practice midterm animal phys

BIOL 3810 Animal Physiology LaboratorySection 502 Midterm Exam

Fall 2014

1. The four steps of the scientific method are: Observation, Hypothesis formation, Prediction and:

a. Experimentationb. Temporizationc. Theorizationd. Speculatione. Reporting

2. Which of the following assumptions must hold if we are to make a testable, scientific prediction?

a. correlation must always imply causationb. causes must precede effectsc. a prediction must always be expressed mathematicallyd. sources of variation leading to a particular phenomenon cannot be tested independent of each othere. every phenomenon must have an infinite number of discoverable causes

3. The sum of a range of values divided by the number of values in that range is called the:a. accuracyb. arithmetic meanc. mediand. datae. precision

4. If one particular instance of a measurement is no more likely to be chosen than any other instance, then the sample is:

a. randomb. normalc. significantd. independente. continuous

5. In a student’s t-test, which quantity must be greater than the tabulated value of t at a given level of probability before we could reject the null hypothesis?

a. the standard deviationb. the found value of tc. the degrees of freedomd. alphae. the variance

6. One method of eliminating systematic bias that cannot be eliminated by randomization is:a. assuming we have no measurement errorb. making sure that we obtain the results we expectc. making up the datad. control of variablese. collecting pairs of data points

7. 64,000 written in Scientific Notation would be:a. 6.4 x 104

b. 6.4 x 10-6

c. 6.4 x 10-5

d. 6.4 x 10-4

e. 6.4 x 105

8. 32,000 written in Scientific Notation would be:a. 3.2 x 105

b. 3.2 x 10-4

c. 3.2 x 104

d. 3.2 x 103

e. 3.2 x 106

9. 4.3 x 101 written in standard notation would be:a. 43b. 430c. 0.043d. 0.43e. 4,300

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10. 2.3895 x 102 written in standard notation would be:a. 238.95b. 4.779c. 0.023895d. 23,895e. 0.0023895

11. An athlete drank 1 ¾ liters of water after running a race. How many milliliters did he drink?a. 1750b. 17.5c. 1500d. 1340e. 175

12. At the Burger King each patty contains 100grams of ground beef. If on one busy day 467 burgers were sold, how many kilograms of ground beef were used?

a. 4.67kgb. 46700kgc. 0.00467kgd. 46.7kge. 4670kg

13. What section of your lab report should contain your data in the form of graphs and tables?a. Resultsb. Conclusionc. Materials and Methodsd. Introductione. Discussion

14. Osmotic shrinkage in mammalian red blood cells is called:a. crenationb. cyclosisc. deplasmolysisd. cell lysise. plasmolysis

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15. Cells from the Elodea leaves placed in a hypotonic solution will:a. dissolveb. remain the samec. shrinkd. explodee. swell

16. What is the osmolarity (in milliosmoles) of a 1 M NaCl solution?a. 2000 milliosmolesb. 1000 milliosmolesc. 2500 milliosmolesd. 1 milliosmolee. 2 milliosmoles

17. Placing red blood cells in a 0.06 M solution of NaCl causes the red blood cells to:a. undergo mitosisb. crenatec. shrinkd. do nothinge. hemolyse

18. Which of the following molecules does not penetrate an Elodea membrane?a. Ethanolb. Waterc. Glycerold. Ethylene Glycole. Mannitol

19. Which is NOT a factor that affects passive diffusion across cell membranes?a. Membrane type, thickness and sizeb. Concentration gradientc. amount of ATP availabled. Temperaturee. Size and polarity of the molecules

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20. If you spin 5ml of blood by Spun Hematocrit method, and the packed red cell volume is 1ml then the VPRC would be

a. 20%b. 40%c. 25%d. 50%e. Cannot be determined with the above data

21. In our hematocrit experiment, the packed red cell volume was the:a. independent variableb. subjectc. dependent variabled. treatmente. block

22. If we perform an ANOVA and determine that the variance between our treatment groups is significantly larger than the variance within our treatment groups, then we can state that:

a. the treatments, the blocks, and the interaction between the two all had significant effects (y = µ + t + b + i + e)b. the treatments and the blocks both had a significant effect (y = µ + t + b + e)c. the sample mean is the same as the population mean (y = µ)d. the null hypothesis (y = µ + e) can be acceptede. the treatment hypothesis (y = µ + t + e) can be accepted

23. Which of the following is the proper way of listing the sample mean and standard deviation in a table cell?

a. 2.4 by 0.4b. 2.4 ± 0.4c. 2.4***d. 2.4 X 0.4e. 2.4

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24. Which type of graph should you use if the independent variable falls into discrete categories that are not necessarily evenly distributed?

a. scatter graphb. column graphc. bubble graphd. line graphe. pie graph

25. In a two dimensional graph, the x-axis represents the:a. independent variableb. logarithmic variablec. continuous variabled. discrete variablee. dependent variable

26. The unit of measurement of frequency which is equal to one cycle per second is:a. gainb. currentc. resistanced. hertze. voltage

27. If we place a potential of 10 mV across a wire, and we measure the current flowing through the wire to be 10 mAmps, the resistance of the wire would be:

a. 1 Ampb. 10 mohmsc. 1 ohmd. 10 osme. 100 Hz

28. All of the following can reduce 60 Hz noise except:a. grounding the circuitb. placing the biological preparation inside a grounded Faraday cagec. using shorter cablesd. setting a shorter time base on the oscilloscopee. using shielded coaxial cables

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29. The period of a 20 Hz AC current is:a. 0.05 hertzb. 0.05 cycles/secondc. 0.05 metersd. 0.05 amperese. 0.05 seconds

30. Electrical current in an electrical device such as a lamp is carried by:a. proteinsb. ionsc. electronsd. lipidse. water

31. The horizontal axis on an oscilloscope screen corresponds to:a. Currentb. Powerc. Amperaged. Timee. Voltage

32. The horizontal axis (x-axis) of the oscilloscope display represents ________, and the vertical axis (Y-axis) represents ________, respectively.

a. frequency, timeb. noise, frequencyc. intensity, voltaged. None of the Abovee. voltage, time

33. The initial depolarization of the resting membrane potential of a neuron occurs due to:a. outflow of K+ ionsb. influx of K+ ionsc. influx of Na+ ionsd. outflow of Na+ ionse. influx of Cl- ions

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34. The state of the neuronal membrane before the initiation of an action potential is called:a. absolute refractory periodb. relative refractory periodc. resting membrane potentiald. chronaxiee. rheobase

35. Which of the following types of nerve fibers have the fastest conduction velocity?a. Type Bb. Type Cc. Type Od. Type ABe. Type A

36. During the CAP lab dissection, the nerve should be handled with:a. bare fingersb. metal forcepsc. metal scissorsd. hemostatse. plastic forceps

37. You stimulate a nerve with a given stimulus amplitude. The oscilloscope trace is deflected to a particular amplitude. As you increase the stimulus intensity, the deflection continues to increase linearly with the stimulus intensity without limit. This deflection represents the:

a. compound action potential of the fastest fibersb. 60 Hz noisec. compound action potential of the pain fibersd. stimulus artifacte. compound action potential of the whole nerve

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38. In the CAP lab, the distance between the black negative leads of the two sets of recording electrodes is 50mm. The time between the stimulus and the CAP recorded by the first electrode is 1 ms. The time between the stimulus and the CAP recorded by the second electrode is 3.5 ms. The average conduction velocity is:

a. 0.4 m/sb. 50 m/sc. 20 m/sd. 10 m/se. 4 m/s

39. The outermost layer of the wall of the eyeball is the:a. vitreous bodyb. chorioid coatc. retinad. anterior chambere. scleroid coat

40. The colored region of the eye that is visible through the cornea is called:a. foveab. optic diskc. irisd. lense. pupil

41. The retinal cells that connect the photoreceptor cells to the cells that give rise to the optic nerve are the:

a. bipolar cellsb. rod cellsc. cone cellsd. thalamic cellse. ganglion cells

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42. The structure that receives direct input from the optic tract and which gives rise to motor fibers controlling the head and neck for the visual tracking reflex is called the:

a. optic chiasmb. thalamusc. accessory oculomotor nucleusd. ciliary bodye. superior colliculus

43. You focus on an object 6m from your eyes, and then quickly shift your focus to an object 60 cm away. Which of the following would you expect someone who is observing your eyes to see?

a. the pupils of your eyes should contractb. the pupils of your eyes should remain unchangedc. the pupil of your eye that is closest to the near object should contract, while the other should dilated. the pupil of your eye that is closest to the near object should dilate, while the other should contracte. the pupils of your eyes should dilate

44. The blind spot results from:a. the shadow cast by the nose on the medial surface of the retinab. the shadow cast by the ciliary body on the retinal surfacec. the higher concentration of cone cells at the fovea centralisd. the occlusion of the photoreceptor cells by axons of the ganglion cells traversing the surface of the retinae. the absence of photoreceptor cells at the point where the optic nerve exits the eyeball

45. An abnormal condition that results in nearsightedness results from an eye that is:a. presbyopicb. myopicc. emmetropicd. astigmatice. hyperopic

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46. What is the appropriate tool that would be used to determine any problems associated with reductions in the size of the visual field?

a. perimetry apparatusb. Ichikawa test booksc. Snellen chartd. eyescopee. near point rule and scale

47. The transfer of physiological data to a recording device without a direct electrical connection between the subject and the recorder is called:

a. calibrationb. transductionc. telemetryd. amplificatione. myography

48. When constructing a calibration curve for the frog muscle lab, the independent variable was the:

a. slopeb. calculated weightc. calculated voltaged. known weighte. recorded voltage

49. In order to convert mass into force for our calibration curve, we needed to multiply mass by what quantity?

a. newtonsb. voltagec. gramsd. weighte. acceleration due to gravity

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50. Using a standard visual acuity test chart, you determine that you have 20/200 vision. This means that:

a. you can distinguish the letters in all of the rows below the 20/200 rowb. you can only distinguish the letters in the 20/100 row, but not in any other rowc. you can distinguish the letters at 200 feet that a normal person can only distinguish at 20 feetd. you have better than normal visual acuitye. you can only distinguish the letters at 20 feet that a normal person could distinguish at 200 feet

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practice midterm animal phys

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