presentación de philipp rode en chile: reevolución urbana
DESCRIPTION
Director ejecutivo y profesor del LSE Cities. Ingeniero en Planificación y Gestión de Transporte de la Universidad Técnica de Berlín. Ha participado como organizador de las conferencias Urban Age en asociación con el Desutsche Bank´s Alfred Herrhausen. co-autor de “Global Metromonitor”(2010) “Transforming urban economies: policy lesson from European and Asian Cities” (2013) y “The electric city”(2012).TRANSCRIPT
URBANISATION AND URBAN CHANGEpositioning Santiago de Chile
Re-evolucion Urbana, International ConferenceSantiago, 08 October 2014
Philipp Rode, LSE Cities / Urban Age ProgrammeLondon School of Economics and Political Science
GLOBAL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION
0.5%of the earth’s surface is urbanised
54%of the world’s population is urban (2014)
80%of global economic outputcomes from urban areas
Source: UN DESA 2014
URBAN POPULATION SHARE IN SELECTED WORLD REGIONS, 1950-2050
SOUTH AMERICA | CHILE 89% URBAN
URBAN POPULATION SHARE BY SETTLEMENT SIZESource: UN DESA 2014
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700
Cumulative contribution to global GDP of cities above 0.5 million
Source: LSE Cities and Oxford Economics 2014
LARGE CITIES GLOBAL ECONOMIC OUTPUT SHARE (2012)
69 largest cities =30% of global GDP
Santiago, #69
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
Agriculture Industry Transport,Storage, Info,
Comms
F&BS Consumerservices
Public services
Santiago GVA by sector
20122030
Income of Santiago in 2012 and 2030 (measured as Gross Value Added)SANTIAGO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSITION BY OUTPUT
Source: LSE Cities and Oxford Economics 2014
mill
ion
US$
RESIDENTSPEAK 27,100 pp/km2
EMPLOYMENTPEAK 141,600 jobs/km2
LONDON | LOCATION OF WORKING AND LIVING
SANTIAGO SHANGHAI
URBAN DENSITY | RESIDENTIAL
SÃO PAULO NEW YORK
MUMBAI
LONDON
6.5mMetro Population
51,800Max. Density [pers./sqkm]
SANTIAGO METRO REGION - DENSITY
MUMBAI METRO REGION - DENSITY
19.3mMetro Population
25,316 Avg. density central area of 10 km radius [pers./sqkm]
121,312Max. Density [pers./sqkm]
LONDON METRO REGION - DENSITY
19.0mMetro Population
8,326Avg. density central area of 10 km radius [pers./sqkm]
27,100Max. Density [pers./sqkm]
VERTICALISATION
In Shanghai the number of 8 storey building or higher increased from 121 in 1980 to 10,045 in 2005
HORIZONTAL EXPANSION - URBAN SPRAWL
The built-up land in Mexico City grew from 1980 to 2000 by more than 30%
3x increaseof urban land from 2000 to 2030 (Seto et al 2012)
US$400 billion per yearthe external costs of sprawl in the United States
of global energy-related carbon emissions come from urban areas
to 80% of energy consumption in urban areas
DISTRIBUTION OF THE LEAST EDUCATED
SAO PAULO RIO DE JANEIRO BUENOS AIRES
BOGOTA LIMA
SOCIAL SEGREGATION IN SANTIAGOSource: Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Inteligencia Territorial 2014
Cities
URBAN FORM AND INFRASTRUCTURE: LOCKING IN MOBILITY PATTERNSSource: LSE Cities 2014
ISTANBULSÃO PAULO
MUMBAI
LONDON
HONG KONG
93% 95%
71% 86% 63%
THE SHARE OF PUBLIC AND NON-MOTORISED TRAVEL
73%
SANTIAGO
CONGESTION: LOSS OF PRODUCTIVITY IN URBAN AREASUp to 15% of GDP in Beijing (Creutzig and He 2009); Buenos Aires 3.4%, Mexico City 2.6% and Dakar 3.4% (World Bank 2002)
LOCAL AIR POLLUTIONFor 311 cities, 86% exceed WHO air quality guidelines equating to 730,000 premature deaths
compact, connected, coordinated urban growth, built around mass public transport, can create cities that are economically dynamic, healthier, and that have lower emissions.
GOVERNING CITIES – THE METROPOLITAN DILEMMA
LONDON NEW YORK MUMBAI
SHANGHAI ISTANBUL SAO PAULO
WHO IS LEADING KEY POLICY SECTORS?
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4
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8
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18
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14
25
25
22
32
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6
2
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4
16
14
8
11
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11
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16
8
2
9
19
25
23
18
26
15
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10
14
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0
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0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Health
Education
Economic development
Environment
Policing and security
Social services
Housing
Urban transport
Utilities
Culture
Spatial planning
below city city metropolitan state national other
Level of influence of different tiers of government