presentation summary overview of active volcanoes in italy asi-srv project contest

ASI-SRV: ASI Pilot Project to support the Monitoring of Volcanic Risk in Italy by means

of EO data.M.F. Buongiorno, M.Musacchio, M. Silvetri, S.Zoffoli, C.Cardaci, E.Sansosti,

S.Pugnaghi, S.Teggi, S.Vignoli, A.Amodio, G.Puglisi, S.Borgström.

USEReST’ 08Naples 11-13 November 2008

PRESENTATION SUMMARY

• Overview of active volcanoes in Italy

• ASI-SRV project contest

• SRV system description

• Products

• Scheduling and current status

• Final remarks


Italian seismic and volcanic surveillance

Italy presents both high seismicity and volcanic activity on its territory

Volcanic Eruptions have been very frequent (Etna and Stromboli) in the last 8-10 years.

INGV is responsible at national level to develop and maintain the seismic and volcanic geophysics networks to monitor earthquake and volcanic activity and support the Italian Department of Civil Protection.

Volcanic Observatories are located in Napoli and Catania (INGV-OV and INGV-CT)


Main Volcanic areas in Italy


Types of volcanic activity produced by Italian volcanoesTypes of volcanic activity produced by Italian volcanoes

•Lava Flows: (Etna, Stromboli, Vesuvio);

• Ash Clouds, Strombolian actviity (Etna, Stromboli, Vesuvio, Vulcano);

•Anomalous gas emissions (Panarea, Colli Albani, Vulcano);

• lahars, land slides, debris-flows (all volcanoes);

•tsunami (Stromboli, Etna, Vesuvio);

•Pyroclastic Flows (Vesuvio, Vulcano, Campi Flegrei);

• Caldera Collapse (Campi Fregrei, Vesuvio, Etna)


INGV Permanent Network distributionINGV Permanent Network distribution


Discontinuous measurements Webcam network UV-scanner network for SO2 flux Seismic network GPS permanent network Gravimetric network Magnetic network Analysis of the erupted ash Analysis of the erupted products Geologic and structural surveys Lava mapping from field

INGVEtna ground Monitoring

systems


Levelling network (435 km); EDM network (20 vertices) ; tiltmetric network (7 stations); non permanent GPS network (about 100 vertices); CGPS network (permanent GPS 16 stations); tide gauges network (7 stations); gravimetric network (68 points).

non-EO Data: Vesuvius

INGV Vesuvius andCampi Flegrei

ground networks


DEVELOPMENT CONTEST DEVELOPMENT CONTEST

Volcanic Activity In ItalyItalian Space Agency EO Application


ITALIAN SPACE AGENCY (ASI) APPLICATION PROJECTSITALIAN SPACE AGENCY (ASI) APPLICATION PROJECTS

ASI starting from the National Space Plan (PSN) 2003-2005 decided ASI starting from the National Space Plan (PSN) 2003-2005 decided to develop application products based on EO data to improve Scientific to develop application products based on EO data to improve Scientific and Technological research on and Technological research on Natural and Man-made Risks and to support End Users during crisis.

The 2003-2005 and 2006-2008 PSN have focused on the following application areas:

Hydro-geologic risks (landslides and floods)Hydro-geologic risks (landslides and floods)Geophysics Risks (earthquakes and volcanoes)Geophysics Risks (earthquakes and volcanoes)Forest Fires Forest Fires Marine pollutionMarine pollutionAir QualityAir Quality


Volcanic Risk applications

Phase A: Feasibility study 2 Studies were selected on a

competitive basis (July 2003) – Call for Proposal

Phase B: Pilot Project 1 selected after Phase A


ASI-SRV related projects and activities

A long preparatory phase contributed to development of the ASI-SRV project 1. INGV research activities in the Remote sensing data

analysis (since 1990)

2. ASI Research Projects (1998-2002)

3. DPC research projects (1994-2008)

4. FP6-PREVIEW project (2005-2008) (www.preview-risk.com)


ASI Volcanic Application Projects development plan: ASI Volcanic Application Projects development plan:

Feasibility study

Pilot project preaparation

Pre-op. demonstrationon test site

Operations

Pilot projects development

6 m.

3 y.

6 m.March - September

2004

Duration Status

2005-2006

KO: January 2007

December 2008-2010

After Pilot project end in 2010


THE ASI-SRVTHE ASI-SRVObjectivesObjectives


Pilot Project Objectives

• The Objective of the Pilot Project SRV is to define, develop and The Objective of the Pilot Project SRV is to define, develop and demonstrate a pre-operational system based on EO data demonstrate a pre-operational system based on EO data integrated by ground measurements to support the End User integrated by ground measurements to support the End User (DPC) volcanic risk monitoring and crisis management for (DPC) volcanic risk monitoring and crisis management for Italian VolcanoesItalian Volcanoes.

• Improve scientific and technology research in volcanology. Improve scientific and technology research in volcanology. Analyze and define the gaps between the knowledge Analyze and define the gaps between the knowledge requirements and the current available technologyrequirements and the current available technology. .

• The SRV system should be built with characteristics of The SRV system should be built with characteristics of compliance respect to the Italian DPC requirements and compliance respect to the Italian DPC requirements and operability operability


Project philosophy is to implement specific modules Project philosophy is to implement specific modules which allow to process, store and visualize through which allow to process, store and visualize through Web GIS EO/non EO integrated products considering Web GIS EO/non EO integrated products considering volcanic activity phases defined within DPC volcanic activity phases defined within DPC operations:operations:

– Knowledge and prevention (K&P)Knowledge and prevention (K&P)– Crisis (C)Crisis (C)– Post Crisis (PC)Post Crisis (PC)


SYSTEM CONCEPT SYSTEM CONCEPT OVERVIEWOVERVIEW


ASIResponsabile Contratto

Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologiacoordinator of the project and scientific responsible

Advanced Computer SystemAdvanced Computer System Galileian PlusGalileian Plus

Università di Modena e Reggio EmiliaUniversità di Modena e Reggio Emilia(DIMA, DIMEC)(DIMA, DIMEC)

Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell’Ambiente (IREA)dell’Ambiente (IREA)

DPCDPCEnd UserEnd User

ASIASIContractorContractor

Involved in the developing of GIS module in order to explore EO traditional products. The GIS tools permits an easy access to the end users to visualize on Web the final products.

supports INGV to all management activities:–Configuration control–Quality control–product assurance–Transformation of the scientific algorithms into quality controlled procedure and visualization interface.developing scientific modules to process EO data

coordinates the ASI-SRV Pilot Project. The INGV responsabilities are:

–Developing and using of SRV system

–Scientific components

–developing algorithms related to the final products

– Integrate ground network data and field measurements


General development schedule of SRV

Test Reports

Versione 1Sviluppo Infrastr.

Engineer. Algo (1)

Ricerca & Sviluppo

Integraz./Test

Demo pre-op. V1

Versione 2Engineer. Algo (2)

Integraz./Test

Demo pre-op. V2

Versione 3Engineer. R&S

Integraz./Test

Demo pre-op. V3

Prodotti

ASI

Utente

Time

The development of ASI-SRV system is based on three incremental versions of the system and a research and development line that permits to follow the scientific and technological improvements during the project life.

First Version:• Developing of system infrastructure• Ingestion module• Central repository module• Utility functions• Early warning and crisis algorithmsSecond Version:

• Updating of first version• Early warning, sin-crisis and post-crisis algorithmsThird Version:• Integration of R&D results• Use of COSMO-SkyMed data• Updating of second version


Fornitori di Dati

Satellite

Dati rilevati sul campo

DPC

Sistema Rischio Vulcanico

Dati di terra

Archiviazione Dati

Ingestione Dati

GPS

Reti Sismiche

Dati EO

Misure atmosferiche

Dati orbitali e ausiliari del satellite

Stime del danno

Dati statici

DEMGCP

Modulo di Processamento

Modulo diSorveglianza eEarly Warning

Modulo diSupporto alla Fase

Sin-Eruttiva Modulo diSupporto alla Fase

Post-Eruttiva

Post-ElaborazioneGIS

Disseminazione

Visualizzazione eAnalisi

Operatore

Prodotti Finali

Data ingestion Central Repository Processor interface and visualization

Processing:• S/S volcanoes Surveillance and eruptions Early Warning• S/S Support to sin-eruptive phase• S/S Support to post eruptive phase

Post Elaboration GISDissemination


Logical Architecture

Products publication

Web browser

DATA REPOSITORY

End user

WMSServer

Processing chains

Scientific Operators

Gis desktop

EO Raw data

Direct download

User User LevelLevel

Sources Sources LevelLevel

ProductProduct

Archive Archive and and

validation validation

Non-EOdata


TEST SITES DESCRIPTIONTEST SITES DESCRIPTION


It is characterized by an It is characterized by an almost persistent volcanic almost persistent volcanic activity, allowing the activity, allowing the generation of products generation of products related to the sin-eruptive related to the sin-eruptive and post-eruptive phase.and post-eruptive phase.It is possible to provide It is possible to provide products also if no eruptive products also if no eruptive events have occurred, using events have occurred, using EO data acquired during the EO data acquired during the eruptive events in the last eruptive events in the last years years


0 5 km

Ioni

an S

ea

Central Crater

volume vs time

21st Century

The volume of erupted products was very high during the 17th century, followed by a

period of low activity lasted about 100 years.

Etna increased his effusive rate progressively between

18th and 19th centuries, culminating since 1950 in an significant increase of the

volume of erupted products.

Mt. Etna – Volcanic activity (INGV-CT)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

16000101

16200101

16400101

16600101

16800101

17000101

17200101

17400101

17600101

17800101

18000101

18200101

18400101

18600101

18800101

19000101

19200101

19400101

19600101

19800101

20000101

yyyym m d d

volu

me

(m x

10

)3

6

17th century

18th century

19th century

20th century

1.3 m3/sec

0.2 m3/sec

0.3 m3/sec


Vesuvio and Campi Flegrei Vesuvio and Campi Flegrei are representative to are representative to quiescent phase products quiescent phase products analysis, especially analysis, especially regarding the surface regarding the surface deformation mapdeformation map


Vesuvio - Volcanic activity (INGV-OV)

Eruption of 1906

It comprises the older volcano, the Somma, whose summit collapsed, creating a caldera, and the younger volcano, Vesuvius, which rises out inside of this caldera


Campi Flegrei – Volcanic activity (INGV-CT)


The Campi Flegrei is a large 13-km-wide nested caldera located near Pozzuoli. It contains many volcanic centers that have been active during the past 30-40,000 years. Today, there is no sign of imminent activity, although there are abundant signs of the presence of a still active magma chamber in the forms of solfataras, warm springs, gas emissions etc.

Frequent episodes of major ground deformation in the form of large-scale up- and downlift of the ground (bradisism); whitin a few months it had risen by a total of 3.5 metres.


Frequent monitoring with ground networks used to validate and integrate EO products.

Vesuvio

Campi Flegrei

Etna

Sites selection compatible with the spatial resolution of EO operative systems


PRODUCTS PROVIDED


The algorithms selected to for the EO processing modules have been analyzed during the Feasibility study on the basis of the following characteristics:

Robust with a well proved scientific back ground

High Adaptability to new space sensor

Portability into an integrates system

The algorithms were developed by the scientific consortium (INGV, IREA, UNIV Modena and R. Emilia), this ensure the possibility to upgrade the procedures and adapt them to SRV system

Products partially tested in other Projects or INGV surveillance procedures

Suitability of the generated products for the selected test sites


Etna Ash and lava distribution map product

Etna Volcanic thickness product

Etna and Vesuvio – Campi FlegreiDeformation Map from DinSAR product (time series)

Post Crisis Phase

Etna Volcanic Plumes and Clouds analysis product

EtnaThermal Flux, Effusion Rate

Etna and Vesuvio – Campi FlegreiDeformation Map from DinSAR produsc (time series)

Etna and Vesuvio – Campi FlegreiDeformation Map from InSAR product (sin eruptive)

Crisis Phase

EtnaDegassing Plumes analysis product

Etna, Campi Flegrei, VesuvioSurface temperature and Thermal flux from

Etna and Vesuvio – Campi FlegreiDeformation Map from DinSAR product (time series)

Etna and Vesuvio – Campi FlegreiMultiparametric Analysis product

Knowledge and Prevention

GEOGRAPHICAL AREAEO PRODUCTSPHASE


EO Data used to S/S Surveillance ed Early Warning of eruptions

FTP16 gg -3 ggASTERSO2 Flux

Digital supportON DEMANDHYPERION SENSORI AEREI

CO2 Content

FTP16 gg – 3 ggASTERSO2 Content

FTP Digital support /FTP

1 gg16 gg

MODISHYPERION

H2O Content

FTPFTP Digital support /FTP

16 gg-3 gg1 gg16 gg

ASTERMODISHYPERION

Aeorosol Optical Thickness

FTP16 gg – 3ggASTERThermal Flux

FTPDirect Broadcast/FTPFTP/Direct Broadcast ASI-Matera

16gg -3gg4 h1 gg

ASTERAVHRRMODIS

Surface Temperature

NA46ggALOSDeformation map in L band

NA16gg - 4ggCOSMO-SkyMedDeformation map in X band

Digital support/FTP35 ggERS-ENVISATDeformation map in C band

ProtocolRevisit TimeSensor - SatelliteProductsProtocolRevisit TimeSensor - SatelliteProducts

FTP1 g16gg – 3gg

MODISASTER

SO2 Flux

Digital SupportON DEMANDHYPERION SENSORI AEREI

CO2 Content

FTP1 gg16 gg – 3 gg

MODISASTER

SO2 Content

FTP Digital Support /FTP

1 g16 gg

MODISHYPERION

H2O Content

FTPFTP

16 gg-3 gg1 gg

ASTERMODIS

Aeorosol Optical Thickness

Digital Support /FTP35 ggENVISATInSAR deformation map

FTPDirect Broadcast/FTP

1 g4 h

MODISAVHRR

Ash loading

FTP1 gMODISAVHRR

Effusion rate

FTPDirect Broadcast/FTPFTP

16gg -3gg4 h1 gg

ASTERAVHRRMODIS

Lava thermal flux

FTPDirect Broadcast/FTPFTP

16gg -3gg4 h1 gg

ASTERAVHRRMODIS

Lava temperature

ProtocolRevisit TimeSensor - SatelliteProducts

Digital support /FTPFTPFTP Digital support

16 gg16gg – 3gg1,5gg – 3 gg1,5 gg

HYPERIONASTERQUICKBIRDIKONOS

Lava Distribution map

Digital support /FTPFTPFTP Digital support

16 gg16gg – 3gg1,5gg – 3 gg1,5 gg

HYPERIONASTERQUICKBIRDIKONOS

Ash distribution map

Digital support /FTPON DEMANDON DEMAND35 gg

HYPERIONQUICKBIRDASTER

Volcanic material thickness

NA46ggALOSDeformation map in L band

NA16gg - 4ggCOSMO-SkyMedDeformation map in X band

Digital support/FTP35 ggERS-ENVISATDeformation map in C band

EO Data used to S/S Support to sin-eruptive phaseEO Data used to S/S Support to sin-eruptive phaseEO Data used to S/S Support to post eruptive phaseEO Data used to S/S Support to post eruptive phase


The following algorithms have been selected to implement the EO Processing:

– Radiometric calibration module– DEM co-registration Model– Atmospheric Correction Tool CIRILLO– SBAS DINSAR– Emissivity surface temperature (TES-Q)– Thermal Analysis– AOT– Volcanic Water Vapour– SO2 content– Ash loading map– SAR deformation map (sin eruptive)– Lava and Ash distribution map– GIS tool and statistical analisys

GENERAL PURPOUSE

SPECIFIC ALGORITHMS

GIS ANALYSIS TOOL


Ground and Atmospheric measurements

1. INGV Observatories (INGV-OV and INGV-CT Sections)

2. Universitiy of Modena and Reggio Emilia


DATA TYPE SCEHDULING ETNA VESUVIO CAMPI FLEGREI

GPS Weekly (satellite passages)

X X X

Leveling On availability base

X X

SO2

(doas/cospec)

continuosly X

Video Cameras Every 15 minutes X

Geological observations

Peridicaly X X X

Temperature Based on Satellite passages

X

Geochemical (CO2) daily X

Atmospheric profiles

Daily (3 times) X X X


SRV SCHEDULE AND STATUS


General ASI-SRV GANTT


1 - 30 MONTHS

PDR

SRR

January 2008

April 2007

July, 2007

CDR

November 2008

STARTING DATE January 29 2007

QR-V1

AR-V1 June 2009

V1

V2 – V3

SYSTEM VALIDATION TESTS

CURRENT PROJECT STATUS


FINAL REMARKS

SRV PROJECT IS DEVELOPING A PRE-OPERATIONAL SYSTEM TO INTEGRATE THE MONITORING GROUND NETWORK OF ETNA, VESUVIO AND CAMPI FLEGREI VOLCANOES WITH SYSTEMATIC SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS (EO)

SRV SYSTEM INCLUDES BOTH SAR and OPTICAL PROCESSING MODULES IN ORDER TO GET A COMBINATION OF INFORMATION

PRODUCTS AND DISSEMINATION INTERFACES HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED FOLLOWNG THE GMES EMERGENCY FAST TRACK USER REQUIREMENTS

SRV IS A MODULAR SYSTEM THEREFORE IT CAN BE EXPANDED BY ADDING NEW EO PROCESSING CHAINS, MODELS, GROUND DATA


THANK YOU

A SPECIAL THANKS TO THE EFFORTS MADE BY THE TEAMS PARTICIPATING TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SRV PROJECT:

•INGV REMOTE SENSING UNIT•INGV VOLCANIC OBSERVATORIES•CNR-IREA•UNIVERSITY OF MODENA (DIMA & DIMEC)•ACS•GPLUS

•ITALIAN DEPARTEMENT OF CIVIL DEFENCE (DPC)

ASI PROJECT TEAM

presentation summary overview of active volcanoes in italy asi-srv project contest

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