presentation by aldc - united nations conference on...
TRANSCRIPT
• Poverty eradication means doubling the lowest household incomes globally in just 15 years…
• …after they have stagnated for the last 20-30 years
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030
$ p
er
pe
rso
n p
er
day
(2
00
5 P
PP
)
Estimated Global Consumption Floor, 1981-2011, and 2030 Target
$1.25-a-daybasis
$1.00-a-daybasis
MDGs SDGs Pre-
MDGs
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 20 40 60 80 100
Po
vert
y H
ead
cou
nt
Rat
io, 2
01
1 (
%)
Poverty Headcount Ratio, 1990 (%)
Poverty Headcount Ratio, 1990 and 2011 (%)
ODCs (Other)
ODCs (SSA)
African LDCs +Haiti
Asian LDCs
Island LDCs
-80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Yemen, Rep. (2005)Nepal (2010)
Lao PDR (2012)Bhutan (2012)
Bangladesh (2010)Afghanistan (2011)Timor-Leste (2007)
Sao Tome and Principe (2009)Comoros (2004)
Zambia (2010)Uganda (2009)
Togo (2011)Tanzania (2012)
Sudan (2009)South Sudan (2009)Sierra Leone (2011)
Senegal (2011)Niger (2008)
Mozambique (2009)Mauritania (2008)
Mali (2010)Malawi (2010)
Madagascar (2010)Liberia (2007)
Lesotho (2010)Guinea-Bissau (2002)
Guinea (2012)Ethiopia (2011)
Equatorial Guinea (2006)Congo, Dem. Rep. (2005)
Chad (2011)Central African Republic (2008)
Burundi (2006)Burkina Faso (2009)
Benin (2011)Angola (2008)
Poverty Headcount Ratio
urban rural
-100 -50 0 50 100
Yemen, Rep.Nepal
MyanmarLao PDR
CambodiaBhutan
BangladeshAfghanistan
VanuatuTuvalu
Timor-LesteSolomon Islands
Sao Tome and PrincipeKiribati
Comoros (2010)ZambiaUganda
TogoTanzania
SudanSouth Sudan
Somalia (2011)Sierra Leone
SenegalRwanda
NigerMozambique
MauritaniaMali
MalawiMadagascar
LiberiaLesotho
HaitiGuinea-Bissau
GuineaGambia, The
EthiopiaEritrea (2008)
Equatorial Guinea (2006=Djibouti
Congo, Dem. Rep.Chad
Central African RepublicBurundi
Burkina FasoBenin
Angola
Population without Access to Water
rural urban
-100 -50 0 50 100
Yemen, Rep.Nepal
MyanmarLao PDR
CambodiaBhutan
BangladeshAfghanistan
VanuatuTuvalu
Timor-LesteSolomon Islands
Sao Tome and PrincipeKiribati
ComorosZambiaUganda
TogoTanzania
SudanSouth Sudan
SomaliaSierra Leone
SenegalRwanda
NigerMozambique
MauritaniaMali
MalawiMadagascar
LiberiaLesotho
HaitiGuinea-Bissau
GuineaGambia, The
EthiopiaEritrea
Equatorial GuineaDjibouti
Congo, Dem. Rep.Chad
Central African RepublicBurundi
Burkina FasoBenin
Angola
Population without Access to Electricity
urban rural
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1990-2000 2000-2012 2015-2030
mill
ion
ru
ral p
eo
ple
gai
nin
g ac
cess
pe
r ye
ar
Annual net increase in rural access to electricity, water and sanitation, LDCs,
1990‒2012 and 2030 target
water
electricity
sanitationPre- MDGs MDGs SDGs
0
20
40
60
80
Bu
rkin
a Fa
soEt
hio
pia
Mad
agas
car
Mal
awi
Mal
i (S)
Mo
zam
biq
ue
Nig
erR
wan
da
Sen
egal
Sud
anTa
nza
nia
Uga
nd
aZa
mb
ia
Hai
ti
Ban
glad
esh
Bh
uta
nM
yan
mar
Nep
al
Non-Farm % of Rural Income, Various Years since 1983/4 (highest and
lowest estimates)
But higher non-farm % does not necessarily mean more transformation, because it includes survivalist "entrepreneurship by necessity" as well as dynamic "entrepreneurship by choice"
Labour force
Total
(Thousands)
Share in agriculture
(% of total)
Female share of agricultural
labour force
(%)
1980 1995 2010 2014 1980 1995 2010 2014 1980 1995 2010 2014
LDCs 161'032 242'811 368'329 410'983 79 73 66 64 46 47 49 50
African LDCs and Haiti 92'854 142'046 227'337 258'984 82 78 71 69 47 48 49 50
Asian LDCs 67'619 99'936 139'816 150'690 75 66 57 54 43 44 48 49
Island LDCs 559 829 1'176 1'309 76 72 66 64 46 45 47 48
Findings
Female share of the agricultural labour force, LDCs
Source: FAOSTAT, Population Statistics (retrieved on 05/05/2015). Female share of the agricultural labour force: total number of women economically active in agriculture divided by the total population economically active in agriculture
Gender-specific
obstacles
Land
Credit
Farm inputs
Extension services
Labour
Markets
Education
Time & mobility
constraints
Challenges
Gender gap in agricultural productivity
Inhibits growth and diversification potential of the rural economy
0
20
40
60
80
100
Bu
rkin
a Fa
so
Gam
bia
Gu
inea
Mal
i
Sen
egal
Eth
iop
ia
Hai
ti
Leso
tho
Mad
agas
car
Mal
awi
Mo
zam
biq
ue
Uga
nd
a
Zam
bia
Ban
glad
esh
Mya
nm
ar
Nep
al
Co
mo
ros
Agricultural Landholders by Gender (%)
female
male
West Africa Other Africa & Haiti Asia Island
0
20
40
60
80
100
male female male female male female
African LDCs & Haiti Asian LDCs Island LDCs
Vulnerable Employment, by LDC Regional Groups (%)
Contributing familyworkersOwn-accountworkingEmployers
Wage and salariedemployment
Available in: .pdf .xls spreadsheet Downloadable from: www.unctad.org/ldcr Under The Least Developed Countries Report 2015