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PROFESSIONAL

Microsoft® SQL Server® 2012

Reporting Services

Paul Turley,Robert M. Bruckner,

Thiago Silva,Ken Withee, and Grant Paisley

WILEY

John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

CONTENTS

FOREWORDxxxv

INTRODUCTION xxxvii

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCING REPORTING SERVICES 3

Who Uses Reporting Services? 4

Business Information Workers 5

Business Managers 5

Software Developers 5

System Administrators 5

Dashboards, Reports, and Applications 6

Blurring the Line Between Applications and Reports 6

Launching Reports from an Application 7

User Interaction 7

Integrating Reports and Applications 8

Enterprise Reporting 9

Solution Types 10

Simple Report Design 10

IT-Designed Reports 11

User-Designed Reports 12

Server-Based Reports 15

Business Intelligence Reporting Solutions 16

Report Data Sources 18

Analytic Data Sources and Self-Service Bl 18

Complexity and Report Performance 19

Customizing the Reporting Experience 20

Summary 20

CHAPTER 2: REPORTING SERVICES INSTALLATIONAND ARCHITECTURE 23

The Basic Installation 24

Installing Reporting Services 25

Installing the Reporting Services Samples and

SQL Server Sample Databases 41

CONTENTS

The Enterprise Deployment 41

SQL Server Editions 41

Named Instances 44

Topology 44

Modes 45

Installation Options 45

Command-Line Installation 46

The Reporting Life Cycle 46

Authoring 47

Management 47

Delivery 47

Reporting Services Tools 47

Report Designer 48

Power View 48

Report Builder 48

Third-Party Authoring Tools 49

Report Manager 49

SharePoint Libraries and Web Parts 49

Reporting Services Configuration Manager 49

SQL Server Management Applications 49

Command-Line Utilities 50

HTML Viewer 50

Report Viewer Control 51

Reporting Services Web Service 51

Subscriptions 52

Reporting Services Windows Service 52

HTTP.SYS and the HTTP Listener 53

The Security Sublayer 54

Report Manager and the Web Service 55

Core Processing 55

Service Management 55

Configuration Files 56

WMI and the RPC Interface 57

Reporting Services Processors and Extensions 57

The Report Processor 58

Report Session Caching 59

Report Execution Caching 59

Snapshots 60

Data Processing Extensions 60

Report Items 61

xvi

CONTENTS

Rendering Extensions 61

The HTML Rendering Extension 62

The CSV-Rendering Extension 62

The XML-Rendering Extension 62

The Image-Rendering Extension 63

The PDF-Rendering Extension 63

The Excel-Rendering Extension 63

The Word-Rendering Extension 64

The Scheduling and Delivery Processor 64

Delivery Extensions 64

Reporting Services Application Databases 64

ReportServer 65

ReportServerTempDB 66

Summary 66

CHAPTER 3: CONFIGURING SHAREPOINT INTEGRATION 69

The SharePoint Technologies 70

SharePoint Foundation 70

SharePoint Server 71

SharePoint Web Parts 73

Installation and Configuration 74

Installing SharePoint Server 2010 74

Installing Service Pack (SP) 1 76

Installing and Configuring PowerPivot for SharePoint 77

Installing and Configuring Reporting Services for SharePoint 81

SharePoint Site Settings 89

Architecture 90

Summary 91

CHAPTER 4: BASIC REPORT DESIGN 95

What Good Are Wizards, Anyway? 95

Building Blocks 96

Following Along? 97

Let's Get Started 97

Touring Report Builder 107

Office Tabs and Ribbons 108

Home Tab 108

xvii

CONTENTS

Insert Tab 109

View Tab 110

Report Builder Menu 111

Viewing and Setting Properties 112

Data Sources 112

Server Reports 112

Manual Report Design 113

Building a Matrix 113

Wrapping It Up 118

Running and Saving the Report 120

Summary 120

CHAPTER 5: REPORT LAYOUT AND FORMATTING 123

Report Layout Types 124

Table Reports 124

Matrix Reports 125

List Reports 126

Chart Reports 126

Gauge Reports and Dashboards 127

Maps and Spatial Reports 127

Defining Table Groups 128

Group Expressions and Options 128

Formatting Table Values 130

Interactive Sort 134

Adding Page Breaks 135

Creating Drill-Down Reports and Dynamic Visibility 136

Formatting Report Data 138

Introduction to Dynamic Formatting 138

Designing Multicolumn Reports 139

Designing Gauge Reports 139

Browser Compatibility 140

Offline Viewing 141

Rendering Format Limits and Considerations 141

Summary 142

CHAPTER 6: DESIGNING DATA ACCESS 143

Business Intelligence Reporting 146

Reporting for Relational Data 148

Data and Query Basics 148

Data Sources 148

xviii

CONTENTS

Creating a Data Source from the Project Add Item Template 149

Creating a Data Source in the Report Wizard 149

Creating a Data Source When Defining a Dataset 152

Data Sources and Query Languages 153

T-SQL Query Design 154

Data Warehouse Star Schema 155

Filtering Techniques 161

Filtering a Query 162

Parameter Concepts 163

Filtering Data with Query Parameters 165

Creating a Parameter List 167

Multivalue Parameters 168

Cascading Parameters 170

Report Parameters 175

Using Stored Procedures 176

Filtering Data with Report Parameters 177

Using Other Data Sources 180

Microsoft Access 180

Building a Query in a String Expression 183

Microsoft Excel 184

Oracle P/L SQL 185

Sybase Adaptive Server 186

Federating Data Sources 186

Best Practices 187

Summary 187

CHAPTER 7: ADVANCED REPORT DESIGN 189

Headers and Footers 190

Aggregate Functions and Totals 194

Adding Totals to a Table or Matrix Report 196

Creating Report Templates 198

Creating Composite Reports 199

Anatomy of a Textbox 199

Padding and Indenting 200

Embedded Formatting 201

Embedded HTML Formatting 202

Designing Master/Detail Reports 204

Groups and Dataset Scope 205

Using a List to Combine Report Items and

Data Regions 205

xix

CONTENTS

Designing Subreports 212

Federating Data with a Subreport 213

Execution and Resource Implications 216

Navigating Reports 219

Creating a Document Map 219

Links and Drill-Through Reports 221

Navigating to a Bookmark 223

Navigating to a URL 223

Reporting on Recursive Relationships 224

Summary 228

CHAPTER 8: CHART REPORTS 229

Chart Types 230

Column Charts 230

Stacked Charts 233

Area and Line Charts 233

Pie and Doughnut Charts 234

Bubble and Stock Charts 235

Chart Type Summary 237

The Anatomy of a Chart 239

Creating a Multiseries Chart 240

Using Multiple Chart Areas 242

Useful Properties and Settings 246

Control the Number of Items Displayed on an Axis 246

Manage Axis Text Placement and Rotation 246

Manage the Format of Axis Values 246

Change the Color and Width of a Series Line 246

Seta Tooltip for a Chart Value 246

Control the Width and Gap Between Columns or Bars 246

For a Chart with Multiple Chart Areas, Control the Exact Position

of Each Chart Area 247

Dynamically Increase a Chart's Size 247

Summary 247

ENCE REPORTING

CHAPTER 9: Bl SEMANTIC MODELS 251

Introduction to Data Modeling 252

The Bl Semantic Model 253

Conceptual Architecture 256

Data Model 257

XX

Business Logic and Queries 260

Data Access 260

The Hybrid Nature of the Bl Semantic Model 261

Summary 262

CHAPTER 10: REPORTING WITH ANALYSIS SERVICES 263

Why Use Analysis Services for Reporting? 264

Using Reporting Services with Analysis Services Data 266

Working with Multidimensional Expression Language 266

MDX: Simple or Complex? 267

Building Queries with the MDX Query Designer 267

Creating a Data Source 268

Building the Dataset Query 270

Using Parameterized Queries 273

Modifying the MDX Query 278

Adding Nonadditive Measures 285

When to Use the Aggregate Function 287

MDX Properties and Cube Formatting 289

Drill-Through Reports 290

Creating Cube Report Actions 291

Parameter Safety Precautions 292

Best Practices and Provisions 293

Summary 293

CHAPTER 11: OLAP REPORTING ADVANCED TECHNIQUES 295

Cube Dynamic Rows 296

Cube Dynamic Rows Anatomy 296

Parameters 296

Dataset 297

Matrix Content 301

Formatting the Row Label 301

Highlighting the Current Row 303

Dynamic Number Formatting 304

Self-Calling Drill-Through Action 304

Cube Dynamic Rows Summary 306

Cube Dynamic Rows Expanded 306

MDX Query Modifications 306

Design Surface Modifications 308

Tablix 308

Visualization Tweaks 308

Summary 309

CONTENTS

Cube Restricting Rows 309

Designing the Report 309

pRowCount Parameter 309

Restricting the Number of Rows in the MDX Query 312

Adding pRowCount to Self-Calling Drill-Through Report Action 314

A Better Way to Interact with a Report Parameter 314

Summary 314

Cube Metadata 315

Designing the Report 315

MeasureGroups 318

Adding Other Cube Metadata 320

Final Thoughts 324

Cube Browser 324

Anatomy of the Reports 326

Cube Browser 326

Cube Browser Metadata 327

Cube Browser Member 329

Behind the Scenes 329

Cube Browser 329

Report Body 334

Restricting Rows and Columns 336

Swap Actions 336

Titles 338

Footer Information 342

Final Thoughts 345

Summary 346

CHAPTER 12: TABULAR MODELS 349

Introduction to PowerPivot 350

PowerPivot for Excel 352

Setup and Installation 354

Importing Data into PowerPivot 355

PowerPivot Window 360

The Home Tab 360

The Design Tab 361

The Advanced Tab 362

Analyzing and Enriching Data 363

Filtering and Sorting 363

Relationships 364

xxii

CONTENTS

Calculated Columns 367

Measures 368

Browsing the Model 371

Summary 372

CHAPTER 13: VISUAL ANALYTICS WITH POWER VIEW 373

Introduction to Power View 374

Power View Architecture 379

Architecture Overview 380

Reporting Services Add-in 381

Reporting Services Service Application 381

PowerPivot for SharePoint 382

Preparing a Model and Connection for a Tutorial 382

Deploying the FAA Flight Data Model 383

Creating a SharePoint Image Library for FAA Airline Images 384

Publishing the FAA Workbook Directly to the PowerPivot Gallery 386

Creating Data Source Connections for Power View 387

Bl Semantic Model (BISM) Connection File 387

Report Data Source (RSDS) Connection 388

Visual Analytics with Power View 389

Getting Started with Power View 390

Creating a New Power View Report 390

Opening an Existing Power View Report 391

Introduction to the Design Experience 391

Creating a Table Visualization 392

Converting Visualizations 394

Sorting Inside a Chart 395

Expanding Visualizations 396

Filtering in Views 396

Multiple Views 400

Saving Reports 403

Permissions for Power View 405

Visualizations and Interactivity 405

Tile Visualizations 405

Highlighting in Visualizations 408

Matrix 409

Slicers 410

Filters 410

Card and Callout Views 411

Zooming in Charts 413

Scatter and Bubble 414

xxlii

CONTENTS

Animated Timeline Charts 416

Refreshing Data in a Power View Report 418

Presenting and Exporting in Power View 418

Reading and Presentation Modes 419

Printing Views 421

PowerPoint Export and Interactivity 421

Tips and Tricks for Power View 424

Configuring Data Source Connections 425

Connecting to PowerPivot Workbooks 427

Connecting to a BISM Connection File 428

Connecting to an RSDS 429

Authentication Scenarios 430

Comparison and Trade-offs 432

Kerberos Delegation with BISM or RSDS 432

BISM Connection and RS Service Account 433

RSDS and Stored Windows Credentials 433

RSDS with Impersonation and EffectiveUser 435

Analysis Services Tabular 437

Installing Analysis Services Tabular 437

Deploying a PowerPivot Workbook to Analysis Services Tabular 440

Summary 442

Resources 443

CHAPTER 14: REPORT BUILDER SOLUTION STRATEGIES 445

Report Builder and Semantic Model History 447

Planning a Self-Service Reporting Environment 448

You Need a Plan 448

Design Approaches and Usage Scenarios 448

Define Ownership 449

Data Governance 450

Data Source Access and Security 451

User Education 451

Optimizing the Report Builder User Experience 452

Conducting User Training 452

Folder and Library Management 452

Report Branding 452

Data Source and Query Options 453

Using Shared Data Sources 453

Using a Bl Semantic Model 454

Designing and Deploying Report Parts 454

xxiv

CONTENTS

Using Report Parts 457

Using Shared Datasets 457

User Report Migration Strategies 457

Report Migration Phases 457

Review 457

Consolidate 458

Design 458

Test 458

Maintain 459

Summary 459

CHAPTER 15: MANAGING REPORT PROJECTS 463

Solutions and Projects 463

Project Structure 464

Multiple Reporting Environments 465

Multiple Logical Folders and Projects 465

Report-Naming Conventions 466

Shared Datasets and Data Sources 466

Key Success Factors 467

Solution Scope 467

Report Specifications 468

Report Template 469

Development Phases 469

Multiple Reporting Environments 469

Multiple Logical Folders and Projects 470

Version Control 471

Why Use Version Control? 471

Setting Up Version Control 471

Getting the Latest Version 472

Viewing a Report's History 472

Restoring a Previous Version of a Report 472

Setting Check-out and Check-in Policies 472

Applying Labels 473

Synchronizing Content 473

Deploying an Individual Report 473

Deploying a Suite of Reports 473

Checking for Build Errors 473

Excluding a Report from a Deployment 473

XXV

CONTENTS

Managing Server Content 474

Checking the Deployment Location 474

Managing Content in Native Mode 475

Managing Data Sources 475

Managing Data Sets 476

Managing Reports 476

Managing Content in SharePoint 477

Getting Started with Azure Reporting 477

Deploying and Executing Reports 481

Summary 482

CHAPTER 16: REPORT SOLUTIONS, PATTERNS, AND RECIPES 483

Super Reports 484

Working with the Strengths and Limitations of the Architecture 484

Report Recipes: Building on Basic Skills 487

Dashboard Solution Data Sources and Datasets 488

KPI Scorecard 488

Deploying a Report Part 492

Interactive Sparkline and Chart 494

Map with Navigation and Zoom 502

Geographic Shape Colors 506

Adding Spatial Point Markers 508

Zoom, Pan, and Tilt 509

Using Report Parts to Assemble a Dashboard 511

Dynamic Colors and Themes 514

Table Report with Dynamic Columns 517

Designing the Report 517

Summary 521

CHAPTER 17: CONTENT MANAGEMENT 525

Using Report Manager 526

Content Management Activities 529

Folders 529

Shared Data Sources 531

Report Models 534

Reports 535

Report Resources 543

Shared Schedules 544

xxvi

CONTENTS

Item-Level Security 545

Content Management Automation 553

The RS Utility 553

Reporting Services Scripts 555

Summary 557

CHAPTER 18: INTEGRATING REPORTS WITH SHAREPOINT 559

Native Mode Web Parts 560

Native Mode Web Parts Installation 560

Report Viewer 561

Report Explorer 562

Publishing Reports to SharePoint 564

SharePoint Foundation and SharePoint Server Standard Edition 564

SharePoint Server Enterprise Edition 570

Report Management 572

Integrated Mode Web Parts 574

Native Mode Versus Integrated Mode 577

Report Models 578

Summary 579

CHAPTER 19: NATIVE MODE SERVER ADMINISTRATION 581

Security 582

Account Management 582

The Service Account 583

The Application Database Account 585

The Unattended Execution Account 586

System-Level Roles 587

Surface Area Management 589

Backup and Recovery 590

Application Databases 590

Encryption Keys 592

Configuration Files 594

Other Items 595

Monitoring 595

Setup Logs 596

Windows Application Event Logs 596

Trace Logs 596

Execution Logs 600

Performance Counters 602

Server Management Reports 607

xxvii

CONTENTS

Configuration 607

Memory Management 607

URL Reservations 608

E-mail Delivery 610

Rendering Extensions 612

My Reports 614

Summary 616

CHAPTER 20: INTEGRATING REPORTS INTO CUSTOM APPLICATIONS 619

URL Access 620

URL Syntax 620

Accessing Reporting Services Objects 621

Folders 621

Data Sources 623

Resources 625

Reports 625

Reporting Services URL Parameters 627

Parameter Prefixes 627

Parameters 628

Passing Report Information Through the URL 632

Report Parameters 633

Rendering Snapshot History 634

URL Rendering Summary 635

Programmatic Rendering 635

Common Scenarios 636

Custom Security 636

Server-Side Parameters 636

Rendering Through Windows 637

Building the Application Interface 637

Setting Up the Web Services 637

Retrieving Report Information 643

Retrieving Report Parameters 648

Rendering a Report to a File on the Filesystem 653

Rendering a Report to the Filesystem Summary 660

Rendering to the Web 661

Using Integrated Windows Authentication 661

xxviii

CONTENTS

Modifying the web.config File 662

Configuring ASP.NET 2.0 in IIS 6 and Older Versions 662

Setting Up the Report Execution Web Service 662

Rendering to the Response Object 662

Using the ReportViewer Control 669

Embedding a Server-Side Report in a Windows Application 672

Summary 678

CHAPTER 21: USING EMBEDDED AND REFERENCED CODE 681

Using the Expression Builder 683

Calculated Fields 684

Conditional Expressions 687

IIF() Is Your Friend 687

Using Custom Code 690

Using Custom Code in a Report 691

Using a Custom Assembly 692

Custom Assembly Security 694

Errors, Warnings, and Debugging Code 695

Summary 695

CHAPTER 22: EXTENDING REPORTING SERVICES 697

Extension Through Interfaces 699

What is an Interface? 699

Interface Language Differences 700

A Detailed Look at Data Processing Extensions 702

Creating a Custom Data Processing Extension 705

The Scenario 705

Creating and Setting Up the Project 706

Creating the DataSetConnection Object 708

Variable Declarations 710

Constructors 710

Implementing IDbConnectionExtension 711

Impersonate Property 711

IntegratedSecurity Property 712

UserName and Password Properties 712

Implementing IDbConnection 713

Begin Transaction Method 715

CreateCommand Method 716

xxix

CONTENTS

Open Method 716

Close Method 717

ConnectionString Property 717

ConnectionTimeout Property 719

Creating the DataSetParameter Class 720

Declarations 720

Implementing IDataParameter 720

ParameterName Property 721

Value Property 722

Creating the DataSetParameterCollection Class 723

Namespaces 723

Implementing IDataParameterCollection 723

Creating the DataSetCommand Class 725

Variable Declarations 726

Constructors 727

Implementing IDbCommand 728

Cancel Method 729

ExecuteReader Method 729

CommandText Property 731

CommandTimeout Property 739

CommandType Property 739

CreateParameter Method 740

Parameters Property 740

Creating the DataSetDataReader Object 741

Declarations 741

Implementing IDataReader 742

GetFieldType Method 743

GetName Method 743

GetOrdinal Method 744

GetValue Method 744

Read Method 745

FieldCount Property 746

Installing the DataSetDataProcessing Extension 746

Server Installation 746

Server Security Configuration 747

Workstation Installation 748

Workstation Security Configuration 748

Testing DataSetDataExtension 749

Summary 753

XXX

CONTENTS

APPENDIX A: T SQL COMMAND SYNTAX REFERENCE 757

T-SQL Commands, Clauses, and Predicates 758WITH 758

SELECT 758

SELECT TOP 759

SELECT INTO 759

FROM 760

WHERE 760

GROUP BY 761

WITH ROLLUP 761

BY ROLLUP 761

WITH CUBE 761

BY CUBE 762

HAVING 762

UNION 762

EXCEPT and INTERSECT 762

ORDER BY 762

COMPUTE and COMPUTE BY Clauses 763

FOR Clause 763

OPTION Clause 763

CASE 763

INSERT 764

UPDATE 764

DELETE 764

DECLARE @local_variable 765

SET 765

LIKE 765

ALTER TABLE 766

PIVOT Operator 766

UNPIVOT Operator 766

CREATE DATABASE 767

CREATE DEFAULT 767

CREATE PROCEDURE 767

CREATE RULE 768

CREATE TABLE 768

CREATE TRIGGER 768

xxxi

CONTENTS

CREATE VIEW 768

CREATE SCHEMA 769

CREATE PARTITION FUNCTION 769

CREATE PARTITION SCHEME 769

Script Comment Conventions 769

Reserved Words 770

ODBC Reserved Words 772

Future Reserved Words 775

APPENDIX B: T-SQL SYSTEM VARIABLES AND FUNCTIONS 779

System Global Variables 779

Configuration 780

Cursor 782

System 782

System Statistics 782

System Functions 783

Aggregation 784

Checksum 785

Conversion 786

Cryptographic 786

Cursor 787

Date and Time 787

Error Handling 789

Image/Text 790

Mathematical 790

Metadata 792

Ranking 794

Rowset 794

Security 795

String Manipulation 796

System 798

System Statistics 801

APPENDIX C: MDX REFERENCE 803

Object Identifiers 803

Reserved Keywords 803

Member References 806

Sets 807

Tuples 808

xxxii

CONTENTS

The SELECT Statement 808

Axis Definitions 809

The WHERE Clause 809

The FROM Clause 810

The WITH Clause 810

Parameters 811

MDX Functions and Keywords 812

Keywords 812

KPI Functions 813

Metadata Functions 813

Navigation Functions 815

Other Functions 817

Set Functions 818

Statistical Functions 821

String Functions 824

Time Functions 825

Ul Functions 826

Value Functions 828

INDEX 829