Primary Structures

Earth Structure (2nd Edition), 2004

W.W. Norton & Co, New York

Slide show by Ben van der Pluijm

WW Norton; unless noted otherwise

9/7/2010 3:52 PM

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Stratigraphic Facing

a. Ripple marks

b. Cross beds (AZ)

c. Pillow basalt (CA)

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Turbidites

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Other primary structures

a. Disrupted bedding (Spain)

b. Load casts (Germany)

c. Clastic Dyke (Canada)

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Types of Unconformities

a. Disconformity

b. Angular unconformity

c. Nonconformity

d. Buttress unconformity

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Unconformities

D Depaor

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Angular Unconformities

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Identifying unconformities

Penecontemporaneous structures

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Salt structures

Stages in the formation of salt structures and

associated terminology. Structural maturity and

size increase toward the structures in the rear.

Sequence in (a) shows structures rising from line

sources, whereas structures in (b) originate from

point sources.

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Salt-linked deformation

Cross sections

showing down-to-Gulf type movement of a passive-margin

salt wedge; the

sections also show

listric normal faults

and salt rollers. The

sequence (a) through

(d) shows successive

stages in the evolution

of the margin, and

accompanying

extension.

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Igneous structures

Types of sheet intrusions around a volcano

Igneous structures

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Impact structures

Deformation structures

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