presented by: sunil vadher gyanprakash singh pankaj bhalala wastech international summit & expo...
TRANSCRIPT
PRESENTED BY: SUNIL VADHER
GYANPRAKASH SINGH
PANKAJ BHALALA
Wastech International Summit & Expo4R’s (Reduce, Recover, Reuse, Recycle): A Way to
Sustainability
Content
General introduction on waste
Global waste management fact
Good Practice of waste management (4R)
Incineration technology
Solid Waste Management and Recycling
Technology of Japan.
Where we can apply?
General Introduction waste
What is waste?In general term anything which has no use No commercial value
General Introduction waste
Why is waste?The use is not knowIt is not cost economical convert into useful
formIndifferent attitude of person handling itNo need of material and/or disposal is not a
problemCost of transportationThe alternate material is available in ample &
cheaper
General Introduction waste
Types of the wasteMSW : House hold items, commercial wasteHazardous waste : Industrial wasteBMW : Clinical wasteSpecial hazardous waste : Radioactive waste,
Explosive waste, E-waste
General Introduction waste
MSW waste classificationFood & Kitchen waste .Recyclable materials such as paper, glass,
plastic, metal.Domestic hazardous waste such as medical,
chemical, light bulbs & batteries.
Global waste management fact
Global waste management fact
Good Practice of waste management (4R)
Four principle of waste reduction are,1. Reduce2. Reuse3. Recycle4. Recover
Good Practice of waste management (4R)
Example
Solid Waste Management and Recycling Technology of Japan
With the aim of preserving the environment in rapidly developing nations, Japan introduce waste management and recycling technologies, which effectively turn waste into resources or appropriately dispose of it.
Waste Collection and Transport TechnologyIncineration TechnologyWaste Landfill Technology
Waste Collection and transport technology
Kitchen waste being collectedduring 1950s
Truck first used for garbagecollection during 1950s
Transferring garbage carried by rickshaw during 1950s
Transferring garbage carried by rickshaw during 1950s
History of Garbage Collection Trucks in Japan
Waste Collection and transport technology
Technology for efficient waste transport
Waste Collection and transport technology
Fuel-efficient collection and transport vehicles with high load volume
Low Pollution type garbage truck
It would be more efficient in many of the Asian countries to use small collection trucks of narrow roads.
Many of the roads in japan, too, are narrow, and 1t to 2t compact garbage collection trucks were developed with reduced body weight in order to increase load capacity.
Due to the worldwide problem of global warming, low-pollution-type garbage trucks, such as electric motor-drive trucks are being developed and put into practical use.
Incineration technology
Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves the combustion
of organic substances contained in waste materials.
Incineration and other high-temperature waste treatment systems are
described as "thermal treatment".
Incineration of waste materials converts the waste into ash, flue gas, and
heat.
The ash is mostly formed by the inorganic constituents of the waste, and may
take the form of solid lumps or particulates carried by the flue gas.
The flue gases must be cleaned of gaseous and particulate pollutants before
they are dispersed into the atmosphere.
In some cases, the heat generated by incineration can be used to
generate electric power.
Incineration technology
Waste landfill technology
Where Does our waste Go?
2.03 Kg of waste are produced Per Person Per Day.
27% Recycled
Natioally:
16% Burned 57% Landfilled
Waste landfill technology
What is a Landfill? The disposal of waste material by burying it, especially as a
method of filling in and reclaiming excavated pits. It can also be called as “Secured Landfill”, “Engineered
Landfill”, “Waste mounds”, “Waste piles” etc.
Waste landfill technology
LOCATION CRITERIA:
Lake or Pond : Greater than 200 Mts
River : Greater than 100 Mts
Highway : More than 500 Mts from highway
Habitation : At least 500 Mts from habitated area
Public Parks : 500 Mts far from public park
Water supply : 500 Mts away from water supply well
Waste landfill technology
SITE SELECTION CRITERIA :
HW Landfills should preferably be located in areas of low
population density, low alternative land use value, low ground
water contamination potential and at sites having high clay
content in the subsoil.
HW Landfill will be selected by the guidelines published by
MoEF
Waste landfill technology
History of a Landfill
Before 1960’s Most waste was burned in open dumps. produced clouds of smoke produced a bad odour
Before and early 1960’s Waste burned in incinerators and combustion facilities (high temperatures burn waste
more completely than in open burns) prime sources of air pollution
1960’s and 1970’s Laws passed regulating air pollution
1970’s Dumps converted to full operating landfills.
1988-2001 Number of landfills decline from 8,000 to 1,858 – because land requirement and
regulations are tighter.
Waste landfill technology
Simple Anatomy of a Landfill
Waste landfill technology
Anatomy of a Working LandfillDaily CoverAt the end of each day, waste is covered with 6-12 inches of soil. • reduces odors• keeps litter from blowing away• deters scavengers/animals/rodents
WasteWaste is compacted in layers to reduce its volume.
Sand/Gravel LayerCollects leachate (liquid produced from waste) and funnels it to leachate collection pipe
Leachate Pipe SystemPipes collect leachate and pump it out of the landfill and to a water treatment plant or another proper method of disposal.
Geomembrane – Plastic LayerA thick plastic layer lines the landfills and prevents leachate from entering the ground. The plastic is made from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) which is tough and impermeable.
Clay LayerCompacted Clay is first laid in the landfill space to form a barrier to prevent leachate leaks to protect the soil and hold the trash in place. Clay is used due to its moldable and impermeability qualities.
Waste landfill technology
Anatomy of a Closed Landfill
Protective Cover
Cover Vegetation – when landfills are full they are covered with native grasses and shrubs and used as recreation areas.
Top Soil & Cover Soil – supports and maintains the growth of vegetation and protects the landfill cap.
Waste landfill technology
A Landfill CellThe goal of a landfill is to cover it, isolate it, and keep it
from contaminating our air and groundwater.
Waste landfill technology
Landfill – Soil Top Layer
At the end of every day, the waste is compacted and a layer of soil called “daily cover” is spread over it to minimize odor, prevent windblown litter.
Waste landfill technology
Leachate Collection System
retention pond Leachate are removed and taken to:• retention pond• waste water treatment plant• another proper treatment facility
Retention Pond
Waste landfill technology
Methane Gas Collection System
Methane storage tank A county technician checking on a gas collection well
Waste landfill technology
An example of the electrical generation equipment in one of the Michigan Cogeneration System Plants. These engines burn only landfill gas as a fuel and operate 24 hours a day. Each engine produces 750 kw of electricity
Electricity generation from methane gas
Where we can apply
Thank you