INFRARED AND MICROWAVES

Kelas XI-4

SMK-SMAK Bogor

Norma Yunita Chandra Dewi

Nur Aulia Fitriani Kuntari

Nur Ghaffar

Rimaliani Adya Putri

MEMBERS

MICROWAVES

Microwave is wave with a super high frequency (SHF).It’s a radio wave with the highest frequency, more than3Ghz up 300Ghz. The wavelength is 1mm until 1m. If amicrowave is absorbed by something, then it will show theeffect of the heat on it

The Wavelength Frequency AreaMicrowave with a wavelength between 1 millimeter to 1 meter.

Or has frequency between 300 MHz (0.3 GHz) up to 300GHz.

The Inventor of Microwave

Recognized by some people as the father of modernphysics, James Clerk Maxwell was a very influentialfigure in the field of electricity, thermodynamics,photography, nuclear energy, and others. Invention ofthe electromagnetic spectrum that affect thedevelopment of television, radio, the microwave, andhelp in the development of radio and infrared.

The Inventor of Microwave

Equations on electromagnetic field is veryimportant for the theory of special relativity, byAlbert Einstein. He also produced the first colorphotograph. His work really marks advances of thework of another great scientist Isaac Newton, andhelp to inform the science behind many of thetechnological developments of modern times.

Microwave station works with the help of the antena,receiver, and other equipment needed for datatransmission communication with microwaves.Microwave signals can transmit data at speeds up to 45Mbps, but because of microwave signals is moving in onedirection straight line

1. Warming.

We are certainly familiar with the name of a

microwave oven that we use in the daily life to

heat the food. Microwave oven use microwave in

the frequency of about 2.45 GHz2. Telecommunications

For those who love to take advantage of hotspots are certainlyfamiliar with WiFi. And also for those who fond of usingbluetooth to transfer files between mobile phones or mobilephone with a computer

3. Radar and navigationRadar also uses microwaves to detect an object. Accordancewith its name radio detection and ranging, radar utilizing thewave reflection from the object for detection.

Microwave Oven

a. Radiation Wave

Microwave oven use 2.5 GHz of frequency ofthe radio waves to heat the food. The wavepropagate by radiation.

b. Dielectric Heating

The phenomenon where radio waves heat thedielectric material

Concept

How A Microwave System Work?

1.Alternating electric current to stay in line with current potential low and high changed the potential difference in the form of direct current2.This current magnetron use with the frequency to produce 2,45 ghz microwave3.Microwave directed by a antenna in the top of magnetron into a waveguide4.Microwave a waveguide continue to a device like a fan , called with stirrer .Spreading stirrer in a microwave .5.Microwaves are then reflected by a wall in an oven and absorbed by the molecule food molecules6.Because every wave have a positive and negative components , the molecules food urged the fore and back during the 2 times the speed of the frequency of microwave , namely 4.9 million times in each second .

INFRARED

We are surrounded by infrared every moment of every day.

Warm objects, such as the human body, produce large

amounts of infrared.

Definition

Infrared (IR) is invisible radiant energy, electromagnetic radiation with longer

wavelengths than those of visible light.

Discoverer

Discovered in 1800 by astronomer Sir William Herschel. It was an

accidental discovery, as at the time he was trying to

devise a way of cutting down the glare of looking at the sun through a telescope.

The Wavelength Frequency Area

From the nominal red edge of the visible

spectrum at 700 nanometers

(frequency 430 THz) to 1 mm (300 GHz).

Infrared energy is emitted or absorbed by molecules when they change rotational-vibrational movements. Infrared energy elicits vibrational modes in a molecule through a change in a dipole moment.

Mechanism

Application

Temperature : Used to measure the temperature of objects that can’t we touch.

Night Vision : Infrared is used in night vision equipment when thereis insufficient visible light to see.

Remote Control : The basic premise at work in an IR remote control is the use of light to carry signals between a remote control and the device it's directing

How does equipment work?

1. A conventional lens capturessome infrared light nearby.

2. All of the light is sent to an image intensifier tube

3. Tube amplifier image has photokatoda amplifier that converts the energy photons into electrons.

4. The electrons then pass through the

electron tube is also removed from the

atoms located around the tube that

passes through a container called

'microchannel' (MCP). MCP is a small

glass disc that has millions of

microscopic holes in it. When electron

from the first electrode bumping

photocathode MCP, an acceleration in

the glass microchannel with 5000 volt

bursts transmitted on each pair of new

electrode. Electron collision results also

collide with other atoms, creating a

chain reaction.

5. The end of the tube amplifier,the electrons hit the screencoated with this phosphor.Electron maintain its position soas to produce perfect imageswhen electrons are in the middleof the same with this real.Phospor photon creates a greenimage on the screen that arecharacteristic of the night visionillustration of a green phosphorviewed through another lenscalled 'ocular lens', which allowsto be enlarged and made morefocused image.

ConclusionAll of object that have temperature produce infrared

waves. Infrared is very usefull in daily life. But, strongradiation infrared waves is danger for human’s health.

Microwave is one of the example of the spectrum ofelectromagnetic waves, which have the wavelength 1m-1 mmwith the frequency 3GHz until 300GHz. Widely used inwarming, communication systems and radar systems. Whereone of the example is the microwave oven.

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