preface from guest editors

ISSN 1023-1935, Russian Journal of Electrochemistry, 2006, Vol. 42, No. 5, p. 419. © MAIK “Nauka /Interperiodica” (Russia), 2006. Original Russian Text © B.M. Grafov, A.D. Davydov, 2006, published in Elektrokhimiya, 2006, Vol. 42, No. 5, p. 475. 419 This Issue of the Journal is dedicated to the problem of instabilities in electrochemical systems, which manifest themselves as the current or voltage oscillations, spontaneous changes in the systems' state, or transitions between the system's states at the onset of special con- ditions. These oscillations and transitions are caused by peculiarities of different nature. They are often conju- gated with processes of formation or distortion of the metals' passive state. Well known are the convective instabilities in electrochemical systems, for example, transitions between different states caused by natural convection due to concentration gradients in the near- electrode solution layer. Noteworthy is that even equilibrium electrochemical cells have stochastic properties that manifest themselves as low noise (e.g. small-amplitude potential oscillations). In these systems, the problem of pair correlations of the equilibrium electrical noise is entirely solved on the base of the Nyquist fluctuation-dissipa- tion theorem; however, the theory of higher-order equilibrium correlations is far from its completion. We note in this connection that modern quantum theory of ele- mentary act of slow discharge is lacking its “noise” completion. The application of a potential or a current, as well as the presence of Faradaic processes intensifies electrochemical noise significantly and changes its nature. During the last decade much attention was paid to methods of the noise recording and analyzing. In this area, the corrosion of metals came to forefront. In the studies on power sources or corrosion of metals, analy- sis of electrochemical noise and other types of instabilities is used for diagnosing the systems' state; in some electrochemical-polishing modes, regimes with spe- cific current or voltage oscillations are used for per- forming electrochemical processes. Examples of great diversity in manifestations and use of stochastic properties of electrochemical systems and of different types of instabilities therein are given in this Issue. The list by no means exhausts this important fundamental and applied area of research, though. We believe that methods of measurement and anal- ysis of signals of electrochemical instabilities and noise show much promise in diagnosing systems of different nature and monitoring the state of machinery, as do oscillatory modes, in control of processes. We hope that this Issue will encourage further devel- opment of high-performance electrochemical informa- tion technologies. We are thankful to all the colleagues who accepted our invitation and submitted papers to a special issue of the journal. The review by V.M. Volgin and A.D. Davy- dov “Natural-Convective Instability of Electrochemical Systems” is to appear in the next issue. B.M. Grafov A.D. Davydov PREFACE FROM GUEST EDITORS DOI: 10.1134/S1023193506050016

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419

This Issue of the Journal is dedicated to the problemof instabilities in electrochemical systems, which man-ifest themselves as the current or voltage oscillations,spontaneous changes in the systems' state, or transitionsbetween the system's states at the onset of special con-ditions. These oscillations and transitions are caused bypeculiarities of different nature. They are often conju-gated with processes of formation or distortion of themetals' passive state. Well known are the convectiveinstabilities in electrochemical systems, for example,transitions between different states caused by naturalconvection due to concentration gradients in the near-electrode solution layer.

Noteworthy is that even equilibrium electrochemi-cal cells have stochastic properties that manifest them-selves as low noise (e.g. small-amplitude potentialoscillations). In these systems, the problem of pair cor-relations of the equilibrium electrical noise is entirelysolved on the base of the Nyquist fluctuation-dissipa-tion theorem; however, the theory of higher-order equi-librium correlations is far from its completion. We notein this connection that modern quantum theory of ele-mentary act of slow discharge is lacking its “noise”completion.

The application of a potential or a current, as well asthe presence of Faradaic processes intensifies electro-chemical noise significantly and changes its nature.

During the last decade much attention was paid tomethods of the noise recording and analyzing. In this

area, the corrosion of metals came to forefront. In thestudies on power sources or corrosion of metals, analy-sis of electrochemical noise and other types of instabil-ities is used for diagnosing the systems' state; in someelectrochemical-polishing modes, regimes with spe-cific current or voltage oscillations are used for per-forming electrochemical processes.

Examples of great diversity in manifestations anduse of stochastic properties of electrochemical systemsand of different types of instabilities therein are givenin this Issue. The list by no means exhausts this impor-tant fundamental and applied area of research, though.

We believe that methods of measurement and anal-ysis of signals of electrochemical instabilities and noiseshow much promise in diagnosing systems of differentnature and monitoring the state of machinery, as dooscillatory modes, in control of processes.

We hope that this Issue will encourage further devel-opment of high-performance electrochemical informa-tion technologies.

We are thankful to all the colleagues who acceptedour invitation and submitted papers to a special issue ofthe journal. The review by V.M. Volgin and A.D. Davy-dov “Natural-Convective Instability of ElectrochemicalSystems” is to appear in the next issue.

B.M. GrafovA.D. Davydov

PREFACE FROM GUEST EDITORS

DOI:

10.1134/S1023193506050016

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