presentation on international business( differences in culture)
TRANSCRIPT
A presentation on
Differences in Culture
The Avengers Sl Name ID1. Sarif Ahamed Sawon 1202160342. Md. Sourav Hossain 1202160373. Azaaz Munshi 1202160864. Sagor Chandra Podder 1202160175. Tithi Debnath 1202160966. Jannatul Ferdows 1202160207. Razib Hassan 1302160098. Mizanur Rahman 1202160029. Moyna Akter 12021610. Helena Akter 120216124
Submitted to Israt Afroz Lecturer
Department of Business AdministrationZH Sikder University of Science & Technology
Cross Cultural Literacy Cross-cultural literacy is an understanding of
how cultural differences across and within nations can affect the way in which business is practiced
Culture Culture is a system of values and norms that are
shared among a group of people and that when taken together constitute a design for living.
o Values are abstract ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable
o Norms are the social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular situations
Society refers to a group of people who share a common set of values and norms
o Folkways - the routine conventions of everyday life
o Mores - norms that are seen as central to the functioning of a society and to its social life
How Are Culture, Society, And The Nation State Related?
The relationship between a society and a nation state is not strictly one-to-one
Nation-states are political creations o can contain one or more cultures
A culture can embrace several nations
The Determinants of Culture
Culture norms and
values system
Religion
Political Philosoph
y
Economic
Philosophy
Education
Language
Social Structure
Social structure refers to a society’s basic social organization
What Is Social Stratification
Social stratification means the stratification of societies on hierarchical basis into social categories or social strata.
To stratified society we must consider:
Social Mobility: - The extent to which individuals can move out of the strata into which they are born
Caste System Class System
How Do Religious And Ethical Systems Differ
Religion:o Christianityo Islamo Hinduismo Buddhism
Ethical systems:
What Is Christianity?
o The Protestant work ethic (Max Weber, 1804) • hard work, wealth creation, and frugality is
the driving force of capitalism
What Is Islam?
o The world’s second largest religiono extends the underlying roots of Christianity to
an all-embracing way of life that governs one's being
o Islamic fundamentalism is associated in the Western media with militants, terrorists, and violent upheavals, but in fact Islam teaches peace, justice, and tolerance
What is Hinduism?o Practiced primarily on the Indian sub- continent.
About 750 millions people follow it.o Focuses on the importance of achieving spiritual
growth and development.o Believes in reincarnation or rebirth into a different
body after death.
What is Buddhism?o About 350 millions people follow it.o Does not emphasize wealth creation.o Entrepreneurial behavior is not stressed.
What is confucianism?o Confucianism build up a comprehensive ethical
code that set down guidelines for relationships with other.
o Its performing personal salvation through right-action.
o Three main techniques of Confucianism is Loyalty, Reciprocal obligations and Honesty.
Criticism of Hofstede’s Dimensions
Hofstede’s work has been criticized because
o One-to-one relationship between culture and the nation-state
o study may have been culturally bound
Criticism of Hofstede’s Dimensions
o Used IBM as sole source of information
o Culture is not static – it evolves
What Do Cultural Differences Mean For Managers? It is important to develop cross-cultural literacy
There is a connection between culture and national competitive advantage
A group is an association of two or more people who have a shared sense of identity and who interact with each other in structured ways on the basis of a common set of expectations about each other’s behavior Individualism: This kind of people are emphasis own their achievement.
How are Individuals and groups Different?
In Western societies, there is a focus on the individualo individual achievement is common o dynamism of the U.S. economyo high level of entrepreneurship
> But creates a lack of company loyalty and failure to gain company specific knowledge
How are Individuals and groups different?
In many Asian societies, the group is the primary unit of social organization o discourages job switching between firmso encourages lifetime employment systems
But might also suppress individual creativity intitative
The Role Of Education In Culture
Formal education is the medium through which individuals learn many of the language, conceptual, and mathematical skills that are indispensable in a modern society
How Does Culture Impact The Workplace:
Management processes and practices must be adapted to culturally-determined work-related values
Geert Hofstede identified four dimensions of culture1. Power distance - how a society deals with the fact
that people are unequal in physical and intellectual capabilities
2. Individualism versus collectivism - the relationship between the individual and his fellows
3. Uncertainty avoidance - the extent to which different cultures socialize their members into accepting ambiguous situations and tolerating ambiguity
4. Masculinity versus femininity -the relationship between gender and work roles