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Presentation on Term PaperPresentation on Term Paper

Nishant Kumar Pandey

Roll No. - 30

TopicGlobalisation :The Tribal Encounter

By : B.D. Sharma

The book deals with the life and problems of Tribal people in the Bastar region of Chhatisgarh and as to how they are fooled and cheated by some people just for self interest. It also highlights on the encounter mechanism adopted by the indegenous people against global forces.

About AuthorB D Sharma is a Ph.D. in Mathematics and was

a teacher at Pilani.Joined IAS in 1956.First role conflict was faced by him while

being posted as district collector in Bastar in Chhatisgarh

Was secretary of tribal welfare in M.P.Became commissioner of SC & ST

commissionChairman of Bharat Jan Andolan and pioneer

of Nate-na-raj Andolan.

Introduction to book

The book presents some glimpse of Tribal response to the forcible opening up of their small world by the impact of Globalisation.

The book focuses on Tribal life and its changes in the Bastar region of Chhatisgarh which is primarily a tribal belt.

Talks about issues like deprivation of rights for tribals and exploitation by various private players.

It also deals with how tribals reacted to external forces

Key questionHow the onset of

Globalisation created an impact on tribal life.

How tribal people reacted to external pressure.

This topic was chosen considering its link to grass root level of rural India

Course of presentation

IntroductionTribal issuesCase studiesOutcome and conclusion

Tribals

Globalisation is not merely a question of marginalisation for indigenous peoples it is a multi-pronged attack on the very foundation of their existence and livelihoods

There are resources but ferociously sought by global corporations, trying to push traditional societies off their lands

New trade and investment agreements, which are opening up previously inaccessible territory to industrial extraction of natural resources, has forced indigenous peoples to defend their homelands

Bastar

Bastar : the case of colonial onslaught

The Bastar region is full of forest which bears lots of resources

Besides it has also been a shelter for indigenous people since long time

Government declared forests as reserves and it is these tribal people who had not only maintained the ecological and environmental balances but also whose life was based on the forest, had to now face a state of deprivation.

Nakabandi came in picture

Failure of Tribal Sub Plan

Apathy of governmentFlaw on part of beurocracyNo proper participation from tribal peopleForest being declared as reservesOnset of IndustrialisationPollution increased and whole

environmental balance was disturbed There was no care and surety for the

source of income of tribal people involved

The case of Bodh GhatBodh Ghat was the area in Bastar region

through which river Indravati flowed and it was a proposed site for construction of a hydel power plant

Agriculrure and forest the main source of livelihood.

There was no plan of what will be the future source of irrigation and how it will work in near by areas after execution of hydel power project.

No proper plan regarding rehabilitation and sustainable livelihood generation of tribals

Is rehabilitation a solution

Will the rehabilitation take place as a community or as an individual

What will be its impact on up growing childrenFrom where will government find an equally big

and suitable piece of land to rehabilitate the migrated people in the same way as they use to live here

What will be the solution to social necessities like primary health centre, hospital, schools and post office

What will happen if they face a bad year in new place

Case (ii)

Community ownership over industries

Proposal of establishment of Steel plant at a place called Mavalibhata in Bastar

Issues that needed to focused were firstly the nature of control over and ownership of natural resources, the ownership over surplus and positive outcomes and lastly the entitlement and responsibilities of ordinary people in the merging system.

The case of Mavalibhata

A move for exploitation of man power and human resource by setting up industry

As such over harnessing of natural resource Gradual creation of market and market forces

thereby transferring the control to other handsPeople movement took place that resulted in

historical Mavalibhata declaration.

Mavalibhata declarationFormulated on December 5, 1992 Agitation again proposed steel plantPreamble :

“We will intensify our struggles for basic changes in the institutional Structure, national laws and for establishment of a new order in Which the people will enjoy undisputed rights over resources, they Will be partner in development, everyone will have a place of honour in the new economy and the right to life with dignity of every citizen will be on-violable”.

Mavalibhata declaration Contd..

The process of encroachment on tribal resources in the name of development was highlighted.

4 key highlights were

Nation

Tribal Areas

Bastar and Mavalibhata

Democratic Norms and Human Rights

Government’s Initiative; questionable????

The Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) Strategy has been adopted for all round development of tribal areas throughout the country since Fifth Five-Year Plan. Under the TSP approach almost entire tribal inhabited area have been covered under one of the following, depending upon their population percentile:

i)Integrated Area Development Project (ITDPs)

ii)Modified Area Development Approach (MADA)

iii)Clusters

iv)Primitive Tribal GroupsTribal bill Draft National tribal policy

Connection with RLLE

Similar situation faced by Kondh tribe in Rayagada district

Deprived of facility and no care from side of government.

Industries and factories are utilizing natural resources based in tribal areas but not even a hint of profit being shared to local communities.

Difficulties faced

Scattered information in booksLack of arranged quantitative

informationDiffculty in getting real picture of role

played by NGO.

conclusion

Care needs to be taken regarding use of natural resources as they are depleting day by day

Exploitation of manpower has to be checked

“ let us live peacefully and let others also live peacefully. No tree will ever bear sweet fruit if it is nurtured by tears and sufferings of many people”

Time for society to arise, awake and step ahead

References

www.tribal.nic.inWebsite of international forum for

globalisationhttp://www.freedomindia.comwww.Indianjungles.comhttp://ignca.nic.in/ls_03025.htmGlobal perception of tribal research in

India By : M . L. Patel

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