“Observation of bright and dark exciton transitions in monolayer MoSe2 by photocurrent
spectroscopy”
P77 Gerrit W. Steen (Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology)
“Differential absorption based optofluidic sensors capable of measuring ionic content
in watery”
34 35
F. Alpeggiani1,2, N. Parappurath2, E. Verhagen2, and L. Kuipers1,2 1 Delft University of Technology2 AMOLF
The scattering matrix, which connects incoming and outgoing light in optical sys-tems, is a fundamental tool to describe and understand many cutting-edge photonic devices, such as photonic metasurfaces and nanostructured optical scatterers.We show that the scattering matrix is completely determined by the quasinormal modes of the system, i.e., the self-sustain-ing electromagnetic excitations at a com-plex frequency. We present a novel method to express the scattering matrix in terms of the quasinormal modes. Our theory is extremely general and it does not require any ad-hoc assumptions, such as the fitting of a nonresonant background.These results represent both a powerful tool for calculating the spectra of photon-ic systems and a key for unraveling the physical mechanisms at the heart of such intricated spectral structures.
Xavier Bacalla1, Edcel J. Salumbides,1,3 Harold Linnartz,2 Wim Ubachs,1 Dongfeng Zhao1,2,4
1 VU University Amsterdam 2Leiden University3University of San Carlos 4 University of Science and Technology of China
A total of 19 rovibronic (sub)bands of the linear carbon chain, C6H, were recorded and analyzed, covering the 18950−21100 cm−1 re-gion [1, 2]. The (rotationally resolved) spectra were obtained using cavity ring-down laser spectroscopy of a supersonically expanding hydrocarbon plasma. Band assignments were based on available laboratory data (micro-wave, matrix isolation, and gas-phase spectra), isotopic substitution experiments (with 13C6H and C6D), and ab initio calculations (for the electronic ground state). In addition, the full vibrational and rotational analysis allows for a derivation of an extensive electronic energy level diagram for the C6H molecule.
Reference:[1] D. Zhao, M.A. Haddad, H. Linnartz, W. Ubachs, JCP 135 (2011) 044307.[2] X. Bacalla, E.J. Salumbides, H. Linnartz, W. Ubachs, D. Zhao, JPCA 120 (2016) 6402.
P 3
Reconstructing the scattering matrix of photonic systems from quasinormal modes
P 4
Spectroscopic survey of electronic transitions ofthe hexatriynyl radical: C6H, 13C6H, and C6D
Xavier Bacalla,1 Harold Linnartz,1 Nick L. J. Cox,2 Jan Cami,3,4 Amin Farhang,5
Jonathan Smoker,6 and the EDIBLES consortium1Leiden Observatory2Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy3The University of Western Ontario4SETI Institute5Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences6European Southern Observatory
Following the recent ground-based obser-vations of interstellar OH+ in the near-UV (3335–3590 Å) [1], we present a new set of reddened star targets from the ESO Diffuse Interstellar Bands Large Exploration Sur-vey (EDIBLES) [2] where the OH+ cation has been unambiguously detected. The equivalent widths of up to seven rotational-ly resolved electronic transitions of OH+ in the A3Π – X3Σ– (0,0) and (1,0) band were measured, based on line positions and os-cillator strengths calculated previously [1, and references therein]. From these meas-urements, the column density N(OH+) is derived which is then used in estimating the primary cosmic ray ionization rate in these diffuse interstellar clouds.
Reference:
[1] D. Zhao, G.A. Galazutdinov, H. Linnartz,
J. Krełowski, ApJL 805 (2015) L12.
[2] N.L.J. Cox, J. Cami, A. Farhang, et al. A&A (2017)
submitted.
R. Grootes, H.M.J. Bastiaens K.-J. Bollerand, and F. SchreckLaser Physics and Nonlinear Optics group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,University of Twente
The broad coherent optical spectra obtained by supercontinuum generation (SCG) are of significant importance for applications in, e.g., spectroscopy, biology and precision metrology. Of particular interest is SCG using integrated optical waveguides fabricated from stoichiometric silicon nitride (Si3N4) with low-pressure chemical vapor deposition because this provided, so far, the broadest supercontin-uum on a chip [1], reaching down into the blue wavelength range at 470 nm, using in-frared pump lasers [2]. We investigate the extension of this supercontinuum further toward the ultraviolet via dispersion engi-neering and shorter pump wavelengths. In current experiments, we use the wave-guides without their SiO2 top cladding for reshaping the generated spectra. The goal is to shift the zero-dispersion wavelength to below 800 nm, such that a femtosecond Ti:Sa laser can be used as a pump.
Reference:
[1] J. P. Epping et al., Opt. Express 23, 19596 (2015).
[2] M.A. Garcia Porcel et al., Opt. Express 25, 1542
(2017).
P 5
Detection of electronic transitions of interstellar OH+ for probing the primary cosmic ray ionization rate in diffuse interstellar clouds
P 6
Extending on-chip supercon-tinuum generation in Si3N4 throughout the blue wave-length range
36 37
R.F.H.J. van der Beek, A.S. Flores, W. VassenLaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam
We plan to precisely measure the one-pho-ton recoil of a helium-4 atom in the triplet metastable state to determine the ratio h/M, using a Ramsey-Bordé atom interferom-etry scheme in combination with Bloch oscillations to achieve high accelerations of the atoms. This measurement, combined with well-known values of the Rydberg constant, the helium atom- and electron mass, allows extraction of the fine-struc-ture constant α to a potentially competitive accuracy with respect to the value deduced by measurements of the electron g-factor combined with quantum electrodynamics (QED) theory. Comparing these values could provide the most stringent test of QED.
Meryem Benelajla1-2, Caterina Taballione1 and Klaus-Jochen Boller1
1 LPNO Group, University of Twente, 5 Drienerlo-laan, Enschede 7500 AE, The [email protected] ENSSAT, University of Rennes 1, 6 rue de Kerampont, CS 80518, Lannion, France
Thermally tunable SiN waveguide micror-ing resonators in connection with neural network readout algorithms appear promis-ing for use as integrated optical wavelength meters. So far, we have observed long-term reliability and a temperature immunity of the readout across several degrees of ambient temperature change [1]. However, further exploration is required for a better understanding of such immunity, and the free spectral range should be increased. With the goal to interpret future experi-mental data across a larger temperature range and a wider free spectral range we have modelled the influence of thermal off-set heating and the transmission properties of coupled microring resonators.
Reference:
[1] C. Taballione, T. Agbana, G. Vdovin, M. Hoekman,
L.Wevers, J. Kalkman, M. Verhaegen,
P. J. M. van der Slot, and K.-J.Boller, “Tempera-
ture-drift-immune wavelength meter based on an integrated
micro ring resonator,” Proc.SPIE 10242, 1024206 (2017).
P 7
Towards measurements of Bloch oscillations in ultracold metastable helium
P 8
Smart wavelength meter for integrated photonics
Giel Berden, Jonathan Martens, and Jos Oomens de Meerakker. FELIX Laboratory, Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University
The Molecular Structure and Dynamics group at the Free Electron Laser for Infrared eXper-iments (FELIX) laboratory is specialized in the development of infrared ion spectroscopy and its application in physical (bio)chemistry, astrochemistry, and analytical chemistry. Several mass spectrometers, home-built and commercial, have been coupled to the infra-red beam lines of the FELIX free electron lasers (3-50 µm, up to 120 mJ/pulse). Our infrastructure is part of the international user facility FELIX and open for external users (see http://www.ru.nl/felix for beam time applications).This contribution presents a few highlights of our recent work, including the observation of CH stretch vibrations at 4 µm in alkoxide anions, structural elucidation of reaction products of peptide dissociation, and the combination of liquid chromatography and IR ion spectroscopy for identification of metabolites in body fluids.
Annemarie Berkhout1, Femius Koenderink1,2 1 AMOLF 2 University of Amsterdam
Having control over the interaction between a photon and a quantum emitter is indispensable for optical signal processing. High Q cavities can boost the interaction between quantum emitters and light, while small mode volume resonators strongly confine light spatially. However, either structure alone has disadvan-tages. Using a combination of high Q dielec-tric cavities and metal antennas to enhance light matter interaction opens up an ‘interme-diate Q’ regime, which our group is exploring [1]. To investigate the ultrafast dynamics of such hybrid resonators we are constructing an interferometric pump-probe setup, that ultimately allows to measure the amplitude and phase response of single antenna-cavity systems conditional on a control pulse. I will present our progress towards this setup. A common path Mach-Zender interferometer splits an input pulse in a sample and delayed reference pulse. The interferogram between these pulses is measured using a scanning Michelson interferometer. We are building this setup using a 50 fs OPA system in the 650-920 nm range, and are in the process of demonstrating its performance by measuring the amplitude and phase response of arrays of nanoantennas with Fano resonances, and metasurface etalons. [1] Hugo Doeleman, Ewold Verhagen, Femius Koenderink,
ACS Photonics 3, 1943 (2016).
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Infrared ion spectroscopy at the FELIX Laboratory
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A common path interferometer for measuring the amplitude and phase response of nanoantenna arrays
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C. Beulenkamp, . Smits, J. Hernandez-Rueda, P. van der Straten, and D. van Oosten Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University
A popular technique for numerically solving the Schrödinger equation is based on the time splitting method. By using this approach, the Hamiltonian is split into a kinetic term and a potential term. Here, we present a method for computing the evo-lution corresponding to the kinetic term. Using finite differences, differential oper-ators can be represented by matrices. Time splitting can be applied to these matrices to approximate the evolution operator by a product of block diagonal matrices. The method is versatile, as it can be applied to non-Cartesian coordinate systems, curved surfaces and time-dependent grids.
We will check the accuracy of simulation results using our method with analytical solutions of the 1D nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We will also compare our method with explicit diagonalization using spectral methods.
Finally, we will show applications of the method to Bose-Einstein condensates in cylindrical coordinates and to focused femtosecond laser pulses in a nonlinear medium, where the grid spacing shrinks along with the pulse width.
J. Bosch, P. Pai and A.P. MoskDebye Institute for Nanomaterials Science and EMMEPH, Utrecht University
Optical phase conjugation (OPC) revers-es the direction of light and retraces the original light path. In digital optical phase conjugation (DOPC) the light field is recorded interferometrically. The phase conjugate field is synthesized by means of digital holography and sent back. An advantage of DOPC is that the conjugated field can be manipulated [1]. Critical for DOPC is the fidelity, which is a measure for the overlap between the recorded and the synthesized field. We digitally correct for various imaging defects in the optics used to generate the interferogram or the hologram, such as coma, astigmatism and defocus, by applying phase corrections parametrized by Zernike polynomials in both the image plane and the Fourier plane of the recorded field.
Figure 1: Schematic description of the phase conjugation.
The interferometrically measured field is corrected in
the PC and a hologram is generated.
[1] J. Bosch, S.A. Goorden, A.P. Mosk, Opt. Express
24, 26472-26478 (2016)
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A versatile method for nume-rically solving the Schrödinger equation
Virtual adaptive optics for optical phase conjugation
Jordy Bouwman Sackler Laboratory for Astro-physics, Universiteit Leiden
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their nitrogen-containing analogues (PANHs) are important constituents of the interstellar medium.1,2 Interstellar PA(N)Hs are subject to strong ionizing UV radiation, leading to dissociative ionization of these species. On this poster I show how we can make use of large-scale facilities - the Swiss Light Source and the Free Electron Laser for Infrared Experiments (FELIX) - to study the dissociative ionization of aromatic molecules. Accurate dissociation energies are derived and the dissociation products are charac-terized with isomer specificity by means of infrared action spectroscopy.3,4 A generic observation in this series of experiments is the formation of species containing 5-membered rings upon carbon loss from the hexagonal PA(N)H network. This facile hexagon-to-pen-tagon transformation is suggestive of facile conversion of large PAHs into fullerenic structures under conditions of energetic pro-cessing in the interstellar medium.[1]Allamandola, L. J., Tielens, A., & Barker, J. R. 1985,
Astroph J, 290, L25
[2]. D.M. Hudgins., C.W. Bauschlicher, Jr., & Allamandola,
L. J. 2005, Astroph J, 632, 316
[3].Bouwman, J., Sztáray, B., Oomens, J., Hemberger,
P., & Bodi, A. 2015, J Phys Chem A, 119, 1127
[4] Bouwman, J., de Haas, A. J., & Oomens, J. 2016,
Chem Commun, 52, 2636
R. Burgwal1 W.R. Clements1, D.H.Smith2, J.C.Gates2, W.S. Kolthammer1, J.J.Renema1, and I.A.Walmsley1.1University of Oxford 2University of Southampton
Integrated photonics is a promising plat-form to build the next generation of optical devices, including reconfigurable multiport interferometers. We study the implementation of Haar-random unitary transformations, as required for Boson Sampling [1], in networks of coupled Mach-Zehnder interferometers. We find that the required reflectivity distribu-tion is strongly skewed towards low values [2], which is problematic given the fact that imperfect (non-50/50) beam splitters result in MZI’s with limited tunability. We show this issue can be mitigated by adding a small amount of redundancy in the network. Using this novel approach, one can perform more accurate linear transformations in realistic sys-tems, increasing accuracy without significantly increasing production demands.
[1] Aaronson, S., et al. 2013, Theory of Computing.
[2] Burgwal, Roel, et al. arXiv:1704.01945
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Dissociative photoionization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
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Random unitary transformati-ons in integrated photonics
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Simon Chefdeville1 Theo Cremers1, Niek Janssen1, Edwin Sweers1, Sven Koot1, Peter Claus1, and Sebastiaan Y. T. van de Meerakker1
1Radboud University Nijmegen
Molecular decelerators are the equivalent of linear accelerators for neutral species. Their ability to produce a molecular beam with a computer-controlled velocity and a very narrow velocity distribution make them the ideal tool for high-resolution collision experiments. Zeeman deceler-ators, which use the interaction between magnetic fields and paramagnetic atoms or molecules, have not been exploited yet in collision experiments.
We have developed a Zeeman decelerator which is optimized for collision experi-ments [1]. It consists of a series of alternat-ing coils and magnetic hexapoles, to focus the molecules respectively in the longitudi-nal and the transverse directions. A longer version of our decelerator, which allows for the deceleration of heavier species, has been recently implemented. First results will be presented, and future prospects will be discussed.
[1] T. Cremers, S. Chefdeville, N. Janssen, S. Koot, P.
Claud and S. Y. T. van de Meerakker, Phys. Rev. A. 95,
043415 (2017)
C. C. Chen, S. Bennetts, B. B. Pasquiou, and F. SchreckInstitute of Physics, University of Amsterdam
We are developing a machine aimed at producing a steady-state Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), a long standing goal within atomic physics. Continuous oper-ation relies on our experiment’s ability to simultaneously cool on both the narrow 7.4-kHz and the broad 30-MHz linewidth Sr transitions. We demonstrate continuous loading of strontium (84Sr) atoms into an optical dipole trap. By switching off the laser cooling light and holding atoms in the dipole trap for 900 ms without forced evaporative cooling, we achieve quantum degeneracy. We also demonstrate that a time-sequentially created BEC with a life-time of ~1 s can exist within MOT beams and a few millimetres from a steady-state MOT showing a path to continuously replenish a steady-state BEC. Both results are important steps towards a steady-state BEC.
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A multistage Zeeman decelerator optimized for collision experiments
Stepping stones towards a steady-state Bose-Einstein condensate
Dipole trap
MOT
BEC
Transparency Beam
K. G. Cognée1,2 , W. Yan1, A. F. Koenderink2, P. Lalanne1
1LP2N, Talence, France2 AMOLF, Amsterdam
When introduced in the vicinity of an op-tical resonator, a nanoscopic object, e.g. a molecule or a nano-particle, induces a local perturbation in the refractive index. This perturbation can shift the resonance fre-quency of the resonator, which can be used in a detection scheme. In the case of high quality factor (Q) dielectric micro-cavities, variations in the linewidth could also be exploited. In such systems, losses occur through radiation leaks. A perturbation brought close to the cavity will scatter an additional part of the cavity energy. These supplementary losses interfere with the in-trinsic losses; if interferences are construc-tive (more loss) or destructive (less loss), it possibly allows for either a decrease or an increase of Q.We demonstrate, taking a realistic micro-cavity as example, that a simple analytical formula introduced in [1] can accurately and readily predict the frequency shift as well as broadening or narrowing of a resonance.
[1] Yang, J.; Giessen, H. ; Lalanne, P. Nano Lett, 2008, 15
F.M.J. Cozijn1, E.J. Salumbides1, P. Dupré2 and W.M.G. Ubachs1 1VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands2Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de L’Atmos-phère, ULCO, Dunkerque, France
Noise-immune cavity-enhanced opti-cal heterodyne molecular spectroscopy (NICE-OHMS) has proven to be the most sensitive technique for sub-Doppler ab-sorption detection of molecular transitions in gas phase [1]. We have constructed a NICE-OHMS setup which is referenced to a cesium frequency standard by using a stabilized frequency comb. This combina-tion allows us to perform high-resolution sub-Doppler spectroscopy of extremely weak transitions in several molecular species in the 1.4 μm region. Sub-Doppler measurements on transitions of acetylene have been carried out to measure the line positions with high accuracy and study pressure-induced frequency shifts to give more insight into collisional models. The sub-Doppler lineshapes are measured for various pressure conditions to identify the respective roles of the transit-time and power broadening. This is possible by comparing the lineshape with a saturated absorption model adapted to NICE-OHMS.
[1] L. Ma, J. Ye, P. Dubé and J.L. Hall, J. Opt. Soc. B. 16,
2255 (1999).
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Perturbation of high-Q micro-cavities and tuning of radiation losses
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Frequency comb referenced NICE-OHMS: frequency me-trology and collision studies on acetylene in the 1.4 μm region
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L. De Angelis1,2, F. Alpeggiani1,2, A. Di Falco3, L. Kuipers1,2
1TU Delft, 2AMOLF, 3University of St Andrews (UK)
The complicated polarization state of a random light field can be illustrated by its polarization singularities. In two dimen-sions these are lines along which the polarization is linear (L-lines) and points of circular polarization (C-points). Even in random fields, the distribution of such C-points exhibits a clear spatial correla-tion. Interestingly, such distribution can be related back to the correlated structure of the optical vortices arising in the single vector of the same optical field [1,2].By means of near-field experiments we map C-points in random light. We demonstrate how their distribution strongly depends on the correlation between the vortices of the different vector field components.
[1] L. De Angelis, et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. (2016).
[2] M.R. Dennis, Opt. Commun. (2014).
Hugo Doeleman, Francesco Monticone, Wouter den Hollander , Andrea Alù, and Femius Koenderink FOM-Institute AMOLF, Amsterdam, The Netherlands UT Austin, Texas, USABound states in the continuum (BICs) are modes that, although energy and momentum conservation allow coupling to far-field radia-tion, do not show any radiation loss. As such, energy can theoretically be stored in the mode for infinite time. Such states have been shown to exist for e.g. photonic and acoustic waves. Despite intense research, the mechanism behind these states and their robustness is still poorly understood. Recently it was proposed theoretically that BICs occur at points where the far-field polarization of the radiated waves shows a vortex, i.e. points where the polari-zation is undefined1. In this work, we verify this claim experimentally. We fabricate a SiN grating and show that it supports an optical BIC around 700 nm wavelength. We then perform polarimetry measurements to map the far-field polarization at every angle and wavelength, demonstrating the existence of a vortex at the BIC.
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Vortices make circles: distri-bution of C-points in random light
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Experimental observation of a polarization vortex at a bound state in the continuum
Angular maps of reflectivity (bottom) and polarization
angle with respect to the x-axis in the x-y plane (top),
for several wavelengths. The vortex is visible in the
polarization of the rightmost bright ring, which represents
the TM mode.
1Zhen,
B., et al.
(2014).
Physical
review
letters,
113(25),
257401.
Norman Ewald1, Henning Fürst1, Jannis Joger1, Thomas Secker2, Thomas Feldker1 and René Gerritsma1
1Institute of Physics, Universiteit van Amsterdam2Institute for Coherence and Quantum Technology, TU Eindhoven
We report on our experiment which aims at studying ions interacting with ultracold Rydberg-dressed atoms. The polarizability of these dressed atoms can be very large, increasing the interactions between ions and atoms dramatically as compared to the ground state case. Both attractive and repulsive interaction potentials can be tailored by means of dressing laser fields. Repulsive interactions may be used to eliminate recently observed heating during atom-ion collisions in a Paul trap [1]. We calculate that the long-ranged interactions are mediated over micrometers and could be used to entangle atoms with ions, to mediate spin-spin interactions or to study spin-phonon couplings [2]. We discuss our experimental approach as well as a theoretical analysis of the Rydberg-dressed atom-ion interface.
[1] T. Secker, N. Ewald, J. Joger, H. Fürst, T. Feldker,
and R. Gerritsma, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 263201 (2017).
[2] T. Secker, R. Gerritsma, A. W. Glätzle, and A. Ne-
gretti, Phys. Rev. A 94, 013420 (2016).
Kevin Esajas, Parul Aggarwal, Artem Zapara, and Steven HoekstraVan Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity, University of Groningen
We utilize slow BaF molecules in their ground state for a precision measurement of the electron electric dipole moment (eEDM). Electric dipole moments of fundamental particles are very sensitive probes for T and with the CPT theorem CP symmetry violation beyond the standard model. CP violation effects are strongly en-hanced in heavy diatomic polar molecules, making them excellently suited to test this symmetry. To measure with high precision we require slow intense molecular beams. We are constructing a cryogenic buffer gas source that will produce molecular beams with velocities around 180 m/s. We have already constructed a 4.5 meter long Stark decelerator that we currently operate using SrF molecules. Combining the cryogen-ic source with the decelerator enables production of intense and slow (30 m/s) BaF molecular beams, resulting in low statistical uncertainty in the subsequent eEDM measurement. Currently the source is being commissioned and results of ongo-ing progress will be presented.
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Trapped ions in strongly polarizable atomic media
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Slow molecular beams of heavy diatomic polar molecules to probe T/CP violation
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Khalil Eslami Jahromi, Qing Pan, Julien Mandon, and Frans Harren
Department of Molecular and Laser PhysicsInstitute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands*Corresponding author: [email protected]
The rapid development of bright and stable supercontinuum (SC) source enables the fast advancement in laser absorption spec-troscopy. Here we present a combination of SC source and standard FTIR spectrometer as a robust method for trace gas detection with high resolution. We also design, test and compare alternative approaches by in-tegrating various versatile light dispersing elements. These preliminary results will be instructive for further optimization towards efficient and broadband gas sensing tech-nology.
C.A.A. Franken1 , C. Taballione1, R. Uppu2, P.W.H. Pinkse2, and K.-J. Boller1
1 Laser Physics & Nonlinear Optics (LPNO), 2 Complex Photonic Systems (COPS),University of Twente, the Netherlands
There is a growing demand for integrat-ed optical devices which offer enhanced stability and reliable fabrication. Integrated optical spectrometers with a wide range of operation is one highly desirable example. Compared to existing approaches such as arrayed waveguide gratings [1], we investigate unusually structured waveguide arrays. We present a theoretical-numerical approach to evaluate the optical transmis-sion through waveguide arrays with mutual evanescent coupling between adjacent waveguides, including random coupling. The approach was used to evaluate the transmission through an array of 100 coupled waveguides with a sinusoidal modulated width of fixed period but random phase, randomizing the strength of nearest-neighbour coupling. Waveguide ar-rays with various designs will be discussed in terms of the wavelength dependence of their transmission.
[1] P. Cheben et al., A high-resolution silicon-on-insula-
tor arrayed waveguide grating microspectrometer with
sub-micrometer aperture waveguides, Opt. Express 15,
2299 (2007)
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Towards efficient and broad-band trace gas detection using MIR supercontinuum source
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Exploring coupled waveguide arrays as spectrometers
--> Power distribution in an array of coupled waveguides
calculated for two different input wavelengths
J.G.H. Franssen1,2,.E.J.D. Vredenbregt1,2 and O.J. Luiten1,2 1 Department of Applied physics, Eindhoven University of Technology2 Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of [email protected]
We are developing an ultrafast and ultracold electron source, based on near-threshold, fem-tosecond photoionization of laser-cooled and trapped Rubidium gas. Recently, we demon-strated electron crystallography of graphite for the first time using the ultracold source. The ultimate goal is ultrafast, single-shot electron crystallography of macromolecules, which requires a high degree of control of the dense electron phase space distribution. The trans-verse phase space distribution was character-ized using the waistscan method and yielded electron temperatures as low as 10 K. For characterizing the longitudinal phase space distribution we have developed a microwave cavity based diagnostic element to correlate electron bunch lengths to streak images.This allows us to measure the pulse length with sub picosecond temporal resolution. We present the first measurements of both ultracold and ultrafast electron pulses which have an rms pulse duration of 20 picoseconds containing at least 1000 electrons. These bunches are sufficiently short to be compressed to 100 fs bunch lengths using established RF compres-sion techniques.
H. Fürst, J. Joger, N. Ewald, T. Feldker, and R. GerritsmaInstitute of Physics, Universiteit van Amsterdam
Rydberg states are characterized by long-Recent experiments have shown that the confining RF-field of ion traps can cause heating in hybrid atom-ion systems [1]. A large ion-atom mass ratio, e.g. Yb+ and 6Li, mitigates this problem [2]. We present experimental results on cold colli-sions between these species [4]: For atoms and ions prepared in the S1/2 ground state, inelastic collisions are suppressed by more than 103 compared to the Langevin rate, in agreement with theory [3]. The pros-pects of using 6Li and Yb+ in experiments aiming at sympathetic cooling or quantum technology are therefore excellent. Further we present data on inelastic collision rates for excited electronic states of the ion, as well as preliminary results on the dynamics of the 171Yb+ hyperfine spin impurity within the 6Li gas.
[1] Z. Meir et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 243401 (2016)
[2] M. Cetina et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 253201 (2012)
[3] M. Tomza et al., Phys. Rev. A 91, 042706 (2015)
[4] J. Joger et al, arXiv:1707.01729 (2017)
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Pulse length measurements of ultracold and ultrafast electron bunches extracted from a laser cooled gas
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Observation of cold collisions between Li and Yb+
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Zhi Gao, Tijs Karman, Sjoerd N. Vogels, Gerrit C. Groenenboom, Ad van der Avoird, and Sebastiaan Y. T. van de MeerakkerSpectroscopy of Cold Molecules, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University
Scattering processes play an important role in astrophysics and astrochemistry. To fully understand these processes, we need to study molecule-molecule collisions in greatest detail.In molecule-molecule inelastic collisions, both molecules may undergo a change of rotational quantum state. The measurement of product pair correlations reveals the state-to-state cross sections for both molecules in coincidence, which is an essential ingredient to unravel the scattering dynamics. Measurements of product pair correlations have been proven extremely challenging, and experimental data is thus far lacking
The combination of the Stark deceleration and velocity map imaging techniques allow for studies of atom-molecule collisions at very high resolution. Recently we extended this technique to molecule-molecule colli-sions, revealing product pair correlations for inelastic collisions between NO and O2 molecules.
Su-Hyun Gong1,2, Filippo Alpeggiani1,2, Beniamino Sciacca2, Erik C. Garnett2, Kobus Kuipers1,2,*
1Delft University of Technology2AMOLF
The transverse spin angular momentum of light in a nanophotonic structure provides a spin-photon path locking system. Here, we demonstrate a chiral interaction between an optical transverse spin of plasmonic nano-wire modes and the valley pseudospin of a transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDs) material. TMDs layers have direct band-gaps consisting of two (energy-degenerate) valleys at the corners of the Brillouin zone (K, K’). Their valley-dependent optical selection rules enable valley pseudospin to be controlled through the handedness of circular polarization. We exploit the high degree of transverse optical spin of a plasmonic nanowire on a TMD to achieve a one-to-one relation between pseudospint and the propagation direction of the modes resulting in a valley-photon path locking. Due to a stable valley polarization of our TMDs material, valley-controlled direc-tional emission is experimentally demon-strated even at room temperature with a high directionality.
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Product pairs correlation in molecule-molecule inelastic collision
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Valley-photon path locking using a nanophotonic structure
Siddharth Ghosh, Zeyu Kuang, Allard Mosk, and Sanli FaezDebye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Fluorescence-based techniques suffer from blinking, bleaching, and quenching of fluorophores. Such photophysical phe-nomena limits the temporal resolution of fluorescence-based techniques for studying fast processes such as diffusion dynam-ics and biomolecular interactions at the single-molecule level. We use resonance elastic light scattering (RELS) [1] as a non-dissipative single molecule detec-tion method at below Rayleigh scattering regime. The oscillator strength of excita-tion dipole defines the RELS intensity. Similarly, we observe RELS cross-section as a function of excitation wavelength. The physics of RELS are not well understood for fluorophores. Here we show RELS signals from dye molecules. We address question like: what happens to RELS sig-nals when fluorophore is bleached?
[1] RF Pasternack, PJ Collings, Science (1995) 269.
Siddharth Ghosh International Max Planck Research School for Physics of Biological and Complex Systems, Göttingen.III. Institute of Physics - Biophysics and Complex Systems, Göttingen.Current: Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University. Luminescent carbon nanodots (CND) are a recent addition to the family of carbon nanostructures. A large group of CNDs are fluorescent in the visible spectrum and possess single dipole emitters [1]. A large diversity is present for CND’s size and atomic edge topology in real samples are diverse. This hampers a direct comparison of experimental and theoretical findings to understand their photophysics. We derived atomistic models of finite sized (<2.5 nm) CNDs from HRTEM which are studied using approximate time-dependent density functional theory. A significant subset of models are found to be primarily 2D [1, 2] with visible ranged single excitation and emission dipoles. I will give an insight of carbon nanodots which I later name as graphene quantum dots due to their monoa-tomic 2D structures [2].
[1] Ghosh, S. et al. Nano letters (2014) 14.
[2] Ghosh, S. et al. 2D Materials, (2016) 3.
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Photophysics of resonance elastic light scattering from organic fluorophores
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Insight of carbon nanodots: From single particle experi-ment to linear response theory
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Ke Guo, Sachin Kasture and Femius Koenderink FOM Institute AMOLF
Despite attractive properties like bright-ness and good directivity, high resolution imaging using lasers is difficult because of speckle formation. Speckles are artefacts which occur due to high temporal and spa-tial coherence in lasers and cause unwanted degradation of images, ultimately making lasers unsuitable for imaging applications. To overcome this issue, we propose a type of lasers based on a ‘checkerboard’ of small plasmon lattices with different lattice constants. Each of these lattices uses strong plasmon-mediated scattering and operates as a distributed feedback (DFB) laser. When they are assembled in a ‘checkerboard’ pat-tern, additional lasing modes emerge with different spatial and spectral profiles, which reduces the temporal and spatial coherence, while retaining useful properties like low beam-divergence or etendue. In this work, we show preliminary measurement results on plasmon ‘checkerboard’ lasers and dis-cuss their spectral and coherence properties.
Alexei Halpin1, Niels van Hoof1, Arkabrata Bhattacharya1, Christiaan Mennes2, and Jaime Gómez Rivas1,3 1 DIFFER2 AMOLF3 Eindhoven University of Technology
Terahertz (THz) resonant structures present an attractive toolbox for the design of novel optoelectronic devices in the far-infrared. We use scanning probe near-field THz time- domain microscopy to present spectral maps of a periodic array of gold dolmen structures. The system consists of a first resonator that supports a bright resonance, which couples efficiently to the radiation field, and a second resonator that supports a dark resonance. The interaction of these two resonances gives rise to electromagnetically induced transparency, observed in the far-field. We measure the hybridization of these resonances in the near-field, and the efficient excitation of the dark resonance through the corresponding enhanced local fields in its vicinity.
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Plasmon ‘checkerboard’ lasers: towards low etendue, speckle free light sources
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Near-field microscopy of electro-magnetically induced transpa-rency in terahertz Dolmens
Javier Hernandez-Rueda, and Dries van OostenDebye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University
We have investigated the surface ablation dynamics of water upon femtosecond laser pulse excitation. We used time-resolved microscopy to study the transient reflectiv-ity for time delays that expands from few femtoseconds to tens of nanoseconds. We experimentally observe the formation of a hot electron plasma (~1 ps), an explosively expanding water vapour (10 ps-10 ns) and a shockwave in air (3-10 ns). The energy deposited by the laser is then theoretically estimated by simulating its propagation while it interacts with water and modifies the dielectric function dynamically using a 2D-FDTD routine. The extremely non-linear laser-matter interaction is described using the multiple rate equations method. The laser energy coupled into the material is estimated from the electron plasma population and com-pared with the energy released both by the expanding vapour and the shockwave in air that we observe during the experiments.
Joël Hussels, Cunfeng Cheng, Edcel Salumbides, Hendrik L. Bethlem, Wim Ubachs.LaserLaB Vrije Universiteit
On-chip modulation, optical switching and The dissociation energy (D0) of H2 is a benchmark value in quantum chemistry and has recently become well calculable from QED-theory. Its value is a target to test the Standard Model of Physics. Precise measurement of the GK-X transition can in combination with other measurements provide a value of D0. The GK-X tran-sition will be measured by making use of a Doppler-free two-photon transition using VUV radiation, upconverted from a narrow-band pulsed Ti-Sa laser system at 716 nm. The Ti-Sa output will be quadru-pled to 179 nm by frequency doubling in a BBO crystal and subsequently in a special KBBF crystal. Locking the output of a continuous-wave Ti-Sa laser, which injec-tion seeds a pulsed Ti-Sa oscillator, to a frequency comb can lead to a very precise measurement. To optimize the ion-signal, the GK-state will be ionized using the most favourable auto-ionizing state. Predictions of this auto-ionizing state are done using Multichannel Quantum Defect Theory (MQDT). The goal is to improve the value of D0 by an order of magnitude.
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Time-resolved study of femtosecond laser ablation on a water/air interface
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Towards an improved measure-ment of the dissociation energy of H2
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T.Johri, R.Skannrup, S.Kokkelmans and E.Vredenbregt Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Physics Eindhoven, Netherlands
Storing laser-cooled Rydberg atoms in a lat-tice offers the possibility to simulate a broad range of quantum processes. Van der Waals forces for Rydberg atoms are many orders of magnitude greater than those of ground state atoms, allowing strong correlations to be induced as required for a quantum simulator. By shaping light with a spatial light modulator and blockade phenomena, a lattice can be created from a random gas as provided by a magneto-optical trap. Previously, we have demonstrated spatial imaging of Rydberg atoms with few-mi-cron resolution leading to the observation of a blockade radius in the pair correlation function. We are currently working on understanding the 2-photon excitation from both 2-level and 3-level perspectives to investigate Rydberg interactions. Eventual-ly, we want to create one Rydberg atom per lattice site and create controlled interactions to simulate quantum simulation.
Contact e-mail: [email protected]
[1] New J. Phys.17 023045
[2] Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 163001
T. de Jongh, Q. Shuai, S. N. Vogels, A. Van Roij, A. van der Avoird, G. C. Groenenboom, and S. Y. T. van de Meerakker Institute for Molecules and Materials Spectrocscopy of Cold Molecules, Radboud University
At specific energies in molecular scattering, particles can form a quasi-bound complex for a short period of time. These so-called scattering resonances manifest themselves as rapid variations in the scattering cross sections as a function of the collision energy. Furthermore, they have a profound influence on the angular distribution of the scattering products. Scattering resonances provide great insight into molecular inter-actions as their nature depends on the full range of the interaction potential.
However, the effects of resonances on the angular distribution of the scattering products have proven to be extremely challenging to observe experimentally due to the requirement of low collision energies. We present a setup that combines the Stark deceleration and Velocity Map Imaging techniques. In the apparatus the particles scatter at an angle of 10°, allowing for col-lision energies below 1 K. We report recent measurements of resonances in NO-He and NO-H2 collisions.
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Optically imprinted Rydberg atom lattice
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Imaging of partial wave resonances in low-energy molecular scattering
O.N. van Leeuwen, E. Marakis, R. Uppu, and P.W.H PinkseMESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente
Inspired by applications in wavefront shaping [1], we propose an approach to create static wavefront shaping masks that could control light propagation through a disordered medium.To this end we design diffractive optical elements (DOE) [2] with well-defined phase control of the light. We report our progress on fabrication such DOEs with direct laser writing [3], and their optical characterization with off axis holography. This work will be beneficial to a number of applications such as lighting, fiber commu-nication, security and solar cells.
References
[1] I. M. Vellekoop and A. P. Mosk, Opt. Lett. 32, 2309
(2007).
[2] B. Jia, J. Serbin, H. Kim, B. Lee, J. Li, and M. Gu,
Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, (2007).
[3] J. Fischer and M. Wegener, Laser Photon. Rev. 7,
22 (2013).
O.V. Lushchikova, D.M.M. Huitema, P. López-Tarifa, L. Visscher Z. Jamshidi, and J. M. BakkerFELIX Laboratory, Radboud University
The continuous growth of atmospheric CO2 levels leads to climate change and acidifi-cation of the oceans. Recycling of CO2 into liquid fuels, such as methanol, could keep its atmospheric concentrations constant. Currently, methanol is produced industri-ally from CO2 using a Cu-ZnO catalyst, re-quiring elevated pressure and temperatures. To reduce the energy consumed in this process, it is imperative to understand the catalytic reaction mechanism to develop novel catalysts.The active sites of technical catalysts often consist of microscopically small metal particles, whose chemical properties are very sensitive to the slightest of changes. Therefore, a detailed under-standing of these centers at the atomic and molecular level is indispensable.We aim to unravel the reaction mechanism of CO2 hydrogenation over size-selected Cu clusters. As a first step, the structure of cationic Cu clusters is determined by com-paring experimental IR action spectra with theoretical spectra obtained using DFT and BOMD calculations. Additionally, first spectroscopic signatures of the nature of CO2 adsorption on Cu clusters will be presented.
P 37
Diffractive optical elements for wavefront shaping
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The reaction mechanism of CO2 hydrogenation over copper clusters
52 53
Jesse Mak, Marco A. G. Porcel, Peter J. M. van der Slot, and Klaus-J. Boller MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente
A major issue in integrated optics is the protection of on-chip lasers against unde-sired external feedback. In non-integrated systems, undesired reflections can be easily blocked using Faraday isolators. However, Faraday isolators require magneto-optic materials, which are difficult to integrate into compact devices. Yu and Fan [1] have proposed a non-magnetic integrated isolator, in which a transverse mode of an optical waveguide is converted to another trans-verse mode only for a single propagation direction. However, the best implementation so far [2], based on a transversely non-uni-form index modulation in a semiconductor, showed high losses. We present a novel design to achieve such a modulation in low-loss dielectric waveguides, using surface acoustic waves. We theoretically describe how to realize the two most essential features, which are a short interaction length and a wide isolation bandwidth..
[1] Nat. Photon. 3, 91-94 (2009)
[2] Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 033901 (2012)
Reinier van der Meer, Ravitej Uppu, and Pepijn W.H. Pinkse Complex Photonic Systems (COPS), MESA+ In-stitute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, The Netherlands
In most applications, MS/MS methods are We study the random walk of multi-ple photons in a massively multichannel system. The network consists of 3300 nearest-neighbour coupled silicon nitride waveguides embedded in silica. The photon correlation arising from the quantum inter-ference between multiple single photons is measured using an intensified CCD at the output of the network. We further aim to control the multi-photon correlations in the network by structuring the incident states of quantum light. This procedure enables a versatile platform for studying quantum correlations, such as multi-photon boson sampling, without modifying the physical system. We will report on the latest progress in this experiment
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On-chip optical isolator using surface acoustic waves
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Multi photon correlations in a multichannel network
Christiaan Mennes1* and Femius Koenderink1
1 Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
Dibenzoterrylene (DBT) molecules hosted by crystalline Anthracene (Ac) exhibit very bright and stable fluorescence at 785 nm [1]. The emission linewidth is lifetime-lim-ited (40MHz) at liquid helium temper-atures [2]. These characteristics make DBT an appealing candidate for quantum information experiments. We are interest-ed in controlling light-matter interaction with plasmonic resonators, and hybrid plasmonic-dielectric resonators. As our group has no track record in DBT physics, we are currently building up the required infrastructure. I will report on the construc-tion of a low-temperature PL microscope to interrogate DBT coupled to plasmonic structures. As first test structures we are considering the construction of patch an-tennas, where Ac is sandwiched between a gold film and circular metal disks. I will discuss the fabrication and design, as constrained by the Ac matrix.
References
[1] J.-B. Trebbia, H. Ruf, Ph. Tamarat, and B. Lounis
Opt. Express 17, 23986.
[2] Nicolet, A. A. L., Hofmann, C., Kol’chenko, M.
A., Kozankiewicz, B. and Orrit, M., ChemPhysChem
8, 1215.
Silvia Musolino, Victor Colussi, and Servaas KokkelmansEindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Signatures of the three-body physics have recently appeared in the observables of strongly-interacting Bose gases [1, 2, 3]. Therefore, it is necessary to theoretically un-derstand how few-body physics evolves into the many-body problem. We use the method of cumulants to generalize the many-body problem to include three-body physics and finite-range potentials. These ideas are based on a successful model of the unitary Fermi gas, coined resonance superfluidity [4]. In this model we track the dynamics of the few-body correlations, including the three-body correlation function. Importantly, this function contains the probability to find a three-body bound state, an Efimov state, in the presence of many particles.References
[1] P. Makotyn, C. E. Klauss, D. L. Goldberger, E. A.
Cornell, and D. S. Jin, Nat. Phys., 10 (2014) 116.
[2] R. J. Fletcher, R. Lopes, J. Man, N. Navon, R. P.
Smith, M. W. Zwierlein, and Z. Hadzibabic, Science,
355 (2017) 377.
[3] C. E. Klauss, X. Xie, C. Lopez-Abadia, J. P.
D’Incao, Z. Hadzibabic, D. S. Jin, and E. A. Cornell,
arXiv:1704.01206 (2017).
[4] S. J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans, J. N. Milstein, M. L.
Chiofalo, R. Walser, and M. J. Holland, Phys. Rev. A,
65 (2002) 053617.
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Single molecule microscopy at cryogenic temperatures
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Three-Body correlations in the unitary Bose gas
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Faisal Nadeem, Julien Mandon, Simona M. Cristescu, and Frans J.M. HarrenMolecular and Laser Physics, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
Off-Axis integrated Cavity output Spec-troscopy (OA-ICOS) is highly sensitive ab-sorption spectroscopic method in a simple, stable and robust design, with no need to lock the cavity to the laser [1, 2]. One of the disadvantage attached with this method is the low throughput power due to use of the high reflectivity mirrors. Here, we present an improved version of OA-ICOS with increased output power onto the detector using 3 mirror linear cavity. For this, we developed a 3-D ray tracing produce via grid-search and genetic algorithms by adding an extra mirror with a small entrance hole to recycle the lost light from the first absorption cavity mirror. We used an exter-nal cavity diode laser in combination with 3-mirror OA-ICOS and an enhancement factor of 38 is achieved.
References
[1] J. B. Paul, et al , Applied Optics, 4904-4910, 40(27)
(2001)
[2] G.S. Engel , et al.,. Applied Optics, 9221-9229,
45(36) (2006)
M.A.W. van Ninhuijs1, F.M.J.H. van de Wetering1, J. Beckers1, G.J.H. Brussaard2, and O.J. Luiten1
1Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Applied Physics, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands 2ASML, De Run 6501, 5504 DR, Veldhoven, The NetherlandsWe have set up a compact magneto-optical trap, based on a diffractive grating chip [1], for ultracold experiments with Rydberg plasmas. This setup will be used to create a Rydberg plasma, by trapping and laser cooling the at-oms of rubidium gas down to ̃100 µK. These atoms will be photo-ionized near-threshold in a two-step photo-ionization process, using a 780 nm excitation laser and a 480 nm ion-ization laser.The rubidium plasma generated is then used in order to study the funda-mental interaction between the plasma and the electromagnetic fields inside a resonant microwave cavity. This is done in the context of developing microwave cavity resonance spectroscopy as a novel beam metrology tool in ASML’s EUV lithography devices. In order to test the fundamental limits of the interaction of a plasma with the electromagnetic fields in a microwave cavity, a well-defined ultracold rubidium plasma will be used as a model plas-ma to test the EUV beam monitor with a high accuracy. Moreover, it opens up the possibility to investigate interesting heating mechanisms in these exotic plasmas, like three-body recombination (which is expected to deviate from conventional ultracold plasma physics in the presence of a microwave electric field [2]).
P 43
External cavity diode laser based 3-mirror off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy
P 44
Ultracold plasma experiments with microwave cavity resonance spectroscopy
Joost Offermans, Jasper van Rens, Wouter Verhoeven, Erik Kieft, Peter Mutsaers, and Jom LuitenGroup Coherence & Quantum TechnologyEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Netherlands
We are studying ponderomotive scattering of electron bunches off a standing wave. The electron bunches are created with a horizontal tilled SEM and are chopped using RF cavities. The standing wave is created by overlapping two fs laser pulses. We have already achieved the creation of the electron bunches and spatial and temporal overlap of two 30 fs laser pulses. If we manage to overlap the electron bunches with the stand-ing wave, we plan to study the polarization dependence and relativistic effects of the experiment. The ultimate goal is to achieve diffraction of electrons on a standing laser wave. This is called the Kapitza-Dirac effect, which can be used as an electron beam splitter.
O. Onishchenko, S. Pyatchenkov, A. Urech, G. A. Siviloglou, and F. Schreck Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam
Ultracold quantum gases provide an oppor-tunity to engineer Hamiltonians that model condensed matter phenomena. Strontium, being an alkaline-earth element, has narrow intercombination lines, metastable excited electronic states, and ten collisionally-sta-ble SU(N)-symmetric nuclear spin states. These properties open new perspectives for Hamiltonian engineering.We are at the final stage of building a versatile Sr machine with a quantum gas microscope. After precooling using a broad blue transition, we collect 107 atoms at 2 μK in a narrow-line red MOT. A dipole trap for evaporation to quantum degeneracy is under construction. Our first goal is an arti-ficial gauge field experiment with fermions. Afterwards we will push towards lattice quantum gas microscopy.
P 45
Ponderomotive scattering of electron pulses
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A versatile strontium quantum gas machine with a microscope
Figure: Blue MOT fluorescence (left) and red MOT absorption
(right) images
56 57
Pritam Pai1, Jeroen Bosch1, and Allard Mosk1
1Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
The transmission matrix of a sample relates the incident light field to the transmitted one [1]. Elements of the transmission matrix can be measured in a spatial basis set by scanning the incident beam and recording the corre-sponding transmitted fields [2]. The open and closed transmission channels of the medium [3] can be found by a singular value decompo-sition of the transmission matrix. We present a new procedure for accurately measuring the transmission matrix by optimiz-ing the scan pattern of the incident light, as shown in Fig. 1.
[1] C.W.J. Beenakker, Rev. Mod. Phys., 69, 731 (1997)
[2] S.M. Popoff, Phys. Rev. Lett, 104, 50 (2010)
[3] I. M. Vellekoop, Phys. Rev. Lett, 101, 120601 (2008)
Sayan Patra1, M. Germann1, K.S.E. Eikema1, W. Ubachs1, and J.C.J. Koelemeij1
1Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
We report progress towards Doppler-free quasi-degenerate two-photon spectroscopy of trapped, sympathetically cooled HD+ ions, through the (v,L):(0,3)-->(4,2)-->(9,3) overtones at 1.44 µm. Detailed numerical simulations assuming parameters from our experimental setup affirmed the feasibility of spectroscopy at the level of 2×10^-12 or below. This would allow the most stringent test of molecular theory (including high-or-der molecular QED) so far, at the level of 1×10^-11. Agreement between theory and ex-periment would subsequently enable a new determination of the proton-electron mass ratio, with a precision improved by more than one order of magnitude as compared to a recent determination by our group, and comparable with the most precise determi-nation (obtained from Penning trap mass spectroscopy) to date. We present the first experimental observation of the two-photon transition, and discuss the prospects of the experiment, including the possibility to de-termine several fundamental constants from spectroscopy of hydrogen molecular ions, and the suitability of the HD+ molecular ion as a probe of physics beyond the Standard Model.
P 47
Measuring the transmission matrix of strongly scattering media
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Doppler-free two-photon spectro-scopy of trapped, laser-cooled HD+ ions
--> Figure 1: Conventional square lattice vs. optimized
triangular lattice for scanning the incident light.
Marcin Płodzień, Tomasz Sowiński and Servaas KokkelmansEindhoven University of Technology
In particular, quantum simulators would be very useful to study certain problems in bio-physics which are too difficult to simulate on a classical computer. Here we consider a problem related to ex-citation transport on proteins, in form of a so-called Davydov soliton, for which only indirect experimental evidence exists. We show that the quantum simulator can be in the same regime of parameters as the bio system using a quantum simulator based on dressed Rydberg atoms, and as such therefore the mechanism can be directly studied.
Vikram Plomp1, Zhi Gao1 and Sebastiaan Y. T. van de Meerakker1
1Spectroscopy of Cold Molecules, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen
Velocity Map Imaging (VMI) detection has proved to be well suited for molec-ular beam experiments. For controlled molecule-molecule scattering experiments, however, the use of two crossed Stark de-celerated beams presents a challenge: The reduced beam densities lead to extremely low signal levels. Furthermore, the electric field inside the VMI detector causes the appearance of background signal due to parity mixing.Signal levels can be increased by in-creasing the size of the properly mapped ionization volume, while decreasing the electric field in this region reduces parity mixing background. An improved VMI detector was designed using the SIMION® simulation package, providing increased mapping resolution, increased ionization volume and decreased parity mixing.
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Quantum physics and life sciences attract research at the interface between both fields
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Improved Velocity Map Imaging detection for molecule-molecule collisions
58 59
Marco Porcel1, Jörn Epping2, Marcel Hoek-man2, Peter van der Slot1, and Klaus Boller1
1University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands2LioniX International B.V., Enschede
Integrated optical waveguides based on stoichiometric silicon nitride (Si3N4) have demonstrated record low loss and a broad spectral transparency range. The third-or-der nonlinearity and wide transparency has enabled the demonstration of the widest supercontinuum, of nearly 500 THz, generated on an optical chip [1]. Using Si3N4 wave-guides with a large-area core and a 1064-nm, 6.2-ps pump laser, we demonstrate that the third-order nonlinearity can generate, via the photo-galvanic effect, a long-lived second-or-der nonlinearity with a spatial grating suitable for quasi-phase matched second harmonic generation. The second harmonic signal is observed for various waveguide cross-sec-tions, and, for an uninitialized waveguide, the signal grows over time before it saturates. This time-dependent initial growth suggests that the conversion is based on a photo-induced charge relocation, known as the photo-galvan-ic effect. After the second-order nonlinearity is established, we observe the expected quadratic dependence on input power and relative spec-tral narrowing of the second harmonic signal.[1] J. P. Epping, T. Hellwig, M.Hoekman, R. Mateman,
A. Leinse, R. G. Heideman, A. van Rees, P. J.M. van
der Slot, C. J. Lee, C. Fallnich, and K.-J. Boller, Opt.
Express 23, 19596-19604 (2015)
Danna Qasim1, Ko-Ju Chuang1,2, Gleb Fedos-eev3, Sergio Ioppolo4, Ewine van Dishoeck2, and Harold Linnartz1
1 Sackler Laboratory for Astrophysics, Leiden Observatory2Leiden Observatory3 INAF—Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania4The Open University
The formation of methanol on icy grains in cold interstellar clouds is generally related to hydrogenation reactions during the catastrophic CO freeze-out stage. This explains why CO and CH3OH are mixed in interstellar ices. However, astronomical observations hint that CH3OH may also be formed before the CO freeze-out stage in H2O-rich ice. Here we present a systematic laboratory study to investigate whether CH3OH can be formed in H2O-rich ice under cold dense core conditions through the solid-state reaction of CH4 and OH, recently investigated theoretically [1]. At 10 K, we find through RAIRS and TPD that CH3OH formation takes place through the sequential chain, CH4+OH-->CH3+H2O and CH3+OH-->CH3OH. The efficiency of the CH4 + OH reaction is compared to the CO + H reaction chain [2].
[1] T. Lamberts et al., Astronomy & Astrophysics 599
(2017) A132
[2] D. Qasim et al., Astronomy & Astrophysics, in prep.
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Photo-induced second-harmonic generation in silicon nitride waveguides
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Solid-state formation of me-thanol at 10 K through CH4 and OH reactions
Danna Qasim1, Gleb Fedoseev2, Ko-Ju Chuang1,3, Sergio Ioppolo4, Ewine van Dishoeck3, and Harold Linnartz1 1. Sackler Laboratory for Astrophysics, Leiden Observatory2INAF—Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania3Leiden Observatory4The Open University
In a previous laboratory study, the nonen-ergetic solid-state formation of glycolalde-hyde and ethylene glycol was demonstrated at 13 K via sequential H-atom additions to CO ice and recombination reactions of reactive intermediates. Here we show that this mechanism can be extended to the formation of an even more complex organic molecule (COM), glycerol (HOCH-2CH(OH)CH2OH) [1], which is a vital component of cellular life. Proof is given using RAIRS and TPD experiments under UHV conditions, using our SURFRESIDE2 [2] setup. The work presented here shows that glycerol can be formed at low tempera-tures, nonenergetically, and along the same reaction pathway as that of the previously formed species. Moreover, the reaction scheme holds the potential to form even more COMs, such as ribose, a prebiotically even more important species.
[1] G. Fedoseev et al., Astrophys. J. 842 (2017) A52
[2] S. Ioppolo et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84 (2013) 073112
J.F.M. van Rens1*, W. Verhoeven1, E.R. Kieft2, P.H.A. Mutsaers1, and O.J. Luiten1 1 Department of Applied Physics, Coherence and Quantum Technology Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands 2 FEI Company, Achtseweg Noord 5, 5651 GG Eindhoven, the Netherlands* [email protected] are studying the possibility of using a mi-crowave TM110 ‘streak’ cavity in combina-tion with a slit to chop a continuous electron beam into ultrashort electron pulses. We have shown in theory, simulation and experiment that this can be done with minimal increase in transverse emittance and longitudinal energy spread. The cavity can create pulses at a repe-tition rate of 3 GHz, but by driving the two or-thogonal cavity modes independently, we can reduce this to 75 MHz. When synchronized to a mode-locked laser system, this should allow for high-frequency pump-probe exper-iments with the spatial resolution of high-end electron microscopes, combined with 100 fs temporal resolution, and without the need for amplified laser systems.At Eindhoven Uni-versity of Technology we have inserted such a cavity in a 200 kV FEI Tecnai microscope. We have measured ~1 ps electron pulses, accurately synchronized to our Ti:Sapph oscillator, with only 10W of input power. We have measured that the transverse emittance and energy spread of our original TEM beam are fully maintained. We are now working towards our first pump-probe experiment.
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Formation of glycerol through hydrogenation of CO ice under prestellar core conditions
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Ultrafast electron microscopy using resonant RF deflection cavities
60 61
C. F. Roth, L. S. Dreissen, R. K. Altmann and K. S. E. EikemaLaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
We aim to measure the 1S-2S transition of singly-ionized helium confined in a linear Paul trap with a relative accuracy of 1:1013 (below 1 kHz) for new precision tests of bound-state QED. Furthermore, by comparison with recent spectroscopic measurements performed on muonic-heli-um ions, it will also provide new informa-tion for the “proton radius puzzle” [1]. To excite the transition we will employ Ram-sey-comb spectroscopy [2], based on pairs of amplified and upconverted frequency comb laser pulses. The mJ-level pulses at 790 nm enable to generate 32 nm through high-harmonic generation in an argon jet. The combination of the extreme ultraviolet and the fundamental pulses induces the 1S-2S transition with high efficiency. An additional singly-ionized beryllium ion in the trap will be used for sympathetic cooling and detection of the transition in the helium ion.
[1] R. Pohl et al., Science 353, 669 (2016).
[2] J. Morgenweg et al., Nature Physics 10, 30 (2014).
Carla Sanna1, Arthur La Rooij1;2, Ben van Lin-den van den Heuvell1, and Robert Spreeuw1
1Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, UvA2Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS
We present our route towards quantum simulations based on ultracold 87Rb atoms trapped in nanofabricated magnetic lattices. This system provides a versatile and tunable platform to study of strongly interacting quantum many-body systems, including Hubbard and spin models. Our on-chip approach offers the opportunity to design different geometries and length scales, allowing the investigation of new physical regimes arising from the increasing interaction strength in smaller lattices. The achievable resolution is tens of nm with lattice parameters down to 200nm. In the new chip, we focused our attention on new lattice geometries, Kagome and honeycomb (super-)lattices, and in the design of novel patterns with length scales ranging from 250nm up to 5µm, tapered structure, on single chip.
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Towards Ramsey-comb spectroscopy of the 1S-2S tran-sition in singly-ionized helium
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Towards quantum simulation with ultracold atoms trapped in magnetic nanolattices
Marcel Scholten, Sebastiaan Greveling and Dries van Oosten
Debye Institute for Nanomaterial Science and EMMEPH Utrecht University
In current experiments on Bose-Einstein Condensation of photons in our group, as well as in all other groups in the field, a dye-filled microcavity is used. Dye-filled microcavities are attractive for their experi-mental simplicity and because they produce condensates of bare photons.In the semicon-ductor community, the chosen road towards BEC makes use of exciton-polaritons.The use of semiconductor materials offer these condensates control over the effective interaction strength as well as a means of ultrafast control. To get the best of both worlds we work towards obtaining BEC of bare photons in a semiconductor system. To achieve this we explore several possibilities. One option is the deposition of a thin layer on one of the mirrors using chemical bath growth or physical vapor deposition. Anoth-er option is to use a suspension of quantum dots. We present the optical properties of these systems and discuss their feasibility to obtain Bose-Einstein Condensation.
Yin Tao1, Rob Hagmeijer1, Bert Bastiaens1, Siew Jean Goh1, Peter van der Slot1, Sandra Biedron2, Stephen Milton3, and Klaus Boller1
1University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands2University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia3Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA
High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in clusters is of high promise because clusters appear to offer an increased optical nonlin-earity. We experimentally investigate HHG from Argon clusters in a supersonic gas jet that can generate monomer-cluster mixtures with varying atomic number density and associated liquid mass fraction, g, and average cluster size. To obtain the single-at-om response from atoms within the cluster, we use two models to theoretically obtain both the expected high-order harmonic yield from monomers and g. Our analysis shows an enhanced single-at-om response from atoms in clusters of small size (<3000 atoms) with an enhancement up to a factor of 100 for clusters containing fewer than 500 atoms. Our observations agree with the atom-to-cluster picture where, for small clusters, spreading of the bound part of the electron wave function after ionization over the whole cluster allows coherent recombination with any ion inside the cluster leading to an enhanced polarizability.
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Towards a semiconductor photon Bose-Einstein conden-sate
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Enhanced high-order harmonic generation from Argon clusters
62 63
Jasper Smits, Sanne Loth and Peter van der Straten Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Center for Extreme Matter and Emergent Phenomena, Utrecht University
Imaging cold atoms has traditionally been performed by fluorescence or absorption imaging. Due to large optical densities achieved in Bose-Einstein condensates, it is usually not possible to image the atoms in-situ using these methods. Moreover, fluorescence and absorption imaging tech-niques are destructive, as they rely on the scattering of light.
We propose a technique using detuned light, relying on the phase shift induced by the atoms, rather than light scattering. The signal light interferes with a refer-ence beam coming in under an angle, as in off-axis holography. From the result-ing interference pattern, the phase delay induced by the atoms can be retrieved. This technique is non-destructive as light is detuned from resonance. Using left- and right-circular polarized light, it also allows for contrast between different spin species.
We present theoretical background and preliminary results. We also elaborate on how to apply this technique in the imaging of spin domain wall-dynamics in spinor BECs.
Guoqiang Tang, Matthieu Besemer, Zhi Gao, Tim de Jongh, Gerrit C. Groenenboom, Ad van der Avoird, and Sebastiaan Y.T. van de MeerakkerSpectroscopy of Cold Molecules, Institute for Mol-ecules and Materials, Radboud University
A detailed understanding of molecular in-teractions is crucial for the interpretation of microscopic dynamics. Crossed molecular beam experiments proved to be a useful experimental approach to probe molecular interactions. Despite the success studying collisions between molecules and rare-gas atoms [1], bimolecular collisions are both theoretically and experimentally more challenging.We studied collisions between NO(X2Π1/2, j=1/2, f) molecules and ortho-D2 using a crossed molecular beam set-up combined with a Stark decelerator and velocity map imaging, and observed rotational de-excita-tion of D2 (J=2-->0) molecules. Addition-ally, the angular distributions at very high resolution for different final states of NO were obtained. The experimental results agree with our simulations that are based on theoretically calculated DCSs using coupled-channels (CC) calculations and a state-of-the-art interaction potential [2].
[1] Jolijn Onvlee et al, Nature Chemistry 9, 226 (2017)
[2] Tim de Jongh et al, J. Chem. Phys. 147, 013918 (2017)
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Holographic imaging of Bose-Einstein condensates
Rotational de-excitation in NO+ortho-D2 inelastic collisions
T. B. H. Tentrup, W. M. Luiten, R. van der Meer, P. Hooijschuur, and P. W. H. PinkseUniversity of Twente
Secure transfer of information is essential in today’s society. Secure communication is possible when parties share a common secret key. The quantum aspects of light can be utilized for secure distant key generation. The Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) pro-tocol proposed by Bennett and Brassard in 1984 (BB84) uses the 2-dimensional polari-zation states of single photons and is conse-quently limited to a key generation density of 1 bit per sifted photon. We increase this key density by encoding information in the transverse spatial displacement of the used photons. This higher-dimension-al Hilbert space together with modern single-photon-detecting cameras allow to encode more than 10 bit per photon. Here we show large-alphabet QKD with 4096 symbols in the translation real space and use their Fourier transform in k-space as a second non-orthogonal mutually unbiased basis necessary for the BB84 protocol. We experimentally demonstrate an information content of over 8 bit per sifted photon and discuss the security of our method.
C. Toebes1, T. B. H. Tentrup1 and P. W. H. Pinkse1 1Complex Photonic Systems (COPS), MESA+ Institute for nanotechnology, University of Twente
Quantum Secure Authentication (QSA) is a method recently developed to authenticate a multiple-scattering key [1]. Previous imple-mentations only showed proof-of-principle setups. We present a design of a compact and robust demonstration device for Quantum Secure Authentication. The challenge and response formation is performed by digital micromirror devices in a super pixel configu-ration [2]. The setup is designed to be able to operate in the classical and quantum regime, in order to be used for key alignment as well as authentication measurements. Here we will discuss the design criteria and deci-sions and first experimental results.
[1] S. A. Goorden, M. Horstmann, A. P. Mosk, B. Škorić,
and P. W. H. Pinkse, Optica 1, 421–424 (2014)
[2] S. A. Goorden, J. Bertolotti, and A. P. Mosk, Opt.
Express 22, 17999 - 18009 (2014)
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Large-alphabet Quantum Key Distribution using spatially encoded light
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Design of a Super-Pixel-Based quantum secure authentication demonstrator
Figure 1: Photograph of actual setup with scale. (1) The
laser, (2) the fiber output coupler, (3) DMD, (4) lens, (5)
200 иm pinhole
64 65
F. Torretti1,2, A. Windberger1,3, A. Borschevsky4, A. Ryabtsev5, E. V. Kahl6, S. Dobrodey3, H. Bek-ker3, W. Ubachs1,2, R. Hoekstra1,4, J. C. Berengut6, J. R. Crespo López-Urrutia3, and O. O. Versolato1 1 ARCNL, Amsterdam2 Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam3 MPIK, Heidelberg4 University of Groningen, Groningen5 ISAN and EUV Labs, Moscow6 University of New South Wales, Sidney
Line identifications and level assignment in the highly charged Sn7+…14+, emitters of 13.5 nm light in nanolithographic process-es, challenge both theory and experiment due to their open 4d subshells. We acquired novel spectral data in the optical and ex-treme ultraviolet regimes in a charge-state-resolved manner using an electron beam ion trap. Using Fock space coupled cluster, configuration interaction with many body perturbation theory (both ab initio methods) and semi-empirical calculations within the Cowan code framework, we identified levels and transitions within the ground complexes of these ions showing that previous identifications need to be revisited [1,2].
[1] A. Windberger et al, Phys. Rev. A 94, 012506 (2016)
[2] F. Torretti et al, Phys. Rev. A 95, 042503 (2017)
M. T. Trivikram1, X. Zhao2, M. Diouf1, M. Schloesser2, W. Ubachs1, and E. J. Salumbides1
1LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam2Tritium Laboratory Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
Accurate measurements on molecular hydrogen have been used to confront the most accurate ab initio molecular quantum calculations. Recent accurate comparisons have facilitated tests of QED in molecular theory, and even in searches for new effects beyond the Standard Model. Tests on different isotopomers including T2, HT and DT, enable consistency checks on both experiments and theories, making the results of the respective investigations and subsequent comparisons more robust. We present our measurements on the fundamental vibrational band of molecular tritium, based on Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy, with an improved accuracy of more than an order of magnitude.
P 63
Spectroscopy of many-valence electron open 4d-Shell ions
P 64
CARS spectroscopy on molecular tritium
M.C. Velsink, E. Marakis, R. Uppu, and P.W.H. Pinkse MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente
We are interested in finding templates for direct laser writing of deterministic uncor-related multiple scattering media. To this end, we want to fill space in a homogeneous way with random lines. It turns out that this is a remarkably difficult problem, which is related to a paradox found by J. Bertrand in 1889. Following insights from Jaynes [1], we solve this problem in 2D and find an analytic expression for the distribution of line lengths. We discuss progress towards solving the 3D case..
Figure 1: Image of a cube homogeneously filled with random lines.
References:
[1] E.T. Jaynes, The Well-Posed Problem, Found. Phys.
3, 477-493 (1973)
W. Verhoeven1, J.F.M. van Rens1, W.F. Toonen1, E.R. Kieft2, P.H.A. Mutsaers1, and O.J. Luiten1
1Eindhoven University of Technology2Thermo Fisher ScientificElectronic mail: [email protected]
At the Eindhoven University of Technology, a new method to perform time-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy (TR-EELS) is being developed. TR-EELS is a powerful technique that can be used to measure the dynamics of a wide variety of processes. However, with conventional methods it is difficult to reach resolutions below a few eV. Therefore, an alterna-tive method using microwave cavities is proposed.
A setup has been investigated numerically in which pulse creation, monochromation and detection techniques using microwave cavities are combined. The setup uses a 30 keV SEM, and a distance of two meters over which four cavities are placed. A mini-mum energy resolution of 23 meV is found when combined with a temporal resolution of 3 ps. Preliminary measurements have also been carried out. Further improvements should allow for even lower resolutions in the future, opening up the way to few meV measurements with high-energy pulsed electron beams.
P 65
Uniform line filling of space: Bertrand’s paradox revisited
P 66
A time-of-flight electron energy analyzer for sub-ps time and sub-100 meV energy resolutions
66 67
S. Wang1, Q. L. Van1, M. Ramezani1, N. V. Hoof1, and J. Gomez Rivas1,2
1Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands2 Dep. Applied Physics and Institute for Photonic Integration, TU/e, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Free space optical communication has emerged as a promising technology for long-range communication. For this appli-cation, the bandwidth of the fast photo-de-tector that measures the optically encoded information and the optical power that the detector collects need to be maximized. A promising method to overcome the limitation imposed by small size photode-tectors is to use an intermediate layer of fluorescent material that omnidirectionally absorbs the incident light and that prefer-entially emits towards the detector. In this contribution, we show an almost constant optical absorption of the luminescent layer on top of the plasmonic nanoantenna array with different angle of incidence and a strong beamed emission in small solid an-gles in the forward direction. These charac-teristics leads to a significant improvement of the performance of luminescent layers for long-range optical communication.
Y. Wang1, W. van de Water2, K. Liang3, and W. Ubachs1 1 LaserLaB Vrije Universiteit2 Technische Natuurkunde, TU Eindhoven3 HUST Wuhan, China
Spontaneous Rayleigh Brillouin (RB) scat-tering provides information on gas kinetics, collisional dynamics and internal relaxation in molecular species. A sensitive setup has been built at VU LaserLab to obtain RB scattering profile at high resolution. After having studied the spherical molecule, SF6, for the kinetic and the hydrodynamic regime, we continue the RB study with different molecular species. A typical linear molecule, N2O, is investigated. The results are compared with different theoretical models, as well as the results of SF6.
P 67
Luminescent detector assisted by plasmonic nanoantenna arrays for free space optical communication
P 68
Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering in molecular gases with different geometrical structure
X. Xu1,2 T. Abhilash1 and A. P. Mosk1 1Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University2School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen Univerisity, Guangzhou
When light is passing through or reflected by an inhomogeneous medium, it gets scat-tered and the carried information is scram-bled. This makes looking through walls or around corners impossible. A solution to retrieve the information is to find a way to compensate the phase distortion caused by the scattering. Here, we propose a meth-od to look around the corner using phase compensation. A specific 4f-optical system is used to map the surface of a spatial light modulator (SLM) to that of an inhomoge-neous material and off-axis holography is exploited to measure the phase distortion. When the phase information is obtained, the conjugated phase is loaded on the SLM and another beam is introduced to illuminate the object around the corner, thus the reflected scattered light is compensated by the SLM. In our method, neither long integration time nor the invasive calibration process is required.
[1] Katz et al., Nat. Photonics 6, 549 (2012).
[2].Velten et al., Nat. Commun. 3, 745 (2012).
A.Zapara, P.Aggarwal, Q.Esajas, and S.Hoekstra Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen
Production of slow molecular beams and trapping of molecules is an essential step for high-precision molecular spectroscopy, providing an increased coherent meas-urement time and corresponding linear reduction of statistical uncertainty. Such low-energy systems can serve as a starting point for fundamental physics tests, such as search for parity violation or electron electric dipole moment. In our lab we oper-ate a traveling-wave Stark decelerator that exploits the interaction between diatomic molecules in certain quantum states and external inhomogeneous time-dependent electric fields. We have previously demon-strated deceleration of a supersonic beam of SrF to almost 100 m/s in a lab frame. It is crucial for a stable performance of a decelerator that molecules remain in the same quantum states during the decelera-tion process, however at certain conditions we observe unwanted losses of molecules in moving electric traps. On the poster we demonstrate the current status of experi-ment, stability study for efficient decelera-tion, and progress towards an electrostatic trapping of SrF molecules in a lab frame.
P 69
Looking around corner using phase compensation
P 70
Stable operation of a traveling-wave Stark decelerator
68 69
Jeroen Terwisscha van Scheltinga1, Niels Ligterink1,2, Adwin Boogert3, Ewine van Dishoeck2, and Harold Linnartz1
1Sackler Laboratory for Astrophysics, Leiden Observatory2Leiden Observatory 3Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii
Interstellar complex organic molecules, so called iCOMs, are formed in solid state reactions on icy grain surfaces [1]. With the launch of the James Webb Space Tele-scope in 2018, the astronomical detection of iCOMs embedded in interstellar ice ma-trices will become within reach for a first time. Such identification, however, only will be possible through comparison with accurate laboratory data. Here we present the IR spectra of acetaldehyde, ethanol and dimethyl ether, embedded in astrochemi-cally relevant matrix environments, and as function for temperatures ranging from 15 up to 160K, i.e., also bridging the phase transition from amorphous to crystalline ice. On the basis of the presented results, specific transitions are proposed as remote sensor that take into account eventual spectral overlap with other ice constituents. [2] .[1] H. Linnartz, et al., Int. Rev. Phys. Chem. 34 (2015) 205
[2] J. Terwisscha van Scheltinga et al., Astron. & Astro-
phys., submitted.
Y. Hao1, A. Borschevsky2, Adwin Boogert3, Ewine van Dishoeck2, and Harold Linnartz1
1Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 Groningen, The NetherlandsIn diatomic systems, the rich and varied spectra and nearly degenerate energy levels provide huge enhancements for tiny phys-ical effects, making it possible to look for new physics beyond the standard model in a single experiment. Nuclear-spin dependent parity-violating interactions and nuclear-an-apole-moment effects in diatomic molecules in particular provide precise tests of the electroweak theory of the standard model [1]. The weak interaction coefficient WA can be used to extract helpful information, which determines nuclear-spin dependent parity-vi-olating interactions, from experiments [1]. It, specifically, depends on electronic structure and can be obtained from evaluating the matrix elements of the αρ(r) operator in the molecular spinor basis [1,2,3]. In this work, the WA coefficients for two groups of diatom-ic molecules (beryllium halides and noble gas fluorides) are obtained with relativistic Hartree Fock and Density Functional methods and their properties are also reported. [1] J. S. M. Ginges and V. V. Flambaum, Phys. Rep.397,
63 (2004). [2] A. Borschevsky, M. Ilia, V. A. Dzuba, K.
Beloy, V. V. Flambaum, and P. Schwerdtfeger, Phys. Rev.
A 85, 052509 (2012).[3] A. Borschevsky, M. Ilias, V. A.
Dzuba, V. V. Flambaum, and P. Schwerdtfeger, Phys. Rev.
A 88, 022125 (2013).
P 71
Infrared spectra of iCOMs in interstellar ice analogues -The case of acetaldehyde, ethanol and dimethyl ether -
P 72
Nuclear-anapole-moment effects in diatomic molecules
A. B. Haaseaa Ephraim Eliavb, Miroslav Iliaˇsc, Anastasia Borschevskya 1Van Swinderen Institute, University of Gronin-gen, 9747 Groningen, The Netherlandsa School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israelb Matej Bel Univ, Fac Nat Sci, Dept Chem, SK-97400 Banska Bystrica, SlovakiaThe measurement of an electric dipole mo-ment of the electron (eEDM) would play an essential role in the search for physics beyond the standard model. During the last decades, upper limits to the eEDM have been obtained through precision measurements on atoms and molecules. Molecules are especially attrac-tive due to the possibility of a large internal electric field which can serve to enhance the signal from the interaction of the eEDM of an unpaired electron with an external electric field. In order to relate a measured energy shift to the magnitude of or the limit on the eEDM, the magnitude of the effective electric field, Eeff , inside the molecule must be known. Eeff cannot be measured and has to be determined by theoretical methods.In this work we present a new quantum chemical method to calcu-late Eeff in molecules using the finite field approach in the framework of fully relativistic coupled cluster theory. This framework is cur-rently considered as a one of the most accurate methods suitable for treating the systems of interest, i.e. small molecules containing heavy elements. We will show preliminary results of the BaF molecule.
Carmem Maia Gilardoni, Gerjan Lof and Caspar H. van der Wal
Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen
Divacancy defects in SiC have recently presented themselves as an attractive candidate for building blocks in solid-state quantum networks. This interest is driven by the mature fabrication techniques for SiC, and the possibility to optically address the quantum system at near-telecom wave-length range. We address the feasibility of investigating divacancy defects in SiC with ultrafast time-resolved optical techniques, inspired by Time-Resolved Faraday Rota-tion (TRFR) experiments. However, these techniques have never been performed in systems with spin-orbit interaction as low as for SiC. Our theoretical work shows that Franck-Condon factors for spin can play a role analogous to polarization selection rules, enabling the realization of these ex-periments even in cases where SOC is near zero. Successful realization of the proposed experiment would open a pathway for the investigation of this class of systems. We also explore how this technique can be extended to investigating the dynamics of the electronic spin of divacancy defects that have coherent interaction with a nucle-ar spin register.
P 73
In the search for the electron electric dipole moment: A quantum chemical approach to calculate the internal elec-tric field in the BaF molecule
P 74
Proposal for time-resolved preparation and detection of electronic spin coherence of color centers in SiC
70 71
Tom Bosma1 Olger Zwier1, Gerjan Lof1, Danny O’Shea1, Takeshi Oshima2, Nguyen Son3, Erik Janzén3, and Caspar van der Wal1
1Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen2National Institutes for Quantum and Radiologi-cal Science and Technology, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Japan3Semiconductor Materials Research Division, Linköping University, Sweden
Divacancy defects in silicon carbide have long-lived electronic spin states and sharp optical transitions, with properties similar to the nitrogen-vacancy defect in diamond, but with better links to mature semiconductor device technology and optical communica-tion at near-telecom wavelengths. We report experiments on 4H-SiC that investigate all-optical addressing of these spin states with the zero-phonon line transitions. Our results demonstrate all-optical control of coherent quantum states of spin ensembles via two-laser coherent population trapping, while a significant inhomogeneous broad-ening for the optical transitions is present. These results will be linked to experiments towards integrated quantum-optical devices in SiC: A device structure of differently doped layers provides the necessary contrast in index of refraction for single mode waveguiding. This allows for confining optical fields to narrow regions containing ensembles of defects subject to study.
Jorge Quereda, Talieh S. Ghiasi, Feitze A. van Zwol, B. J. van Wees, and C. H. van der Wal,Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen Atomically thin MoSe2 is a promising material for two-dimensional spintronics, since its large spin-orbit splitting and coupled spin and valley physics allow for the optical generation of spin currents in this material. In this work we investigate the excitonic transitions of single- and few-layer MoSe2 phototransistors by pho-tocurrent spectroscopy. Our measurements allow to identify the bright A0 exciton, as well as its dependence on the flake thick-ness. Furthermore, when a gate voltage is used to increase the carrier population in the conduction band of MoSe2, a second prominent peak appears at an energy ~30 meV higher than that of the bright A0 exciton due to a resonant excitation of the spin-forbidden dark exciton state, AD0. This work represents the first report of such effect in a two-dimensional crystal, opening the possibility of controlling the dark exciton population in atomically thin semiconductors by a combination of gate-induced doping and optical pumping.
P 75
Optical coherent control of lattice-defect spins in SiC device structures
P 76
Observation of bright and dark exciton transitions in monolayer MoSe2 by photocurrent spectroscopy
Gerrit W. Steen,1,2 Elmar C. Fuchs,1 Adam D. Wexler,1 Herman L. Offerhaus2 1 Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology2 University of Twente
Dedicated laboratories for determination of drinking water quality are likely to be replaced by rapid online sensors. One of the parameters that determine the quality of drinking water is the ionic content in water. Ions in water can be identified and quan-tified by recording differential absorption spectra in the spectral range from 14000 to 9091 wavenumbers [1]. We present the development of a Near-infrared (NIR) port-able optical sensor capable of identification and quantification of ions in water. These optofluidic absorption sensors offer in-situ & in-line capabilities, potentially low-cost sensors, remote signal data processing, mechanical & thermal stabilities and local-ization of contamination if multiple sensors are employed.
[1]. G. W. Steen, E. C. Fuchs, A. D. Wexl
er, H. L. Offerhaus, Identification and quantification of
16 inorganic ions in water by Gaussian curve fitting
of Near-Infrared difference absorbance spectra,
Applied Optics, 2015
P 77
Differential absorption based optofluidic sensors capable of measuring ionic content in water
72 73
NOTES
WorkgroupsConference center
De Werelt Lunteren
74 75
Workgroups
AMSTERDAM (FOM Institute AMOLF)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. H.J. Bakker Ultrafast Spectroscopy----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. A. Polman Photonic Materials----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. A.F. Koenderink Resonant Nanophotonics----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. E. Verhagen Photonic Forces----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. Y. Rezus Biomolecular Photonics----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. B. Ehrler Hybrid Solar Cells----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. E. Garnett Nanoscale Solar Cells----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AMSTERDAM (Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography ARCNL)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. A.M. Brouwer Nanophotochemistry----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. P. Planken EUV Targets----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. R. Hoekstra EUV Plasma Dynamics----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. O. Versolato Atomic Plasma Processes----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. N. Ottoson EUV Photoemission----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. S. Witte EUV Generation and Imaging----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Workgroups
Amsterdam (University of Amsterdam)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. T. Gregorkiewicz Opto-electronics Materialsdr. K. Dohnalova----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. R.Sprik Soft matter physics waves in complex media.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. H.B. van Linden van den Heuvell Quantum Gases. Atom Optics. Quantum information.prof. dr. G.V. Shlyapnikovdr. R.J.C. Spreeuwdr. N.J. van Druten Rydberg atoms. Atom chipsdr. T.W. Hijmans ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof.dr. F. Schreck Ultracold ground-state Molecules. Quantum gas Microscopy. Quantum simulation. Atom Lasers----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. J.T.M. Walraven Trapped ions. Quantum gases.dr. R. Gerritsma----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AMSTERDAM (VU University)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. W. Ubachs Frequency metrology and precision spectroscopy of prof. dr. K.S.E. Eikema atoms and molecules for probing fundamental physics, dr. W. Vassen testing the Standard Model, variation of fundamental dr. H.L. Bethlem constants, the proton-size puzzle, quantum gases and dr. E.J. Salumbides BEC, cold molecules, ultrafast lasers and frequency dr. J.C.J. Koelemeij combs, X-ray generation and lensless imaging, cavity dr. S. Witte ring down detection, atmospheric light scattering, fiber-optic time and frequency transfer.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
76 77
Workgroups
AMSTERDAM (VU University)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. J.F. de Boer Biophotonics, biophysics, Optical Coherence prof. dr. M.L. Groot. Tomography, spectroscopy, non-linear, CARS, SRS prof. dr. D. Iannuzzi: and Raman microscopy, , ultrafast spectroscopy, dr. F. Ariese optomechanics in Life Sciences, High Precision Experiments on Surface Forces, Table-Top Dark Energy. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DELFT (University of Technology)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. H. P. Urbach Near and far field optical inspection techniquesdr. S. Pereira Optical designdr. A.J. L. Adam Optical lithographydr. F. Bociort Optical nanostructures and metamaterials.dr. N. Bhattacharya Thin films Terahertz imaging & spectroscopy Applications of femtosecond frequency comb lasers in length measurement, breath analysis and gas detection----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. ir. R. Hanson Quantum science in the solid state, quantum. information, diamond defect centers.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. L. Kuipers NanoOptics----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. T.H. Taminiau ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. Simon Gröblacher ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Workgroups
EINDHOVEN (University of Technology----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. ir. S.J.J.M.F. Kokkelmans Quantum gases, ultracold collisions, Rydberg atoms, quantum simulators---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- prof. dr. ir. O.J. Luiten Ultracold plasma’s, Rydberg atoms, bright ion and prof. dr. K.A.H. van Leeuwen electron beams, atom optics, nanostructures by atom dr. ir. E.J.D. Vredenbregt lithography, Compact (laser-driven) electron accelerators; generation of collective radiation (THz to XUV), including FEL physics; femtosecond-pulse physics----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. A. Fiore Solid-state quantum optics. Single-photon devices, Photonic crystals, nanophotonic sensors. Nanolasers.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. J. Gómez Rivas Nanophotonics, Strong light-matter coupling, polariton lasers, THz photonics.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ENSCHEDE (Twente University)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. K.J. Boller Laser physics and nonlinear optics dr. H. M. J. Bastiaens Integrated laser physics and nonlinear opticsdr. P.J.M. van der Slot High-harmonic generation Free-electron lasers. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. J.L. Herek Biomolecular control, field shaping, coherent dr. ir. H.L. Offerhaus Icontrol,nonlinear/vibrational.dr. ir. A. Huijser Spectroscopy/microscopy, nanophotonics, plasmonic structures, near-field probe microscopy.dr. S. Garcia-Blanco Integrated Optics----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. M.L Bennink Nano biophysics, genomic, proteomics, spectroscopy.dr. H. Kangerdr. R. Kooyman dr. I. Segers-Nolten
78 79
Workgroups----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof.dr.ir. W. Steenbergen Biomedical photonic imaging, tissue imaging photo prof.dr. L.F. de Geus-Oei acoustic and acoustic-optic imaging and speckle based dr. S. Manohar perfusion imaging.dr.ir. I.M. Vellekoop----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. L.W.M.M. Terstappen Medical cell biophysics, (non-)linear Raman dr. C. Otto spectroscopy and microscopy, Correlative Raman- dr. R. Schasfoort electron microscopy, nano-particle micro-spectroscopy, dr. M. Beck surface plasmon diagnostics and spectroscopy and imaging, medical micro-devices, point-of-care diagnostics, electro-opto-fluidics.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. W.L. Vos Photonic crystals, scattering and localization. dr. P.W.H. Pinkse Nanophotonics and Quantum optics.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GRONINGEN (University of Groningen) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. M.S. Pchenichnikov Optical Condensed Matter Physics.dr. R.I. Tobey Multidimensional femtosecond optical spectroscopy.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. J. Knoester Theory of Condensed Matter.dr. T. L.C. Jansen dr. V.A. Malyshev ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. W.R.Browne Molecular Systems and Interfaces.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. G. Palasantzas Nanoscale surface physics and Casimir forces.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. A. van Oijen Single-Molecule Biophysics & Molecular Microscopy.dr. T.M. Cordes---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. ir. C.H. van der Wal Physics of Quantum Devices.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Workgroups----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. J.C. Hummelen Chemistry of (bio)molecular materials and devices & FOM focus group Next generation organic photovoltaics.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. M. A. Loi Photophysics and OptoElectronics.dr. L.J.A. Koster----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. J. Ye Device Physics of Complex Materials.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- prof. dr. ir. R. Hoekstra Atomic and molecular processes. Quantum dr. T. Schlathölter interactions and structural dynamics. Radiation damage in biomolecular systems. Highly-charged ion physics.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. K. Jungmann Van Swinderen Institute for particle physics and gravity. prof. dr. S. Hoekstra Precise control, spectroscopy and theory of ions, atoms prof. dr. R. Timmermans and molecules, for tests of fundamental interactions and dr. A. Borschevsky symmetries.dr. L. Willmanndr. C.J. G. Onderwater----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------LEIDEN (Leiden University)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof.dr. D. Bouwmeester Quantum entanglement. Optomechanics,dr. M.J.A. de Dood semiconductor quantum physics (spintronics). prof.dr. E.R. Eliel Photonic crystals. Nanophotonics. Plasmonics.prof. dr. M.P. van Exterprof. dr. J.P. Woerdman----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. G. Nienhuis Optical traps. Light forces. Quantum information.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. E.J.J. Groenen Single-molecule physics.prof. dr. M. Orrit Electron Paramagnetic Resonance.dr. P. Gast dr. M.I. Huber----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof.dr. H.V.J. Linnartz Laboratory astrophysics.dr. J. Bouwman
80 81
Workgroups
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------NIJMEGEN (Radboud University)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. D.H. Parker Laser physics, molecular photodissociation, dr. F.J.M. Harren atmosheric processes, trace gas detection, medical and biological applications.dr. S.Y.T. van de Meerakker Spectroscopy of cold molecules.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. Th. Rasing Time-resolved laser spectroscopy, nanomagnetism, prof. dr. A. Kirilyuk spin- and magnetization dynamics, atomic clusters, dr. A.V. Kimel THz spectroscopy, nonlinear optics.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. ir. G.C. Groenenboom Molecular interactions and light-induced processes.dr. H.M. Cuppen Mobility in solid molecular materials.prof. dr. ir. A. van der Avoird ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. W.L. Meerts Biomolecular structure, Molecular and atmospheric Physics, THz generation, detection and applicationsdr. A.M. Rijs to biomolecules and bio-mimetics, Free Electron Laser.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. A.F.G. van der Meer FEL physics, generation and application of dr. B. Redlich infrared/THz radiation.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. J. Oomens Molecular physics. infrared ion spectroscopy and dr. J.M. Bakker structure, conformation selective spectroscopy, dr. G. Berden mass spectrometry, biomolecules, metal clusters, astrochemistry, coordination chemistry.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Workgroups
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------UTRECHT (Utrecht University)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof. dr. P. van der Straten Laser manipulation of atoms, Bose-Einstein condensation, Atom optics.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------dr. D. van Oosten Cold atom nanophotonics.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof.dr. A.P. Mosk ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------prof.dr.ir. H.T.C. Stoof Dynamics of Bose-Einstein Condensates, Quantum Effects in Degenerate Fermion and/or Boson gases.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- dr. R.A. Duine Spintronics.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
schuine kaderlijn 4º
This meeting is organized under the auspices of the NNV-Section
Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, with the financial support
of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research.
Design
Sophie van Kempen, bno
www.visueleidentiteit.com
This program is compiled by Ronald Hanson & Klaasjan van Druten