pp2165 xp95 module 3

PP2165/2009/Issue 3

Module 3.1

Analogue Addressable Devices

36 Brookside Road, Havant, Hampshire, PO9 1JR Tel: +44 (0)23 9249 2412 Fax: +44 (0)23 9249 2754

Website: www.apollo-fire.co.uk Email: [email protected]

Training Module 3.1PP2165/2009/Issue 4

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© Apollo Fire Detectors Limited 2004-2009


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MODULE 3.1

XP95The XP95 range of products to operate on analogue addressable fire alarm systems incorporating the Apollo communications protocol. The range includes ionisation smoke detectors, optical smoke detectors, heat detectors, manual call points and other peripheral devices.

Smoke and Heat DetectorsXP95 Smoke detectors use the same detection chambers as their Series 65 counterparts but the measure of the properties they detect are reported to the control panel as an analogue value. They are addressed using an XPERT card (discussed in Module 3). The bases are connected to the two-core loop wiring via two terminals, L1 and L2. The incoming and outgoing connections are on the same terminals and therefore removing a detector will not create an open-circuit on the loop. Smoke and heat detectors have an alarm LED, remote output terminals and an electronic self-test (all operated via control panel software).

Heat detectors incorporate a single thermistor bead for temperature sensing. There is no rate-of-rise element in the heat detectors as this can be accommodated within the control equipment. The standard heat detector has an alarm temperature of 55°C and the high temperature version has an alarm temperature of 90°C (analogue value 55).

Manual Call PointsThe XP95 manual call point is designed to report an alarm analogue value of 64 on breaking the glass. It also has to be able to report an alarm condition instantaneously regardless of which loop device the panel is communicating with. It does this by means of a special mechanism known as the ‘priority interrupt’. Using this interrupt facility, the manual call point can send alarm pulses at any point in the loop communication.

Manual call points are available in various formats including a standard red FIRE version and a red waterproof version. In areas where accidental damage could occur they can be fitted with a protective flap. All versions are addressed by means of a 7-bit DIL-switch.

IsolatorThe isolator is not an addressable device. It is designed specifically to isolate sections of the loop wiring in the event of a short-circuit fault. If isolators were not fitted, then a single short-circuit could disable an entire loop of devices. The BS5839 requirement is that a single short-circuit fault should not disable more than one zone of detection. An analogue addressable loop may cover many zones. Under these circumstances an isolator should be fitted at every zone boundary. It is recommended that an isolator should be placed every 20 detectors or the equivalent load (Approximately 20mA).

The isolator is a voltage-sensing device. In the event that the voltage on either side of the isolator falls below 14 volts, the isolator trips into isolation.

From the non-isolating side of the isolator, the panel sees the isolator as an approximate 2.8KΩ resistor across the loop. The isolator pulses the short-circuit side every five seconds with a 50mA pulse. As soon as the isolator sees a low load on one of the pulses, it restores power to the loop.

The isolator is available either as a stand-alone isolator with its own base or as an isolating base, which is fitted to the ceiling with a detector mounted to it. This device can save on wiring.

Isolators are now included in the latest manual call points so a zone could be finished with a call point. They are also fitted in our range of interfaces and most loop sounders.

ContentsXP95 3

Smoke and Heat Detectors 3

Manual Call Points 3

Isolator 3

Interfaces 4

Switch Monitor 5

Mini Switch Monitor (Interrupt) 6

Mini Switch Monitor 7

Switch Monitor Plus 9

Zone Monitor 9

Input/Output Unit 11

Output Unit 11

Sounder Control Unit 12

Mains Switching Input/Output Unit 13

3-Channel I/O Unit 14

Beam Detectors 16

Loop-Powered Beam Detector 16

Intelligent Reflective Beam Detector 17

Flame Detector 20

Base Mounted Flame Detectors 21

Intelligent Base Mounted Triple IR Flame Detector 21

Intelligent Base Mounted UV Flame Detector 22

Intelligent Base Mounted UV/IR² Flame Detector 22


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InterfacesApollo manufacture a range of interfaces designed to enable connection of various inputs and outputs to the analogue addressable loop. These inputs and outputs will all be associated with the fire alarm systems i.e. they could be conventional detection devices such as beam detectors, flame detectors, heat cables or High Sensitivity Smoke Detectors (HSSDs). On the output side they could be sounder circuits, extinguishing systems, plant shutdowns, fire doors or sending alarm signals to other forms of control equipment.

The interfaces come in three distinct housings, depending on type:

The standard interfaces are designed to be surface or flush-mounted to walls and consist of three parts: a backbox, a PCB and a protective cover. The PCB has an electronic circuit on one side and terminal blocks on the other.

The DIN-Rail versions clip to standard 35mm DIN-rails (DIN 46277) or are screwed to the base of a larger enclosure. These enable fire systems designers to determine the functions required and create multi-purpose interfaces for individual sites.

The switch monitor is available in two miniature versions: Mini Switch Monitor and Mini Switch Monitor (Interrupt). This ‘mini’ format means they can be incorporated into other equipment. The housing is 76 x 47 x 15mm and electrical connections are made via six flying leads.

Figure 1: Interface Enclosures (Standard, DIN-Rail and Mini)

Switch MonitorThe Switch Monitor and Mini Switch Monitor are designed to monitor devices with any combination of Fault, Fire and Pre-Alarm volt-free contacts. The devices themselves are functionally identical but are available in a standard and ‘mini’ version.

The devices report the status of the contacts by means of pre-set analogue value as follows:

Fault 4

Quiescent 16

Pre-Alarm 45-51

Alarm 64

The monitoring circuit is wired as follows:

The ‘fault’ contact should always be wired after the ‘fire’ and ‘pre-alarm’ contacts in the circuit so that an open fault contact will not disable the ‘fire’ contacts (‘fire’ should always override ‘fault’).

L1 (–ve)*

L2 (+ve)*

SW–SW+

20kΩ ±10% 1/3W

NORMALLYCLOSEDFAULT CONTACT

1kΩ 10kΩ

FIRE CONTACT

PRE-ALARMCONTACT

SWITCH MONITOR

XP95LOOP

XP95LOOP

Figure 3: Switch Monitor

* L1 & L2 are polarity insensitive, but, for the sake of consistency, it is recommended that L1 be kept negative

The status of the input circuit is indicated by two LEDs; red for ‘fire’ and yellow for ‘fault’. The ‘fire’ LED can only be lit on receipt of the command from the control panel, it does not illuminate automatically on closing the monitored ‘fire’ contact.

Typical applications are as an interface for conventional beam detectors, flame detectors and sprinkler flow switches. The ‘pre-alarm’ facility allows monitoring of high sensitivity smoke detection apparatus or any device where an alert signal is required as well as a full alarm.

The latest Mini Switch Monitor features as enclosure that can be fitted onto a DIN-Rail with a twist-click motion or mounted in a larger enclosure. It can also be mounted inside devices such as Manual Call Points.

Figure 2: New Mini Switch Monitor


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Mini Switch Monitor (Interrupt)The Mini Switch Monitor (Interrupt) is only available in the ‘mini’ version and is designed to monitor equipment where a fast response is required. This is achieved by using the Apollo manual call point priority interrupt facility. The unit can monitor Fault and Fire contacts in exactly the same way as the standard Switch Monitors but does not have a Pre-Alarm facility.


Fault 4

Quiescent 16

Alarm 64


The status of the input circuit is indicate by two LEDs: red for ‘fire’ and yellow for ‘fault’. The Fire LED can only be lit on receipt of the command from the control panel, it does not illuminate automatically on closing the monitored Fire contact.

This device can be used to interface a conventional manual call point to an XP95 system.

Mini Switch MonitorThe Mini Switch Monitor, part number 55000-760, monitors the state of one or more single-pole volt-free contacts and may be used in installations where space is limited. The unit also has a short-circuit isolator as standard.

The device reports the status of the contacts by means of pre-set analogue values as follows:

Fault 4

Quiescent 16

Pre-Alarm 45-51

Alarm 64


The fault contact should always be wired after the ‘fire’ and ‘pre-alarm’ contacts in the circuit so that an open ‘fault’ contact will not disable the ‘fire’ contacts (’fire’ should always override ‘fault’)

Figure 4: Mini Switch Monitor (Interrupt)

RED BLACK

YELLOW GREEN VIOLET WHITE

LINE 1* LINE 2*

XP95 LOOP REMOTE LED

FAULT CONTACT

20kΩ ± 10% W

FIRE CONTACT

470Ω

* L1 and L2 are polarity insensitive, but for the sake of consistency, it is recommended that L1 be kept negative

MINI SWITCH MONITOR (INTERRUPT)

1 / 3

RED LINE 2*BLACK LINE 1*YELLOW

GREEN

VIOLET +WHITE –

20kΩ± 10% 1/3 W

FIRECONTACT

FAULT CONTACT

1kΩ 10kΩ

PRE-ALARMCONTACT

REMOTE LED

* L1 and L2 are polarity insensitive, but, for the sake of consistency, it is recommended that L1 be kept negative

Figure 5: Mini Switch Monitor

32

1

45

6

L+ In/Out

L- In

L- Out

Alarm LED

+R

SW2

SW1

R1

R2

R3

D1

© Apollo Fire Detectors Limited 2007-2008/TP

Key

R1 Alarm 1KΩR2 Pre-Alarm 10KΩR3 End of Line 20KΩD1 Optional Remote LED Part no 53832-070

Figure 6: New Mini Switch Monitor Wiring diagram


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Switch Monitor PlusThe Switch Monitor Plus is an enhanced version of the Switch Monitor with additional features. The unit has a 30 second delay set by the eighth bit of the DIL-switch. This means that the device is suitable for monitoring flow switches which, by their very nature, have a tendency to “chatter” and have the potential for false alarms. The device also has an opto output which provides a means to reset a monitored detector.


Fault 4

Quiescent 16

Pre-Alarm 45-51

Alarm 64

The monitoring circuit as wired as follows:

Figure 9: Switch Monitor Plus

L1 (–ve)*

L2 (+ve)*

OPTO –OPTO +

SW–SW+

20kΩ ±10% 1/3W

NORMALLYCLOSEDFAULT CONTACT

1kΩ 10kΩ

ALARM PRE-ALARM

R1 = 10kΩ1/4WD1 = IN4007TR1 = BC337RLY1 = 24V DC coil,

350Ω or greater

RLY1

R1

D1

TR1

+24V

0V

OPTO –

OPTO +

SWITCH MONITOR PLUS

XP95 LOOP

XP95LOOP

XP95LOOP

The status of the input circuit is indicated by two LEDs: red for ‘fire’ and yellow for ‘fault’. The Fire LED can only be lit on receipt of the command from the control panel, it does not illuminate automatically on closing the Fire contact.

Zone MonitorThe Zone Monitor is designed to monitor a zone of conventional detectors or manual call points. The detection circuit is fully monitored for short and open-circuit faults in the wiring and can incorporate ‘Active End-of-Line monitoring’ which enables detectors to be removed from their bases without disabling the remainder of the devices beyond it in the circuit. The unit is compatible with conventional intrinsically safe detectors when operated with a suitable galvanic isolator barrier. Because a barrier puts an additional 300Ω line impedance in the monitoring circuit, the sense windows of the zone monitor need to be altered accordingly. This is achieved by cutting a wire link on the PCB which accesses the IS operation of the unit.

The devices report the status of the contacts by means of the following pre-set analogue values:

Fault (o/c or s/c) 4

Quiescent 16

Alarm 64

The status of the input circuit is indicated by three LEDs

Red - indicates alarm condition (can only be operated on receipt os a command from the control panel.)

Green - indicates polling (flashes when the device is being communicated with)

Yellow - constant indicates short circuit on the loop wiring

- pulsing indicates a fault on the monitored circuit

The device is addressed using the first seven bits on an eight bit DIL switch. The eighth bit is used for setting the response type of the unit. Set to ‘1’ for fast response (MCP) and set to ‘0’ for normal (switch monitor).

12

3

45

6

Releasing Clip

© Apollo Fire Detectors Limited 2007-2008/TPFigure 7: Mini Switch Monitor on a DIN rail

© Apollo Fire Detectors Limited 2006-8/DJO/TP

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8ON

0 1 0 1 11 1 0

Address 78 =

Example:

ON = 0

Fast

R

espo

nse

Figure 8: Mini Switch Monitor DIL switch

Typical application include are as an interface for conventional beam detectors, flame detectors and sprinkler flow switches. The pre-alarm facility allows monitoring of aspirating systems or any device where an alert signal is required as well as full alarm.

Using the ‘fast response’ setting allows the device to monitor conventional, non-standard call point onto the addressable loop using the priority interrupt.


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Figure 10: Zone Monitor

L1 (–ve)*

L2 (+ve)*

Zone OP –ve

Zone OP +ve

XP95LOOP

XP95LOOP

ZONE MONITOR

* L1 and L2 are polarity insensitive but,for the sake of consistency, it is recommended that L1 be kept negative

The monitoring detector circuit is as follows:

The Zone Monitor is often used when an addressable system is installed on a site that already has a conventional system fitted. Instead of removing all the old detectors, they can be connected to the new system using the zone monitor.

Zone Monitorterminals

MCPSeries 60 detectorsin standard bases

6.2KΩEOL

OP –ve

OP +ve

Zone Monitorterminals

OP –ve

OP +ve

Capacitor

Series 60 detectorsin (Schottky) diode bases

Actice EOLdevice

MCP

Figure 11: Zone Monitor Outputs

Input/Output UnitThe Input/Output Unit provides a loop-powered changeover relay capable of switching up to 1 amp at 30 volts AC or DC. The relay provides both a normally open and a normally closed pair which may be utilised by the installer to operate fire alarm related apparatus and functions, such as fire doors, extinguishing systems and shutting down machinery. The unit has two inputs, one is a fully monitored input, capable of monitoring fault and fire contacts; the second is a logic input, which could be utilised to monitor a local supply.

This unit is also commonly used to interface conventional control panels onto an analogue addressable system.


Fault 4

Quiescent 16

Switch Closed Input bit 0 set to a ‘1’

Opto input high Input bit 1 set to a ‘1’

The status of the opto input is indicated by input bit ‘1’. If the input is low (<1 volt) then input bit 1 is set to a ‘0’. If the input is high (>4 volts) then input bit 1 is set to a ‘1’.

The wiring detail is as follows:

The relay is operated by changing output command bit 0 from 0 to 1.

Figure 12: Input/Output Unit

L1 (–ve)*

L2 (+ve)*

XP95LOOP

XP95LOOP

INPUT/OUTPUT UNIT * L1 and L2 are polarity insensitive but,for the sake of consistency, it is recommended that L1 be kept negative

RELAYOUTPUT

N/CCOMN/O

OPTIONAL MONITORING OFAN EXTERNAL VOLTAGE

<1v = logic 0 >4v = logic 1DO NOT EXCEED 35V

NOT POLARITY SENSITIVE

20kΩ± 10%, W1/3

NORMALLY CLOSEDFAULT CONTACT

4.7kΩ N/OINPUT CONTACT

OP

TOO

PTO

I/P +

I/P –

Output UnitA loop-powered addressable relay capable of switching up to 1 amp at 30V AC or DC is available.


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Sounder Control UnitThe Sounder Control Unit is designed to power and control a circuit of conventional sounders with a maximum alarm load of 1 amp (the DIN-Rail version will accept an alarm load of 5 amps).

The device will report a fault to the control panel in the event of a short-circuit or open-circuit fault in the sounder circuit and also if there is a fault in the local power supply.

The device reports these conditions by means of the following pre-set analogue values:

Fault 4

Normal 16

The sounders are operated by sending the appropriate output command bits from the control panel:

• Thesoundersareoperatedcontinuouslybysendingoutputcommandbit0.

• Thesoundersareoperatedinpulsedmode(1secondon,1secondoff)bysendingoutputcommand bit 1.

The device has two additional features which can be incorporated by the system:

• Agroupaddressisusedbythesoundercontrolunit.Thismeansthatanumberofunitscanbe operated by a single command to a common group address. The group address is set on a second 4 bit DIL-switch.

• Synchronisationofthepulsedoutputsonthesoundercontrolunitsisachievedbypollingaddress 0 just prior to energising the sounders. The sounders may need re-synchronising if they are operated for a significant length of time (over 1 hour).

Figure 13: Sounder Control Unit

L1 (–ve)*

L2 (+ve)*

XP95LOOP

SOUNDER CONTROL UNIT

* L1 and L2 are polarity insensitive but,for the sake of consistency, it is recommended that L1 be kept negative

N/C

COM

N/O

SO

UN

DE

R +

SO

UN

DE

R –

FUSEVex

–

Vex

+

LOCAL POWERSUPPLY

10kΩEOL

FAULTINPUT

SOUNDERS WITH

POLARISINGDIODES

NORMALLYCLOSEDFAULT

CONTACT

FAULT INPUTNOT USED

(WIRE LINK MUST BE FITTED)

NORMALLY OPENFAULT CONTACT

Mains Switching Input/Output UnitThe Mains Switching Input/Output Unit provides a loop-powered changeover relay capable of switching up to 5 amp at 250 volts AC or 2 amp at 48 volts DC. The relay provides both a normally open and a normally closed pair which may be utilised by the installer. The unit has two inputs, one of which is a fully monitored input capable of monitoring fault and fire contacts, the second is a logic input which could be utilised to monitor a local supply.


Fault 4

Normal 16

Switch Closed Input bit 0 set to a “1”

The wiring detail is as follows:

Figure 14: Mains Switching Input/Output Unit

N/O COMN/C

I/P +

I/P –

I/P +I/P –

+L+L–L–L

XP95 LOOP

+ –

+ –

Live mains conductors

470Ω∗

N/O INPUTCONTACT

20KΩEOL

∗The resistor value may be anywhere within the range 200Ω to 11kΩ

The relay is operated by changing output command bit 0 from 0 to 1.

A DIN-Rail version of this device will be available over the coming months.


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3-Channel I/O UnitThis device has three volt-free, single pole, changeover relay outputs rated at 1A at 30 volts and three monitored switch inputs all at one address. There are versions of this device available with built-in bi-directional short-circuit isolator. It can be obtained as a PCB only or in a 250 x 175 x 75mm plastic enclosure. This device would be used where multiple inputs and outputs are required i.e. at building lift control.

CHANNEL 3 RELAY 3

CHANNEL 2 RELAY 2

CHANNEL 1 RELAY 1

1 2

1 2 3

1 2 3

3

CHANNEL 3

CHANNEL 2

CHANNEL 1

4

N/O

COM

N/C

N/O

COM

N/C

N/O

COM

N/C

XP95 LOOP ADDRESS SWITCH

–L1OUT

–L1IN

+L2

+L2

LEDs 1. SWITCH CLOSED 2. FAULT 3. RELAY ON 4. ISOLATOR

IP3+

IP3–

IP2+

IP2–

IP1+

IP1–

N/C FAULT CONTACT

EOL 20kΩ

4.7kΩ

N/O ALARM CONTACT

Figure 15: 3-Channel Input/Output Unit

Start

OutputRequired?

Fast ResponseRequired?

Delay InputRequired?

Limited Space

UseSwitchMonitor

UseMini-Switch

Monitor

UseSwitch

Monitor Plus

UseMini-Switch

Monitorwith Interrupt

Input alsoRequired?

UseOutput

Unit

UseInput/Output

Unit

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

No

Interface Selection Chart

The Zone Monitor Unit and Sounder Control Unit are interfaces whichhave a dedicated function and do not appear on the above chart.


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Beam DetectorsApollo beam detectors have been designed to protect large open spaces such as atria, museums, churches, warehouses and factories or anywhere ceiling heights exceed 10m up to 25m (life protection) 40m (property)

Loop-Powered Beam DetectorThe Loop-powered Beam Detector is made up of three main parts: the transmitter, which projects a beam of infra-red light; the receiver, which registers the light and produces an electrical signal and the interface, which processes the signal and generates alarm or fault signals.

Figure 16: Loop-Powered Beam Detector

receiver

light cone

transmitter

Side view of transmitter and receiver End view of receiver

The beam detector has been developed from designs that have been well proven in countless fire protection systems. A major advance, however, is that the beam detector is loop-powered and needs no separate 24V supply.

The beam detector operates as a conventional detector, in that it changes to the alarm state at a pre-set level of smoke obscuration, but is able to communicate with the control panel and return information when interrogated.

The Loop-Powered Beam Detector is set on commissioning to one of four levels of obscuration, determined with reference to the environment in which it is installed. The levels are 25%, 35%, 50% and 65% where 25% is the most sensitive and 65% the least sensitive level.

A DIL-switch on the interface is used to set the obscuration level.

Up to 100m can be converted using this beam from the transmitter to receiver with 7.5m either side, therefore a total coverage of 1500m² can be achieved.

Things to look out for when using beam detectors:

1. Make sure the components of the beam detector are fitted to stable, solid surfaces. 2. Make sure there is a clear 'line of sight' between the TX, RX and any reflectors used. 3. Ensure no direct sunlight falls onto the receiver.

Intelligent Reflective Beam DetectorThe Intelligent Reflective Beam Detector is a compact detector for detecting smoke in large, open areas such as atria, warehouses, theatres and churches. The transmitter and receiver form a single unit mounted to a wall of the building. A reflector, which returns the IR beam from the transmitter to the receiver, is mounted on the opposite wall. In the event of smoke partially obscuring the light, an imbalance between the transmitted and received light will occur. On interrogation by the control panel the detector will then transmit an alarm value.

The intelligent reflective beam detector is supplied in two versions: one for use at distances of 5–50m from detector to reflector and the other for distances of 50–100m.

Figure 17: Intelligent Reflective Beam Detector

5 - 50m

50 - 100m


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The detector is factory set to a beam obscuration of 35% which is the best setting for most factories and warehouses. The setting can be changed to 25% for offices and clean areas such as theatres or to 50% for hostile areas such as mills or foundries.

The detector compensates automatically for gradual contamination of the lenses in order to avoid false alarms.

The detector is non-latching and resets 30 seconds after an alarm event ceases and in 3 seconds after the removal of a fault.

The intelligent reflective beam detector is loop-powered and requires no external power supply. Each beam detector draws approximately 9mA from the analogue addressable loop and, unless proven by calculation, it is recommended that no more than ten beam detectors be powered from each loop.

The reflective beam detector responds to output bits from the protocol as follows:

• Whenoutputbit2issettologic1ontwoormoreconsecutivepollingstheredalarmLEDisilluminated.

• Whenoutputbit1issettologic1ontwoormoreconsecutivepollings,thebeamdetectorcarries out a self-test. If the test is successful, an analogue value of 64 is transmitted to the control panel. If a value less than 54 is transmitted, the self test has failed and the beam detector should be inspected.

• Outputbit0isnotused.

The beam detector returns a pre-set analogue value corresponding to its status. These values are defined below.

Analogue Value Significance

0 Microprocessor fault

1 Sensor fault

2 Prism (reflector) targeting mode

3 Alignment mode

4 General fault warning

5 ‘Signal High’ fault

6 Contamination compensation limit reached

20 Alignment drift negative

25 Detector normal

30 Alignment drift positive

32 Contamination compensation level low (40%)

33 Contamination compensation level medium (60%)

34 Contamination compensation level high (80%)

45–54 Pre–alarm values

64 Alarm

Auto-Aligning Beam Detector with Laser Alignment#

The Auto-Aligning beam detector is a compact detector for detecting smoke in large open areas such as warehouses, theatres, churches and sports centres. It comprises of a ground level Controller, a Detector Head with an operating range of 8m-50m and a single prism. The operating range of each detector head can be increased up to 100m by using an Extension Kit, which comprises three additional prisms. For large areas, up to a maximum of four separate detector heads can operate off of one controller.

A built-in laser provides rapid initial alignment and thereafter the detector head will continuously automatically align and compensate for any building movement. The status of each detector can be monitored through the Controller which is sited at ground level to avoid the need for expensive lifting gear. The detector head operates both as a transmitter and a receiver. A well-defined IR beam is projected to a prism mounted on the opposite wall, which is reflected back to the receiver. In the event of smoke partially obscuring the light an imbalance between the transmitted and received light will occur. On interrogation by the control panel the detector will then transmit an alarm value. To protect distances from 50m to 100m, four prisms are required.

FEATURES

•GroundlevelControlleravoidsexpensiveliftinggear

•Automaticcompensationforbuildingmovement

•Laserassistedalignmentforquickinstallation

•Upto4detectorsperController

•Eachdetectoradjustsfrom8mto100m

•EN54:12approved

The detector is factory set to a beam obscuration of 35% which is the best setting for most factories and warehouses. The setting can be changed to 25% for offices and clean areas such as theatres or to 50% for hostile areas such as mills or foundries.

The detector compensates automatically for gradual contamination of the lenses in order to avoid false alarms.

The detector is non-latching and resets 30 seconds after an alarm event ceases and in 3


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seconds after the removal of a fault.

The Auto-Aligning Beam Detector requires a 14 to 28V DC power supply. It can be interfaced onto the Apollo addressable loop using an Apollo Switch Monitor Unit (55000-843) or Mini Switch Monitor (55000-760).Power to the detector can be supplied using an EN54 approved power supply or directly from the addressable loop - please refer to the Quick Start Guide supplied with the product for details.

A fault is indicated by the amber LED flashing every 10 seconds.

If the drift compensation function has reached its limit the amber LED flashes once every 10 seconds and an error code is displayed on the ground level Controller. The detector will continue to function but maintenance procedures should be carried out at the earliest opportunity.


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The beam detector may return a pre-alarm value before a full alarm condition occurs. The analogue value depends on the smoke density and the set obscuration level.

Analogue value returned

Actual obscuration at set obscuration level of

25% 35% 50%

45 16 23 33

46 16 26 34

47 17 27 35

48 18 28 36

49 19 29 38

50 20 30 40

51 21 31 42

52 22 32 44

53 23 33 46

54 24 34 48

Table 1: Analogue Value and Set Obscuration Level

Input bits 2, 1 and 0 reflect the status of the corresponding output bit.

The type code of the reflective beam detector is 101 01 (bits 210 43).

The amber LED flashing once a second indicates a fault.

If the drift compensation function has reached its limit the amber LED flashes once every 2 seconds. The detector will continue to function but maintenance procedures should be carried out at the earliest opportunity.

The Firebeam

The Firebeam reflective beam detector is a conventional device. Because it draws so little current (3MA), it can be powered directly from the loop. A switch monitor would be required to pick up fire and fault conditions. One of the biggest advantages of the Firebeam is the self-alignment, so when buliding movement occurs the beam re-aligns itself.

Flame DetectorThe Infra-Red (IR) Flame Detector is designed for use where open, flaming fires may be expected. It is sensitive to low-frequency, flickering infra-red radiation emitted by flames during combustion. False alarms due to such factors as flickering sunlight are avoided by a combination of filters and signal processing techniques

The flame detector is loop-powered and needs no external power supply. It is connected to a control panel using either the XP95 or Discovery protocol. A remote LED alarm indicator may be connected to the flame detector.

In quiescent condition i.e. in the absence of a flame, the detector returns an analogue value of 25. When a flame is visible, the detector signals an alarm by increasing the analogue value returned to 55, usually within 1.5 seconds. The analogue value may continue to rise until it reaches a pre-set maximum of 64.

In the alarm state, the flame detector latches for 20 seconds, with the analogue value decreasing to 25 once the flame is no longer detected.

Flame detectors are used when detection is required to be:

• unaffectedbyconventioncurrents,draughtsorwind

• tolerantoffumes,vapours,steam,dustandmist

• responsivetoaflamemorethan25metresaway

• fastreacting

Typical applications examples are:

• agriculture–grainandmaltprocessing,animalfeedmanufacture

• aircrafthangars

• automotiveindustry–spraybooths,partsmanufacture

• chipboardandMDFmanufacture

• metalfabrication

• powerplants

• transformerstations

Figure 18: Flame Detector

Height

Width

Length


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BASE MOUNTED FLAME DETECTORS

FUNCTIONThe Intelligent Base Mounted Flame Detectors are designed to protect areas where open fires may be expected.

DETECTOR TYPES

Three types of flame detector are availiable:

1. UV Flame Detector 55000-022 2. UV/IR2 Flame Detector 55000-023 3. Triple IR Flame Detector 55000-024

FEaTURES

UV

The detector is sensitive to ultraviolet radiation emitted by flames during combustion. Since it requires only UV radiation the detector responds even to stationary flames with no flicker like cigarette lighters and blue gas flames.

The detector is set to respond to ultraviolet radiation (185−260nm) emitted by almost all flames, including those invisible to the naked eye, e.g. hydrogen fires.

The detector has a single UV sensor with a narrow spectral response in order to discriminate between flames and most spurious sources of radiation and is designed for internal fully enclosed areas.

Caution: The detector will also detect electrical discharges from lightning or arc welding.

UV/Dual IR

The detector is sensitive to ultraviolet and low-frequency, flickering infra-red radiation emitted by flames during combustion. Since it requires both UV and IR radiation the detector can operate in applications where a basic single UV or single IR detector would be inappropriate. The detector

Figure 19: Base Mounted Flame Detector

is set to respond to ultraviolet (185−260nm) and low-frequency flickering infra-red (0.75−2.7µm) radiation at 1−15Hz in order to detect all flickering flames, including those invisible to the naked eye, e.g. those emitted by hydrogen fires. The detector has one UV and two IR sensors responding to different wavelengths in order to discriminate between flames and spurious sources of radiation. False alarms due to electrical discharges from lightning or arc welding and flickering sunlight are minimised by combining the UV/IR signals.

Triple IR

The detector is sensitive to low-frequency, flickering infra-red radiation emitted by flames during combustion. Since it responds to flickering radiation the detector can operate even if the lens is contaminated by a layer of oil, dust, water-vapour or ice. The detector is set to respond to low-frequency radiation at 1−15Hz (0.75−2.7µm) in order to detect all flickering flames, including those invisible to the naked eye, e.g. those emitted by hydrogen fires. The detector has three IR sensors that respond to different IR wavelengths in order to discriminate between flames and spurious sources of radiation. False alarms due to factors such as flickering sunlight are avoided by a combination of filters and signal processing techniques.

aPPlICaTIONS FOR FlamE DETECTORS

UV

UV Flame detectors are used when detection is required to be unaffected by convection currents, draughts or wind. These include engine rooms in ships, factories affected by draughts or wind and warehouses.

They are fast reacting and respond to a flame more than 25m away. The UV flame detector is affected by arc welding, electrical sparks, lightning, nuclear radiation and UV light sources. For applications where these phenomena are present a UV flame detector should not be used.

UV/Dual IR

This detector is not affected by any of the sources mentioned above. They are used in aircraft hangers, generator rooms (diesel and gas turbines) and paintworks.

TRIPlE IR

The triple IR flame detector is also fast reacting but is also tolerant of fumes, vapours, steam, dust and mist, while being unaffected by the phenomena listed above. It may, however, be affected by modulated IR radiation. Triple IR flame detectors are used in waste handling, colour printing and paper manufacturing.

ElECTRICal CONSIDERaTIONS

The detectors are loop powered and need no external supply. A remote LED alarm indication may be connected to the flame detector.


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DImENSIONS

100mm x 40mm (Detector only)100mm x 48mm (Detector and base)

WEIghT Detector 150g Detector and base 210g

aCCESSORIESA portable Flame Detector Test unit is available, part number 29600-226.

An adjustable mounting bracket is also available, part number 29600–458.

Please answer the following questions:

1. Which product uses 'interrupt'?

2. What are isolators used for?

3. Which two interface products are packaged in the 'mini' format?

4. Name three typical applications for a flame detector?

5. Name the three main parts of the beam detector?

6. What distances do the two versions of the Reflective Beam Detector cover?

7. What interface should be used to monitor or activate the following:

a) Flow switch

b) Conventional manual call point

c) Door retainers

d) 12V sounders

e) Plant shutdown (240V)

f) Smoke dampers

g) Conventional detectors

h) Plant shutdown 24V

i) Beam detectors (fire, pre-alarm & fault)

j) Lift control (shut down, maintenance & return to ground)

k) Aspirating system

Module 3.1: XP95 Test

pp2165 xp95 module 3

Documents

sprinkler

manual call

false alarms

amber led

signal processing

smoke partially

drift compensation

avoid false