The Road to The Road to RevolutionRevolution

Use your knowledge of the 13 colonies to answer Use your knowledge of the 13 colonies to answer the following questions for both photographs the following questions for both photographs

pictured below. What regions are they located in? pictured below. What regions are they located in? Describe the geography of each photo and address Describe the geography of each photo and address

the type of economy each region would have?the type of economy each region would have?

1 2

Purpose of ColonizationPurpose of Colonization

What is the purpose of a What is the purpose of a colony/colonization?colony/colonization?

What then do the British establish What then do the British establish the colonies for?the colonies for?

What is Britain’s biggest concern?What is Britain’s biggest concern?

British MercantilismBritish Mercantilism

System were England controls colonial trade System were England controls colonial trade and taxesand taxes– Colonies provided raw materials for BritainColonies provided raw materials for Britain

– If colonies received imports the goods had to If colonies received imports the goods had to arrive on British Shipsarrive on British Ships

– Certain colonial goods were sold only to England, Certain colonial goods were sold only to England, but not to other countriesbut not to other countries

– Colonies were to serve as a market for English Colonies were to serve as a market for English manufactured goodsmanufactured goods

Differing ViewpointsDiffering Viewpoints How the Colonists How the Colonists

see the colonies:see the colonies:– Loyal to Britain, but Loyal to Britain, but

self-reliantself-reliant– Self-governingSelf-governing– Different from BritainDifferent from Britain

—people, problems, —people, problems, environment, environment, economyeconomy

– partnershippartnership

How the British How the British see the colonies:see the colonies:– Exist to fund Exist to fund

EnglandEngland– DependentDependent– ObedientObedient– Cash cowCash cow– Expansion of the Expansion of the

empireempire– Same lifestyleSame lifestyle

Do you fight with your parents?Do you fight with your parents?

Why?Why? Over what?Over what?

Similar Similar situation…situation…

Salutary NeglectSalutary Neglect British have left the British have left the

colonies alonecolonies alone British try to enforce laws British try to enforce laws

and taxes after the French and taxes after the French and Indian War without and Indian War without the consent of the coloniesthe consent of the colonies

British do not understand British do not understand colonists are used to colonists are used to representative governmentrepresentative government

Colonies have formed Colonies have formed own governmentsown governments

Colonist are used to Colonist are used to managing their own managing their own affairs with their elected affairs with their elected representativesrepresentatives

““Taxation without Taxation without representationrepresentation””, colonist , colonist want to have a say in want to have a say in government through government through elected reps.elected reps.

So the problem started when…So the problem started when…

Britain is in need of money—French & Britain is in need of money—French & Indian (and the Seven Years war in Indian (and the Seven Years war in Europe) was costly, uses the colonies to Europe) was costly, uses the colonies to bring in revenuebring in revenue– ““charges” the Colonists for the fee of British charges” the Colonists for the fee of British

military protection during the warmilitary protection during the war– Colonies do not like this—they have no Colonies do not like this—they have no

military, rely on Britain military, rely on Britain Britain establishes more of a tight-reign Britain establishes more of a tight-reign

over the colonies via rules and taxesover the colonies via rules and taxes

The Proclamation Line of 1763The Proclamation Line of 1763

Colonist felt that England Colonist felt that England was attempting to control was attempting to control themthem

England wants to avoid England wants to avoid Indian troubleIndian trouble

Colonies were angered Colonies were angered over idea that they must over idea that they must pay for cost of war and pay for cost of war and British troops nowBritish troops now

Navigation Acts 1650-1763Navigation Acts 1650-1763

Restricted colonial trade, Restricted colonial trade, manufacturing and shipping manufacturing and shipping to other countries to other countries

Colonists smuggle and Colonists smuggle and disregard Actsdisregard Acts

Salutary Neglect: Britain has Salutary Neglect: Britain has allowed the colonies to allowed the colonies to prosper under their protection prosper under their protection with little or no controlwith little or no control

Sugar Act 1764Sugar Act 1764

Tax placed on sugar and Tax placed on sugar and molasses because molasses because colonists are British colonists are British subjectssubjects

Colonist protest and Colonist protest and smuggle sugar and smuggle sugar and molassesmolasses

Quartering Act 1765Quartering Act 1765

Required colonies to Required colonies to provide British troops provide British troops with quarters and with quarters and suppliessupplies

Colonial assemblies Colonial assemblies vote to refuse to supply vote to refuse to supply British soldiersBritish soldiers

Stamp Act 1765Stamp Act 1765

Any item that was made Any item that was made of paper required a of paper required a stamped tax payment to stamped tax payment to be madebe made

Colonists argue Colonists argue ““taxation with taxation with representationrepresentation””, Stamp , Stamp Act is repealed Act is repealed

Townshend Acts 1767Townshend Acts 1767

Tax on glass, lead, Tax on glass, lead, paper, paint and teapaper, paint and tea

Colonist smuggle Colonist smuggle goods, boycott British goods, boycott British goods, and fight with goods, and fight with British troops British troops

Tea Act 1773Tea Act 1773

Tax on tea, it is a plan Tax on tea, it is a plan to bail out East India to bail out East India Tea company through Tea company through tax on teatax on tea

Boston Tea Party and Boston Tea Party and smuggling of teasmuggling of tea

Intolerable Acts 1774Intolerable Acts 1774

Response to Tea Party, Response to Tea Party, assembly and town assembly and town meetings dissolved, port meetings dissolved, port of Boston closed,and of Boston closed,and British tried in EnglandBritish tried in England

Militias form, colonies Militias form, colonies send representatives to send representatives to 1st Continental 1st Continental Congress meets and Congress meets and starts colonial boycottstarts colonial boycott

Quebec Act 1774Quebec Act 1774

Prohibited colonists Prohibited colonists from moving into Ohio from moving into Ohio River Valley, Catholic River Valley, Catholic religion in regionreligion in region

Colonists expected to Colonists expected to settle into the regionsettle into the region

Monarchy vs. Representative Monarchy vs. Representative GovernmentGovernment

In a monarchy the In a monarchy the governing power lies governing power lies with a king and those with a king and those that he appoints to that he appoints to officeoffice

Parliament was the Parliament was the lawmaking body in lawmaking body in EnglandEngland

Citizens elect their own Citizens elect their own representatives who will representatives who will represent them in represent them in governmentgovernment

People create their People create their government and have government and have the right to make the right to make changes when they see changes when they see fit (laws, elections)fit (laws, elections)

Ideas behind the RevolutionIdeas behind the Revolution Common Sense,Common Sense, by Thomas Paine by Thomas Paine

– Urged people to support the movement Urged people to support the movement to break from Britain, January 1776to break from Britain, January 1776

““Declaration of IndependenceDeclaration of Independence””– Formal declaration by the 2Formal declaration by the 2ndnd

Continental Congress to King George Continental Congress to King George – Declared the Declared the ‘‘natural rightsnatural rights’’ of man, of man,

grievances of the king, resolution to grievances of the king, resolution to break awaybreak away

– Influenced by political writings & Influenced by political writings & philosophiesphilosophies

Causes of the RevolutionCauses of the Revolution

Unfair British laws & taxesUnfair British laws & taxes– Stamp Act, Sugar Act, Tea Act, Quartering Stamp Act, Sugar Act, Tea Act, Quartering

Act, Townshend Acts, Intolerable ActsAct, Townshend Acts, Intolerable Acts– Boston Massacre- March 5, 1770Boston Massacre- March 5, 1770

5 colonists shot when a mob gathered around 5 colonists shot when a mob gathered around a group of British soldiersa group of British soldiers

– Boston Tea Party, 1773Boston Tea Party, 1773Colonists dressed like Native Americans and Colonists dressed like Native Americans and

raided British ships, dumping the tea in the raided British ships, dumping the tea in the Boston harborBoston harbor

Fighting for IndependenceFighting for Independence

Lexington & Concord, Apr. 18, 1775Lexington & Concord, Apr. 18, 1775 Paul ReverePaul Revere’’s famous ride was to warn s famous ride was to warn

Samuel Adams & John Hancock that Samuel Adams & John Hancock that ““the British are coming!the British are coming!””

Also the phrase Also the phrase ““one if by land, two if one if by land, two if by seaby sea”” from this ride from this ride

Initial battle known as the Initial battle known as the ““shot heard shot heard ‘‘round the worldround the world””

Fighting for IndependenceFighting for Independence

Siege of BostonSiege of Boston– 20,000 Patriots surround Boston, block 20,000 Patriots surround Boston, block

British from leavingBritish from leaving– Patriots over take Fort Ticonderoga, Patriots over take Fort Ticonderoga,

giving them gums & suppliesgiving them gums & supplies Battle of Bunker Hill- June 17, 1775Battle of Bunker Hill- June 17, 1775

– British attack Boston colonistsBritish attack Boston colonists– British victory until March 1776, they British victory until March 1776, they

leaveleave