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Lucilla Strada
Università degli Studi di Pavia
Dipartimento di Chimica
lucilla.strada @unipv.it
UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PAVIA
Dipartimento di Chimica
Contenents
Chemical risk
CLP, new classification
CMR
DPC – safety hoods
Risk
Hazard
Exposure
Exposure assessment
Routes of exposure
Likelihood & extent of exposure
Hazard identification (acute, chronic)
Local/ systemic effects
Dose response characterisation
Uncertainty factors
Margins of safety
Chemical Risk
Chemical Risk
- explosions, fires
- accidental contacts
Hygienic-environmental risks:
- High or extended exposure to harmful/toxic
substances
Accidental risks:
If safety risk assessment
demonstrate that…
… risk for safety is not
LOW and NOT irrelevant
for health …
Health
surveillance
Specific measures for prevention
and protection
Emergency
measures and
monitoring
Risk evaluation…
1) Know the danger
2) Know the systems to protect from danger
3) Create simple safety procedures
LIMIT DAMAGES TO HEALTH AND
RISKS OF ACCIDENTS
Dangerous
Chemical Agents Substances and Preparations that are Classified
or Classifiable as dangerous
Leg. Decree 52/97 s.m.i. Directive 67/541/CEE
Leg. Decree 65/03 s.m.i.
Toxic gases
R.D. 09/01/27 n. 147 Substances used under specific conditions
eg. cryogenic liquids
inert gas
http://www.dors.it/matline/help.php
Since december, 1 2010 classification, labelling and
packaging of chemical is under a new regulation ((CE) n.
1272/2008) that modifies the old CEE directives.
DSP
• 67/548/CEE
• Abrogated since 1/6/2015
DPP
• 1999/45/CE
• Abrogated since 1/6/2015
REACH
• CE 1907/2006
• Modified by CLP
– transposition of GHS ONU: Global Harmonization System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals
Labelling evolution
Labelling evolution
Labelling evolution
AVVERTENZA Pericolo Pericolo Pericolo attenzione attenzione
letale letale letale nocivo Può essere nocivo
Nessun
pittogramma
CLP Categoria 1 Categoria 2 Categoria 3 Categoria 4 Categoria 5
DSP
Molto tossico T+
R28
Tossico
R25
Nocivo Xn
R22
DL 50 mg/Kg 5 25 50 200 300 2000
5000
CMR risk
EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
As for chemical risk assessment
DETERMINISTIC EFFECTS
Damages whose frequency and severity vary with dose so that a
treshold dose is detectable.
The Manifestations of gravity increases with increasing dose
STOCHASTIC EFFECTS
Only the probability of occurrence, not the severity depends on the
dose and is conservatively excluded the existence of a threshold
dose
There is no gradation of the event with the dose received, whatever
the dose
Carcinogenic
• Cat. 1A: Known to have carcinogenic potential for humans
• Cat. 1B: Presumed to have carcinogenic potential for humans
• Cat. 2: Suspected human carcinogen
Mutagenic
• Cat. 1A: Substance known to induce heritable mutations in the
germ cells of humans
• Cat. 1B: Substance to be regarded as if it induces heritable
mutations in the germ cells of humans
• Cat. 2: Substance which causes concern for humans owing to
the possibility that it may induce heritable mutations in
the germ cells of humans
Reproductive toxicants
• Cat. 1A: Known human reproductive toxicant
• Cat. 1B: Presumed human reproductive toxicant
• Cat. 2: Suspected human reproductive toxicant
CMR classification [Regulation N° 1272/2008]
Safety hoods must be:
according to law
suitable for the type of danger and risk level estimated
installed correctly
Correctly used
Putted under maintenance
their efficiency verified
Safety Hoods
Reference
legislations
ITALIAN LEGISLATION SUCTION HOODS
UNI EN 14175
PART 1:
vocabulary
PART 2:
Safety standard and performance
PART 3:
Methods for homologation testing
PART 4:
Methods for on-site testing
PART 5:
Recommendations for installation and maintenance
PART 6:
Suction hoods at variable air volume
14175
PART 2: Safety and Performance Standards
14175-2
- Dimensions
- Essential goals for safety and performance
- Materials
- General safety standards
- Airflow
- Services
- Product Manual
- Brand and labeling/tagging
- Conformity evaluation
PART 3: Methods for homologation testing
14175-3
- Lab and general conditions testing
- Air range testing
- Latch testing
- Range marker testing
- Building and materials testing
- Lighting testing
- Testing report
- Noise testing
PART 4: On site testing methods
14175-4
- Conditions of on-site testing
- Commissioning test for certified hoods
- Routine testing for certified hoods
- Qualification testing for non-certified hoods
- Routine testing for qualified hoods
- Testing Final report
PART 5: Recommendations for installation and maintenance
14175-5
- Setting of chemical hood
- Maintenance of chemical hood
PART 6: Suction hoods at variable air volume
14175-6
- Homologation testing methods
- On-site testing methods
- Product Manual
- Brand and labeling/tagging
- Testing final report
Commissioning & qualification, identify a list of tests to be done on the hoods
Tests are described in Part 3: homologation testing methods
Testing hoods performance, is the capacity of the hood to protect the
operator/worker.
Commissioning
& qualification
Air Flow tests
5,1 Extract volume flow rate
5,2 Face velocity
5,3 Containment
5,4 Robustness of containment
5,5 Air exchange efficiency
5,6 Pressure drop
Containment represents the capacity of the hood to keep inside the product
used
Containment = performance
Containment
Containment tests consist in:
INNER PLANE
OUTER PLANE
ROBUSTNESS
Inner plane
The red spots placed inside the hood represent the points of emission of the tracing gas.
The green spots represent the sampling points _9
The samples are taken out to the hood frontal
The test is repeated n times depending on the size of the hood
Tests are repeated on 2 levels, a low and a high one
Outer plane
9 tracing gas emission points are placed inside the hood
The sample is taken out to the whole surface of the hood frontal, while the sampler is
placed outside of the hood frontal
Robustness
Tracing gas emission points and the sampler are placed
in the same configuration as in the OUTER PLANE
The test consists in voluntarily creating a disturb, when a
Panel is put in front of the hood
The panel simulates the passage of a person