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Cost Price C.P.): Cost price is the price atwhich article is purchased. Loss or gain isreckoned on the cost price.

Selling Price S.P.): Selling price is the price atwhich article is sold.

Profit = S.P C.P Loss = C.P S.P Commission :Commission is the incentive

given by the parent or manufacturingcompany to the retailer based on the basis ofsales of product.

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Margin:Normally, used in % terms only. Thisis the profit as a percentage of SP

Marked Price: This is the price of the productas displayed on the label.

Discount: This is the reduction given on a themarked price before selling it to a customer.

Mark Up: This is the increment on the costprice before being sold to a customer.

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1. Profit percentage = (Profit/CP)*100= ((SP/CP)-1)*100

2. Loss percentage = (Loss/CP)*100= (1-(SP/CP))*100

3. S.P = ((100 + profit percentage)/100)* C.P

4. S.P = ((100 - loss percentage)/100)* C.P

If marked price be M.P and discount percentage bed, then5. S.P. = M.P *(100-d)/100

6. M.P.

Discount = S.P7. S.P Profit = C.P8. If 2 items are sold, each at Rs X, one at a gain of P %

and other at a loss of P%, then the overall losspercentage = (P/100)%

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Type 1# If A sells to B at a profit of x%; B sells to C at a

profit of y% and C pays Rs P for it. Find thecost of A.

Example: A sells a cycle to B at a profit of10%; B sells to C at a profit of 20% and C pays

Rs 264 for it. What did A pay for it?

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Type 2# If the cost of A articles is equal to the selling

price of B articles, find the profit percentage.

Example: The C.P of 10 articles is equal to S.Pof 9 articles. Find the profit percentage.

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Type 3# The cost price of two articles is same. If one

is sold at a x% profit and the other at a loss ofX%, find the profit or loss percentage.

Example: Amit buys 2 cows for Rs 200 each.He sells one at a profit 10% and other at a

loss of 10%. Find his profit or losspercentage.

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Type 4# Find the single percent discount equal to 2

successive discounts of x% and y%

What single rate of discount is equal to 2successive discounts of 10% and 15%??

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Type 5# If 2 items are sold, each at Rs X, one at a gain

of P % and other at a loss of P%, then theoverall loss percentage:

Example: Amit sells 2 cows for Rs 200 each.On one he gets a profit of 10%, while losing

10% on the other. What is hi overall profit orloss percentage??

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Type 6# If x% discount on an article is given on cash

payment, find the percentage that should bemarked above the cost price so as to make aprofit of y%

Example: A dealer allows a discount of 7% for

cash payment. How much percentage abovethe cost price should he mark up his goods tomake a profit of 10%.

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Type 7# If a dealer sells goods at cost price but uses a

false weight for the kg weight, find his gainpercentage.

Example: A dishonest dealer professes to sellhis goods at cost price, but he uses a weight

of 960 g for 1 kg. Find his profit percentage.