preprint 2011:23 analytical solutions for the pencil- beam

4
PREPRINT 2011:23 Analytical Solutions for the Pencil- beam Equation with Energy Loss and Straggling MOHAMMAD ASADZADEH TOBIAS GEBÄCK Department of Mathematical Sciences Division of Mathematics CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG Gothenburg Sweden 2011

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PREPRINT 2011:23

Analytical Solutions for the Pencil-beam Equation with Energy Loss and Straggling

MOHAMMAD ASADZADEH TOBIAS GEBÄCK Department of Mathematical Sciences Division of Mathematics

CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG Gothenburg Sweden 2011

Preprint 2011:23

Analytical Solutions for the Pencil-beam Equation with Energy Loss and Straggling

Mohammad Asadzadeh and Tobias Gebäck

Department of Mathematical Sciences Division of Mathematics

Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden Gothenburg, October 2011

Preprint 2011:23

ISSN 1652-9715

Matematiska vetenskaper

Göteborg 2011

ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS FOR THE PENCIL-BEAM EQUATION 9

z (cm)

E (

MeV

)

FEM

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

z (cm)

E (

MeV

)

Explicit (NESA)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

Figure 2. Level curves for the numerical solution to equation (2.30) (top),and the analytical solution (2.36) under the narrow energy spectrum approx-imation (NESA) (bottom). The initial energy was E0 = 50 MeV. The cross-sections for electrons in water were used. The dashed thick lines are the curvesE = Ea(z), and the solid thick lines are the average energies for the respectivesolutions.

References

[1] Asadzadeh M., Brahme A., Kempe J. Ion transport in inhomogeneous media based onthe bipartition model for primary ions Computers & Mathematics With Applications

10 M. ASADZADEH AND T. GEBACK

60(8):2445–2459 (2010).[2] Borgers C., Larsen E.W. Asymptotic derivation of the fermi pencil-beam approximation

Nucl. Sci. Eng. 123:343–357 (1996).[3] Brahme A. Simple relations for the penetration of high energy electrons in matter report

SSI 1975-011 National Institute of Radiation Protection, Stockholm (1975).[4] Carlsson A.K., Andreo P., Brahme A. Monte carlo and analytical calculation of proton

pencil beams for computerized treatment plan optimization Physics In Medicine andBiology 42(6):1033–1053 (1997).

[5] Eriksson K., Estep D., Hansbo P., Johnson C. Computational Differential EquationsStudentlitteratur, Lund (1996).

[6] Eyges L. Multiple scattering with energy loss Phys. Rev. 74:1534–1535 (1948).[7] Hogstrom K.R., Mills M.D., Almond P.R. Electron-beam dose calculations Physics In

Medicine and Biology 26(3):445–459 (1981).[8] ICRU Radiation dosimetry: Electron beams with energies between 1 and 50 mev ICRU

Report 35 Bethesda MD (1984).[9] Kempe J., Brahme A. Solution of the Boltzmann equation for primary light ions and

the transport of their fragments Physical Review Special Topics-accelerators and Beams13(10):104702 (2010).

[10] Rossi B., Greisen K. Reviews of Modern Physics vol. 13 chap. Cosmic-ray theory, pp.241–315 (1941).

[11] Zhengming L., Brahme A. High-energy electron transport Phys. Rev. B 46(24):15739–15751 (1992).

[12] Zhengming L., Brahme A. An overview of the transport theory of charged particlesRadiat. Phys. Chem. 41(4):673–703 (1993).

E-mail address: [email protected]

E-mail address: [email protected]

† Department of Mathematics, Chalmers University of Technology and Goteborg University,

SE–412 96, Goteborg, Sweden

‡ Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden