presentation 1 the reactions of neighbouring countries
TRANSCRIPT
QUEST INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY PERAK
Faculty of Business, Management and Social Sciences
MALAYSIAN STUDIES
MPW1133
Individual Presentation
Topic •Explain the events and the reactions of neighboring countries leading to the formation of Malaysia.
INTRODUCTIONMalaysia 16th September 1963 Merging idea was – raised several time 1955- David Marshall – suggested merge Singapore with
Malaysia – rejected by Tunku Abdul Rahman
Lee Kuan Yew – unfavorable response 27th May 1961- Tunku Abdul Rahman suggest to
merge Singapore, Sabah Sarawak and
Brunei. proposal-triggered different reaction
Singapore Most interest political changes-change the mind of
part population opposed- UPP (United Party’s People) Lee Kuan Yew- campaigned- merger 1 September 1962 – referendum~ 71.1% supported promised autonomy
Brunei
Large section agreed-many of them preffered-independent
Ruler Ali Saifuddin-protection-Malaya A.M Azhari-opposed-led a revolt against the
government of Brunei- defeated > ulterior motive ~ North Borneo territories and place
them and place them under reigns of Brunei
Sabah Sarawak
free – British imperialism feared losing authority population structure – different – new country losing their position- “Malayan domination” –
non-Malays 1961- Tunku went to this territories – explain-
benefits of merger
Malaya Generally acceptPAS (Malaysian Islamic Party) – strongly
against
– Claims the Malays will lose out – establish MAPHILINDO
BritishNovember 1961- Tunku- flew to discuss –
British government Very much – favor in itSurprised – strength of Malay feelingsReceived report - Sir Edward Gent
- Mc Donald
~ that evaluated how united- Malay opposition
wants
Two alternative way
> ignore the opposition
> change their plans but-make – unpopular- in Malaya
- destroy any future chances -
cooperationIf failed to – peacefully opposition – violent
action – Malayan Communist Party – gain support
aim- central Government – Malay
~ prefer to extent citizenship - non-Malay- joined Malayan Communist Party
Formed
o Cobbold Commission – Lord Cobbold – investigate – reaction of – Sabah Sarawak
~ two months later – reached conclusion
- 1/3 rejected the merger
- 2/3 supported
Independent
Merger – won – favor approved – British September 1963 – Malaya, Singapore, Sabah
Sarawak – one nation – Malaysia Official proclamation – Tunku Abdul Rahman –
Merdeka Stadium
Protest From
neighbouring countries
• Indonesia and Philippines disapproved of new establishment due to their own ulterior motives.
Philippines
claimed Sabah- part – of them did not acknowledge > as an independent
or > the office declarationSabah agreed- Philippines continued
– contest President – Macapagal
>severed diplomatic tiesIt was only sometime in June in1966gave due recognition to Malaysia and acknowledged it as an independent country.
IndonesiaHoping to merge - Malaya to form "Indonesia
Raya" and establish the independent - North
Borneo Federation comprising Sabah,
Sarawak and Brunei President Sukarno
- influenced - Communist party
- January 1963 to August 1966 - declared a
Confrontation policy of on Malaysia -voice his
objection of the formations of Malaysia
Indonesia - a halt to all diplomatic relations - Malaysia - launched an attack
The first stops the Indonesians made were at Pontian, Labis, Muar and Kota Tinggi.
- Agents were sent to overthrow the Malaysian government
- create misunderstanding among Malays and Chinese The confrontation
- came to an eventual end when
Sukarno - by Suharto as the president
of Indonesia.
- a peace treaty was signed between both countries in Jun 1966
Brunei changed mindSultan realized that he wouldn’t be given
special rights above the other Sultans in Malaya
- limited oil reserves
Singapore
9th Aug 1965
> withdraw – Malaysia
- to form her own Republic due to some disagreement –particularly about special right of the natives.
Conclusion• Tunku – obstacles – merge –
independent• Many reactions• Celebrate – 55 years of independence
Prepared by >>>
Malathi
Thank you….
Prepared for >>>
Mr.Palaniappan ( Lecturer MPW 1133)