priorities for renewable energy in lithuania. actual measures and empty slogans
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Priorities for renewable energy in Lithuania. Actual measures and empty slogans Martynas Nagevičius President of the Lithuanian Confederation of Renewable Resources [email protected]. Content of the presentation. Renewable energy in Lithuania in figures - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Priorities for renewable energy in Lithuania. Actual measures and empty slogans
Martynas Nagevičius
President of the Lithuanian Confederation of Renewable Resources
2011.03.03
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Renewable energy in Lithuania in figures
The problem of attitudes towards renewable energy
Assessment of the current situation - opportunities
Proposals
Content of the presentation
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RENEWABLE ENERGY IN LITHUANIA IN FIGURES
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Green electricity
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In 2013, 1.42 TWh of green electricity (around 13% of the total final consumption) was exported to the grid:
Wind power stations: 0.60 TWh
Hydropower plants: 0.51 TWh
Biofuel power plants: 0.22 TWh
Solar power plants: 0.04 TWh
Biogas power plants: 0.04 TWh
ELECTRICITY FROM RENEWABLE SOURCES IN LITHUANIA EXPORTED TO THE GRID (kWh)
SOLAR
BIOGAS
BIOFUEL
WIND
HYDRO (SMALL)
HYDRO (BIG)
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Green heat
-
500.000.000
1.000.000.000
1.500.000.000
2.000.000.000
2.500.000.000
3.000.000.000
3.500.000.000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
kWh
ŠILUMA IŠ ATSINAUJINANČIŲ IŠTEKLIŲ, PATIEKTA Į LIETUVOS CENTRALIZUOTO ŠILUMOS TIEKIMO TINKLUS (kWh)
In 2013, around 3 TWh of green heat was supplied to the district heating network (around 33% of the entire heat supplied)
Around 6.5 TWh of heat was used for individual heating by households (around 68% of all heat)
Around 0.15 TWh of green heat was consumed for individual heating by non-household consumers (around 14%)
HEAT FROM RENEWABLE SOURCES IN LITHUANIA, SUPPLIED TO THE DISTRICT HEATING NETWORK (kWh)
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New producers of technologies
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Enough to claim that renewable energy has ALREADY become one of the most important energy sectors in Lithuania (surpassed only by oil and natural gas)
A lot or too little?
Too little, if weighed against the unused potential
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THE PROBLEM OF ATTITUDES TOWARDS RENEWABLE ENERGY
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0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
160%
180%
EU27 PT DK DE ES AT IT IE FR HU SI EL FI CY LU BE SE UK NL PL EE LV SK LT CZ MT
RO BG
Kiti iškastiniai ištekliai
Skalūnų dujos
CO2 sugavimas ir saugojimas
Branduolinė energetika
Energijos efektyvumas
Atsinaujinantys energijos ištekliai
Public opinion
2011.03.03
Public opinion survey by Eurobarometer, conducted in 2013
What should be the focus of energy policy? (it was possible to choose up to two alternatives)
53%
25%
15%
7%
10%
10%other fossil resources
shale gas
CO2 capture and storage
nuclear energy
energy efficiency
renewable energy resources
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– In 2009, to review and launch the programme of diversification of our urban heating sector. The implementation of the programme shall allow the increase of co-generation of urban heating and electricity from biofuel;
– To support EU initiatives and propose new initiatives promoting the use of low-emission renewable resources;
– To implement the National Energy Strategy aiming at maximum, viable and sound use of local and renewable sources of primary energy;
– The governmental energy policy priority – to begin using renewable and local sources for heat and electricity production as widely and rapidly as possible, whilst simultaneously reducing the consumption of imported gas and oil products;
– To remove all the barriers that are within our control to the construction of wind energy parks, especially in the Baltic Sea and coastal region.
Programme of the Fifteenth Government of the Republic of Lithuania
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Andrius Kubilius (Interview for the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, October, 2012):
“Germany is rich. It can afford higher energy prices. Alternative energy costs more than nuclear power. Furthermore, our resources are limited ….”
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– Organic agriculture, green transport, renewable energy sources, modern biotechnologies and nanotechnologies are the elements that will encourage Lithuania‘s progress and shape a new path towards a green economy and energy of the future;
– CRITICAL GOVERNMENT PRIORITY – the use of renewable sources of energy;
– To become a part of the ongoing third global energy revolution that entails transition from fossil fuels to the world‘s future energy system – i.e. the use of energy from renewable sources;
– National energy policy should give priority to competitive energy generation from local renewable resources and to the use of renewable energy sources to produce energy and heat;
– ....
Programme of the Sixteenth Government of the Republic of Lithuania
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Average lifetime Levelised Cost of Electricity (LCOE) (US dollars/MWh)
http://www.worldenergy.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/WEC_J1143_CostofTECHNOLOGIES_021013_WEB_Final.pdf
World Energy Council (WEC) and Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF) "World Energy Perspective: Cost of Energy Technologies“ (US dollars/MWh)
Lithuanian market price
Onshore wind power stations
Solar power plants
Biomass power plants
Hydropower plants
Nuclear power plants
Natural gas and coal fired plants
Off-shore wind power stations
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The need for the development of renewable energy – two attitudes
“Scandinavian”
Creation of green jobs;
Money spent on energy feeds back into the national economy and will ultimately contribute to the budget;
Reduces the cost of any future energy crises;
Drives the production and increasing sophistication of technologies;
Decreases the future costs of climate change
“Lithuanian”
Something that is dictated by the EU
Non-compliance will be sanctioned
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The need for the development of renewable energy – two attitudes
“Scandinavian”
Creation of green jobs
Money spent on energy feeds back into the national economy and will ultimately contribute to the budget
Reduces the cost of any future energy crises
Drives the production and increasing sophistication of technologies
Decreases the future costs of climate change.
“Lithuanian”
Something that is dictated by the EU
Non-compliance will be sanctioned
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Optimisation of renewable energy development – two attitudes
“Scandinavian”
What scale and method of renewable energy development is necessary for it to be of greatest macroeconomic benefit to the economy?
“Lithuanian”
How can the requirements of EU directives be implemented with the lowest possible increase in electricity prices (and the lowest state subsidies)?
Lithuania’s behaviour is often similar to that of a bad chess player who will not sacrifice a pawn to win the entire game.
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ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT SITUATION - OPPORTUNITIES
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Construction of power plants using biofuel and municipal waste in Vilnius and Kaunas:– with LTL2.3 billion of investment
– and a one-off investment subsidy of LTL0.7 billion or annual public service obligations (PSO) costs of around LTL100-140 million for 12 years
would result in additional production of:– 2.8 TWh of heat from biofuel
(in such a scenario, the total amount of heat from biofuel would account for about 70% of the entire heat supplied to district heating network)
– 1.4 TWh of green electricity
Biomass energy (solid biomass)
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Construction of 200 biogas and biomethane plants in the agricultural, municipal and industrial sectors:– with LTL1.9 billion of investment
would result in additional production of:– about 320 million nm3 of biogas
– or 160MW = 1.28 TWh of green electricity
(Information from the Lithuanian Biogas Association)
Biomass energy (biogas - biomethane)
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An increase in the total capacity of onshore wind power stations to 850 MW:
– with LTL2.8 billion of investment
– with a necessary subsidy of LTL800 million or annual PSO costs ranging from LTL75 million (where market price is 20 ct/kW) to LTL163 million (where market price is 15 ct/kWh) for 12 years
would result in additional production of:
– 1.75 TWh of green electricity (compared to 2013)
(Data supplied by 4-energy)
Wind power
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Even without any change in PSO costs and with a net metering system introduced, it would be possible to generate up to an additional 0.2TWh of green electricity.
Solar power
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There has so far been no debate on the possibility of building a hydropower plant on the Nėris River upstream from Vilnius in order to form an artificial lake as a security barrier that could stop the flow of radioactive materials in the event of an accident in Ostrovets nuclear plant.
Hydro energy
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Living in “times of change”
Old (failed) support schemes have been destroyed without creating new ones
Greatest obstacles:
– Indecision regarding state nuclear energy
– Indecision regarding reduction of dependency on imports
– Slow administration
– Predominant focus on strategic projects
– Temptations of “nationalisation”
– Lack of political will (“Lithuanian attitude” towards renewable energy)
Conclusions regarding the current situation
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PROPOSALS
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To focus the planning of the development of renewable energy on its macroeconomic benefits (adopting the “Scandinavian attitude”)
To consult experts and develop a framework for supporting renewable energy, based on principles that would remain unchanged for at least 5 years
To support the development and production of green technologies in parallel with the development of renewable energy in Lithuania
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Recent events in Crimea – will they lead to a more rapid development of renewable resources?
