presented by gene krzywinski, co-founder and...
TRANSCRIPT
Presented By Gene Krzywinski, Co-Founder and CTO
eIQ Energy, Inc. 6389 San Ignacio Ave, San Jose, CA 95119 www.eiqenergy.com [email protected]
IS
eIQ addresses the Labor, Cables, Eng & PM by directly
reducing those costs
Reduces
Improves
Simplifies
Reduces
Module Electrical Balance Of Systems
Inverter
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•• yield variances,
degradation or dirt build-up
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Input from PV module
Input from previous vBoost
Output to next vBoost
Real-time MPPT µP
DC Boost Power Stage
Comm System PLC DC High Voltage Bus
Blocking Diode
CEC Efficiency Curves Peak Efficiency: 98.3%
• Each vBoost operates independently from the other vBoost's DC Buss runs through each vBoost • Inverter sets the optimum input voltage (fixed voltage mode) • Panels can mismatched – different power on same DC Buss • vBoost's self level to provide inverter set voltage IR drops automatically accounted for
Conventional Series Strings
Panels and strings must match
Weakest panel sets performance
Panel voltage drives system design
Centrally set operating point
40v 80v 120v 160v 200v 240v 280v 320v
Design limits: 7 more panels
600V Limit 3,600W
eIQ Parallel DC
No matching or balancing required
Each panel is independent
Site conditions drive system design
Each panel is optimized Design limits: 32 more panels
30A Limit 9,600W
0.75A 1.5A 2.25A 3.0A 3.75A 4.5A 5.25A 6.0A
Conventional Series Strings eIQ Parallel DC
Panels and strings must match No matching or balancing required
Weakest panel sets performance Each panel is independent
Panel voltage drives system design Site conditions drive system design
Centrally set operating point Each panel is optimized
40v 80v 120v 160v 200v 240v 280v 320v
Design limits: 7 more panels
600V Limit 3,600W
Design limits: 32 more panels
30A Limit 9,600W
0.75A 1.5A 2.25A 3.0A 3.75A 4.5A 5.25A 6.0A
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►Current
Parallel Branches and Trunks optimize current → More PV panels per conductor
40-50 Panels #10 wire
160-200 Panels #4 wire
Parallel Branch
Parallel Trunk
EIQ CONFIDENTIAL
Pow
er
vBoost Output Voltage
0
Max
290Vdc >400Vdc
Power is output from 290Vdc to ~400Vdc vBoost is in Standby Mode
• The output of the vBoost is unregulated and follows the load (inverter). There is no communication to the vBoost to set its output voltage.
• The load can either be a fixed voltage or a narrow (~5V) MPPT window • If the load voltage exceeds 400Vdc then the vBoosts internal overvoltage protection is enabled
and the vBoosts go into Standby Mode at ~410V (but no power). • The vBoost’s output voltage is self leveling and compensates for line losses (IR drops)
EIQ CONFIDENTIAL
From a Single Block…..
….To a 1.2MW Layout Click &Repeat design Plug & Play installation
(80 Panels connected with 20 vB|350 and 1 vB|250)
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Communications Section
125A Fused Recombiner
180kW to Inverter
Cx Silicon 1:1
Cx Silicon 2:1 (in series)
Thin Film 4:1
(in parallel)
Multiple technologies on a single branch and/or trunk All feeding the same inverter
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5.0kW CIS 12.8kW x-Si 6.4kW CIS 26.4kW CdTe
1-DC Buss into A Single 50.4 kW Inverter
• 680kW – Single Inverter • Multiple Orientations and “islands” of power – branches and islands simply added to
DC Buss • Conductors sized as needed • Combined ground, roof, and trellis mount • Project costs: larger inverter, less wiring and full utilization of site characteristics
PV Arrays
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Less Predictable
Shading
Soiling
Local Climate
Degradation
Mismatch
Breakage
Hotspots
Faults
Predictable
PLoss=I2R/ft X Distance
Inverter and Electronics Efficiency
Irradiance
eIQ Monitoring provides data for modeling system performance and O&M fault alert
and analysis
Source: Meteronorm
BP Solar
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0.0%
20.0%
40.0%
60.0%
80.0%
100.0%
120.0%
140.0%
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
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12,000
14,000
Jan-12 Feb-12 Mar-12 Apr-12 May-12
Pvsyst Projected output * (kWh) Actual AC outut vBoost Performance Index
Inverter: SMA Sunnyboy 3000 Modules: Sharp Chrystaline 185W Orientation: 180 degrees due South Measurement Technique: Power Transducer via National Instruments A/D converter into a Labview Data Analyzer
Series Array vBoost Array
Series 7.899 kWh _____ vBoost 10.454 kWh _____ Light Level _____
Series 7.899 kWh ______ vBoost 10.454 kWh ______
Series 8.467 kWh ______ vBoost 10.967 kWh ______
Series 8.606 kWh ______ vBoost 10.758 kWh ______
Series 8.149 kWh ______ vBoost 10.763 kWh ______
Series Array vBoost Array
Series 8.9 kWh _____ vBoost 9.6 kWh _____ Light Level _____
Series Array vBoost Array
Series 8.42 kWh _____ vBoost 9.61 kWh _____ Light Level _____
30% light filter
Interlaced Side by Side
Performance Challenge
Operating Advantage
Comment
Typical installation 6% Typical operating conditions, minor shading
Multi-Facing Roof Installation
30% Allows larger installations on varying roof orientations
Cloudy Climates 7.5% DC:DC minimizes impacts of varying light conditions
Effects of aging, soiling, environmental conditions
14% Optimization of each DC:DC boost system minimizes negative impact of module issues
Shaded Conditions 35% Shade challenged sites show dramatically better performance with DC:DC
Cost Savings Per Watt Design $0.05 to $0.10 BOS Hardware $0.10 to $0.50 Inverter $0.05 to $0.20 Total Cost Savings $0.20 to %0.50+ eIQ System Cost $0.30 NET COST REDUCTION Up to $0.20+
Distributed MPPT Monitoring/Reporting Safety/Arc Fault Inverter Stability Future Proof Panel Replacement
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LV, EMC Directives
C US LV / EMC Directives
UL1741 IEEE 1547.1 FCC Part 15, Class B PV Module Connector: NEC2008 MC3/MC4 vBoost Bus Connector: NEC 2008 40A
EN60950 EN61000 NEMA Type 4 / IP66
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Complete Electrical BOS from Panel to Inverter Project Cost Reduced: Hardware – Wiring, Combiners, Conduit, Single Inverter Labor – Plug & Play, Electrically unskilled can install Design – No String Matching, Mix Technologies/Sizes Reduced Annual Operating Expenses Predictive Preventive Maintenance Panel Level Monitoring – not an additional cost Increased Energy Production Panel Level MPPT Stable Voltage Into Inverter Approved Component – Walsh Carter SolarShieldTM Performance Guarantee
•• Reduce combiner box and conductor costs – no more home runs
• Reduce cost of installation labor
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• No more strings to design or build, no matching required - Iterate designs quickly and easily
• Locate panels where desired, no more string or shade considerations
•• Multiple PV technologies can feed a single central inverter for optimum cost/watt
• Inverter is constantly operated at optimum efficiency
eIQ’s Solution costs less and provides more than Series BOS
Energy performance benefits are a bonus!
• Increased Harvest • Distributed MPPT extracts maximum energy • Shading, panel mismatch, and inter-array voltage drop is mitigated • Inverter always operates at max efficiency