presentation on “ power scenario in india ” by v.k. agrawal gm, srldc bangalore
DESCRIPTION
PRESENTATION ON “ Power Scenario in India ” by V.K. AGRAWAL GM, SRLDC BANGALORE 2 nd March, 2006. PRESENTATION OVERVIEW. INDIAN POWER SYSTEM – EVOLUTION REGIONAL GRIDS IN INDIA – QUICK FACTS SOUTHERN REGIONAL GRID – AN OVERVIEW GRID CONTROL - ISSUES & CARDINAL EVENTS - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
1
PRESENTATIONON
“ Power Scenario in India ”
by
V.K. AGRAWAL
GM, SRLDC
BANGALORE
2nd March, 2006
2
PRESENTATION OVERVIEW
INDIAN POWER SYSTEM – EVOLUTION
REGIONAL GRIDS IN INDIA – QUICK FACTS
SOUTHERN REGIONAL GRID – AN OVERVIEW
GRID CONTROL - ISSUES & CARDINAL EVENTS
POWER SECTOR - THRUST AREAS & CONCERNS
3
INDIAN POWER SECTOR
EVOLUTION
4
Indian Power Grid – its Evolution• Phenomenal expansion since Independence (1947)
Generation : 1349 MW (in 1947) 120,000 MW (in 2006)
Grid :
Local grid – at the time of Independence.
State Grids – emerged in 1960s.
Regional Grids – in 1970s.
Five Regional Grids – Northern, Western, Southern,
Eastern & North-eastern
National Grid – All Five Regions Interconnected (2002)
5
Growth of Installed Capacity for Electricity in India
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000ALL FIGURES IN MW
6
TRANSMISSION VOLTAGE
OWNERSHIP TOTAL
CENTRAL STATE
Circuit Kilometer
+ 500 kV HVDC
4,372 1,504 5,876
765 kV charged at 400 kV
917 409 1,326
400 kV 40,854 22,607 63,461
220 kV 9,220 98,521 107,741
132 kV* 2,152 93,126 95,278
Total 57,515 216,167 273,682
EHV Infrastructure
7
Coal
Hydro
Energy Resource Map
8
Source wise composition of installed capacity in India
2.40% 1.70% 26%
70%
HydroThermalNuclearWind
1,20,934 MW
9
ALL INDIA GENERATION COMPOSITION
14.6
408.5
87.7
ThermalHydroNuclear
Total Market Size = 510.8 BU
10
ALL INDIA MARKET COMPOSITION
5%9%
3%
46%
37%
State Sector long termPPACentral Sector longterm PPAIPP generation
Electricity Trading
Balancing market
11
Sector wise consumption of electricity in India
22%
29%
5%
35%
6%
3%
IndustryDomesticRailwaysAgricultureCommercialOthers
12
State Govt.
SERC
IPPs SGC CPPs
STU
SLDC
Distn Cos.
Consumers
Central Govt.
CEA CERC
RPC
CTU
RLDC
CGS
INDIAN POWER SECTOR - HIERARCHICAL SET UP
13
REGIONAL GRIDS
QUICK FACTS
14
SOUTHERN REGION
WESTERNREGION
EASTERN REGION
NORTHERN REGION
NORTH-EASTERN REGION
INSTALLED CAPACITY
NORTHERN :- 33,782 MW
EASTERN :- 16,680 MW
SOUTHERN :- 33,162 MW
WESTERN :- 34,867 MW
NORTH-EASTERN :- 2,443 MW
TOTAL 120,934 MW
REGIONAL GRIDS
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SOUTHERN REGION
WESTERNREGION
EASTERN REGION
NORTHERN REGION
NORTH-EASTERN REGION
‘ ELECTRICAL’
REGIONS1
2
3
SAME FREQUENCY FROM GUJARAT TO ARUNACHAL PRADESH WITH EFFECT FROM MARCH 2003
ABOUT 2800 KMS! APART
16
SOUTHERN REGION
WESTERNREGION
EASTERN REGION
NORTHERN REGION
NORTH-EASTERN REGION
‘ELECTRICAL’
REGIONS
1
2
WITH THE COMMISSIONING OF THE TALA PROJECT CONNECTING THE EASTERN AND NORTHERN GRIDS, INDIA WILL HAVE ONLY TWO GRIDS
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Inter Regional Links
700 MW700 MW
1200MW1200MW
2000MW2000MW
1200 MW1200 MW
900 MW900 MW30,500 MW
16,000
32,700 MW
32,934 MW
2300
1850 MW1850 MW
1650 MW1650 MW
Present IR Present IR Capacity = Capacity = 9,500 MW9,500 MW
18
By 2006
Inter-regional capacity - 11,500MW
19
By 2007
Inter-regional capacity - 18,400MW
20
11850 MW
1200 MW6050 MW
5500 MW
1400 MW6150 MW
36,700 MW OF INTER-REGIONAL POWER BY 2012
EASTERN REGION
SOUTHERN REGION
WESTERNREGION
NORTHERN REGION
NORTH-EASTERN REGION
INTER-REGIONAL TRANSFER BY END OF 11th PLAN (2012)
4000 MW
21
GROWTH OF INSTALLED CAPACITY OF SR
1947
5
1983
0
2030
4
2129
8
2213
3
2298
3
2417
3 2616
3 2850
1
2952
6 3273
3
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05
YEARS --->
IN MW
22
INSTALLED CAPACITY IN SR
The above capacity does not includes
--- About 1344 MW of Wind Mill Capacity in Tamil Nadu.
--- Micro and Captive plants in different states.
AGENCY HYDRO THERMAL GAS/DIESEL WIND/OTHERS NUCLEAR TOTAL
ANDHRA PRADESH 3586 2963 272 2 --- 6823
KARNATAKA 3387 1470 128 5 --- 4989
KERALA 1831 --- 235 2 --- 2068
TAMILNADU 213 2970 423 19 --- 5550
PONDICHERRY --- --- 33 --- --- 33
CENTRAL SECTOR --- 8090 360 --- 830 9280
IPP 278 387 1781 1975 --- 4421
TOTAL 11219 (34%) 15880 (48%) 3230 (10%) 2003 (6%) 830 (3%) 33162 (100%)
23
15880 (48%)
11219 (34%)830 (3%)
2003 (6.0%)
3230 (10%)
HYDRO THERMAL GAS WIND /OTHERS NUCLEAR
SOURCE-WISE INSTALLED CAPACITY OF SR IN MW
33,162 MW
HYDRO
THERMAL
WIND/OTHERSNUCLEAR
GAS
24
TRANSMISSION IN SOUTHERN INDIA
ABOUT 2800 CKM OF 400 KV LINES ADDED IN THE PAST 2 YEARS
VOLTAGE LEVEL AP KAR KER TN CGS TOTAL
400 KV 2042 1614 9850 13506
220/230 KV 10050 7590 2650 6270 366 26926
132/110 KV 12360 6060 3720 10220 32360
TOTAL 24452 15264 6370 16490 10216 71404
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11000
13000
15000
17000
19000
21000
23000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
HOUR ---->
DE
MA
ND
IN
MW
--->
TYPICAL LOAD CURVE OF SR
WINTER
MONSOON
SUMMER
EVENING PEAK
WEATHER
26
GRID CONTROL
ISSUES & CARDINAL EVENTS
27
GRID OPERATION – TYPICAL ISSUES IN PAST
• LOW / HIGH FREQUENCY PROBLEMS
– FREQUENCY EXCURSES TO LOW/HIGH VALUES
• LOW / HIGH VOLTAGE OPERATION
– CRITICALLY LOW VOLTAGES AT LOAD CENTRES
– SUBSTANTIALLY HIGH VOLTAGES AT FAR ENDS
• SYSTEM BROWNOUTS / BLACK OUTS
– SEPERATION OF SYSTEMS / LOSS OF LOAD
• ECONOMIC IN-STABILITY / INCREASED ELECTRICAL LOSSES– UNRELIABLE / INEFFICIENT OPERATION OF EQUIPMENT
28
GRID OPERATION: A TIGHT ROPE WALK
BLACK-OUTVOLTAGE
COLLAPSE IN-ECONOMIC
OPERATION
INSTABILITYPOWER
SWINGSINCREASED
LOSSES
29
GRID OPERATION – PRESENT STATUS
STABILISED SYSTEM FREQUENCY
IMPROVED VOLTAGES
MERIT ORDER OPERATION
INTER REGIONAL EXCHANGES
IMPROVED GRID SECURITY
30
GRID PRESENT STATUS -- CARDINAL EVENTS
• AVAILABILITY BASED TARIFF
• UNIFIED LOAD DESPATCH SCHEME
• GENERATION ADDITION
• INTERREGIONAL AC / HVDC LINKS
• OPERATIONAL EXELLANCE
31
INDIAN POWER SECTOR
THRUST AREAS AND ISSUES
32
INDIAN POWER SECTOR – THRUST AREAS
SEBs TURNAROUND
DISTRIBUTION SECTOR REFORMS
EVOLUTION OF PLANS AND POLICIES
EMPHASIS ON SYSTEM SECURITY & STABILITY
33
INDIAN POWER SECTOR – ISSUES
ADDITION OF TARGETED CAPACITIES
INTRA-STATE ABT
METERING AND BILLING
CONCEPT OF ANCILLARY SERVICES
RATIONALISATION OF UI SLOPE
34
MONSOONS
SOUTH WEST MONSOON NORTH EAST
MONSOON
BACK
35
Power development - 16th EPS projections
975
719529507
Mar.'01 (act.) Mar.'02 (est.) Mar.'07 (est.) Mar.'12 (est.)
157107
1157058513278037
Peak requirement
in MW
Energy requirement
in BU
36
Description Target (In MW)
Hydro 16,000
Coal 38,000
Nuclear 3,000
Gas & Naptha 6,000
NCE 5,000
TOTAL 67,000
Capacity Addition Programme (11th Plan)
Description Target (In MW) Achieved till now (In MW)
Thermal 25,417 7,805
Hydro 14,393 5,394
Nuclear 1,300 540
TOTAL 41,110 13,739
Capacity Addition Programme (10th Plan)
37
68 72 76 88 92 9680 84
S S
W W
NN
EE
NE
L
GEO POLITICAL
POWER REGIONS
B’DESH-
SRI
NEPALBHUTAN
INDIAINDIA
J&K
HP
PUNJAB
HARIANA
RAJASTHANUP
MP
BIHAR
ORISSA
WBGUJARAT
MAHARASHTRA
KARNATAKA
TAMIL
NADU
AP
ASSAM
MNP
MIZTRP
NG
ME
LAKSHADWEEP
A&N
MYANMAR
SKM
PONDICHERY
DELHI
GOA
DIU
DAMAN
NER NER
LANKA
JKND
CTGR
PROPOSED 5 ULTRA MEGA POWER PROJECTS
TADIRI
MUDRAKOT SASA