presentation on processor

8/6/2019 Presentation on Processor

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A+ Guide to Hardware, 4e 1




GROUP MEMBERS

1. RANA ARSALAN.2. ISMAEEL.3. MOHAMMAD NOUMAN.4. WAQAS SHAFIQ

PRESENTATION ON PROCESSORS




Processors

� Processor is located on motherboard

± Components determine power and features of system

� Major manufacturers: Intel and AMD.

� Factors used to rate processors:

± System bus speeds supported; e.g., 1066 MHz

± Processor core frequency in gigahertz; e.g., 3.2 GHz

± Word size (32 or 64 bits) and data path (64 or 128 bits)

± Multiprocessing ability and processor specific memory

± Efficiency and functionality of programming code




How a Processor Works

� Three basic components:

± Input/output (I/O) unit

± Control unit

± One or more arithmetic logic units (ALUs)

� Registers: high-speed memory used by ALU

� Internal cache: holds data to be processed by ALU

� Two types of buses: ± External (front-side) bus: data portion is 64 bits wide

± Internal (back-side) bus: data portion is 32 bits wide




the CPU was first developed by intel in 1974 and is short

for Central Processing Unit. The computer CPU isresponsible for handling all instructions and calculation it

receives from other hardware components in the computer

and software programs running on the computer. Below is a

graphic example of the original Intel Pentium processor looks

like.




The Intel Processors

� Early model numbers: 8088, 8086, 80286, 386, 486

� New three-digit processor numbers:

± Pentium processors: 5xx to 8xx

± Celeron processors: 3xx

± Pentium M processors: 7xx

� Overview of the Pentium family of processors

± Two ALUs are used for multiprocessing

± 64-bit external path size and two 32-bit internal paths

± Eight types of Pentium processors; e.g., Pentium 4

± Celeron and Xeon are offshoots from Pentium family




Contains two processingcores to optimize gaming,

video, and image

processing. Laptops with

this chip tend to be

thinner and more energy-

efficient.

Intel Pentium Dual

CoreDual core processor

based on the Core micro

architecture. A class

beneath the Core 2 Duo

and Core Duo of Intel'sprocessor offerings, the

Pentium Dual Core is

available in current

desktops and laptops.

Intel Core 2 Duo




Intel Core Duo / Intel

Core SoloThe Intel Core Duo and Core

Solo are dual and single core

processors based on the

Core micro architecture. The

Core Duoand Core Solo offers modest

performance for office and

limited multimedia oriented

tasks.

AMD Athlon II

X2The AMD Athlon II X2

is a 2 core desktop

processor that is 80%

faster than it's single

core counterpart.Great for multitasking

and multimedia

consumption on a

budget.




AMD Processors

� Manufactured by Advanced Micro Devices, Inc

� Geared to 64-bit desktop and mobile processors

� Older AMD processors

± Use motherboards not compatible with Intel processors

± Earlier processors used a 321-pin socket

� Current AMD processors

± For desktops: Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core, Athlon 64 FX ± For servers: Athlon MP, Opteron

± For notebooks: Turion 64 Mobile, Mobile Athlon 64




AMD Phenom I X3 &

Phenom I X4

AMD's first generation of

consumer class processors

featuring quad and triple core

performance found in desktop

builds. Features 64-bit computing

performance as well asAMD's

HyperTransport bus technology.

AMD Turion II Ultra /AMD

Turion IIThe Turion II and Turion II Ultra

areAMD's mainstream mobile

processor platform; they provide

excellent all-around performance

for multimedia such as high

definition video.As these are oftenpaired withAMD/ATI graphics,

budget configurations containing

these processors are also sufficient

for basic 3D graphics and gaming.




Intel

Centrino/CentrinoDuo Intel Celeron IntelAtom

AMD Sempron AMDAthlon Neo / Neo X2




Installing a Processor

� Types of installation technicians are asked to perform:

± Assemble a PC from parts

± Exchange a processor that is faulty

± Add a second processor to a dual-processor system

± Upgrade an existing processor to improve performance

� Motherboard documentation lists suitable processors

� Some processor features to consider:

± The core frequency and supported bus speeds

± Multiprocessing capabilities

± An appropriate cooler




Voltage to the Processor

� Earlier processors drew power from system bus lines

± Newer motherboards may have a power connector

� Modern motherboards regulate voltage to socket

� Sockets were more universal for older processors

± Processor may fit socket, but not get correct voltage

± Ensure that motherboard supports older processor

� Dual-voltage processor ± Voltages for internal and external operations differ

� Single-voltage processor: requires only one voltage

presentation on processor

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