power transmission investment program - tranche 2: 500 … · 500 kv pleiku–my phuoc–cau bong...
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Environmental Monitoring Report 3rd Quarterly Report February 2016
VIE: Power Transmission Investment Program -
Tranche 2
500 kV Pleiku–My Phuoc–Cau Bong Transmission
Line
Prepared by Central Viet Nam Power Projects Management Board (CPPMB) for National Power
Transmission Corporation and the Asian Development Bank.
This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
NATIONAL POWER TRANSMISSION CORPORATION
CENTRAL VIETNAM POWER PROJECTS MANAGEMENT BOARD
ENVIRONMENTAL MONIROTING REPORT
THE THIRD QUARTER OF 2014
(July – September 2014)
PLEIKU – MY PHUOC – CAU BONG 500 KV TRANSMISSION LINE
PROJECT
(POWER TRANSMISSION INVESTMENT PROGRAM - TRANCHE 2)
(LOAN 2959-VIE)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABBREVIATIONS ..................................................................................................... 2
1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 1
1.1. Project Background .................................................................................. 1
1.2. Purpose of the Report .............................................................................. 3
1.3. Approach and Methods ............................................................................ 3
2. ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD REQUIREMENTS ......................................... 3
2.1. Relevant Environmental Policies ............................................................. 3
2.1.1. ADB Environmental Policies ...................................................................... 3
2.1.2. Viet Nam Environmental Policies ............................................................... 4
2.2. Subproject Environmental Management Plan (EMP) ............................. 4
2.3. EMP implementation inspection of CPMB and related parties ............. 6
3. RESULTS OF ENVINRONMENTAL MONITORING ............................................ 7
3.1. Some follow-up issues found on environmental safeguards during the third quarter of 2014 need to be reinforced as follows: ........................ 8
3.1.1. Status of reforestation activities ................................................................. 9
3.1.2. EMF exposure and noise nuisance to surrounding communities ............. 11
3.1.3. Control of Vegetation ............................................................................... 12
3.1.4. Buidings within RoW ................................................................................ 13
3.1.5. Induction-caused electrification phenomenon .......................................... 13
3.2. Required Actions and Corective Action Plan ....................................... 13
3.3. Additional Action Required .................................................................... 16
4. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................... 16
4.1. Overall Progress of Implementation of Environmental Management Measures ................................................................................................. 16
4.2. Problems Identified and Actions Recommended ................................. 17
ABBREVIATIONS
ADB : Asian Development Bank
AFD : Agence Française de Développement
CPMB
: Central Viet Nam Power Project Management Board
CPC : Commune People’s Committee
DPC : District People’s Committee
EVN : Viet Nam Electricity
EMP : Environmental Management Plan
IEE : Initial Environmental Examination
CEMP : Construction Environmental Management Plan
REA : Rapid Envinronmental Assessment
EPL : Environmental Protection Law
EMF : Electric and Magnetic Fields
EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment
GOV : Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
HH(s) : Household(s)
MONRE : Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment
DARD : Department of Agriculture and Rural Development
NPT : National Power Transmission Corporation
PPC : Provincial People’s Committee
PTC3 : Power Transmission Company 3
PTC4 : Power Transmission Company 4
ROW : Right-of-Way
T/L(s) : Transmission Line(s)
VND : Vietnam Dong
1
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Project Background
1. The Socialist Republic of Viet Nam has applied for a loan from the Asian
Development Bank (ADB) for the co-financing with Agence Francaise de
Developpment (AFD) towards the cost of the Power Transmission Investment
Program, Tranche 2. Part of the proceeds of the loan will be applied for the subproject
of the Pleiku - My Phuoc - Cau Bong 500 kV transmission line, with total length of
436,673 km (437 km); construct 02 new optical repeaters synchronized with the
optical cable of 500kV Pleiku-My Phuoc-Cau Bong transmission line on the territory
of 05 provinces and one city (including Gia Lai, Dak-Lak, Dak Nong, Binh Phuoc -
Binh Duong and Ho Chi Minh City) (Figure 1). The subproject was prepared under
the technical assistance (PPTA) of 7742-VIE and is one part of the transmission
investment program (MFF). The National Power Transmission Corporation (NPT) of
the national Electrical Utility of Vietnam (EVN) is the executing agency (EA). The
Central Vietnam Power Project Management Board (CPMB) is the implementing
agency for the subproject.
2. The benefits of the subproject are to increase the supply of reliable power for the
Southern of Vietnam, where the economic development is taking place rapidly.
Especially the industrial zones and this is also a place accounting for 10% of the
whole country’s population.
3. In the subproject preparation phase, an EIA met requirements of GoV Ministry of
Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) was approved in August 2011. Based
on the ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS) the subproject has been
categorised as a Category B project and an IEE and an EMP has been prepared and
approved. The EMP has become a condition of the loan. In the construction phase, the
subproject has been divided into 16 civil construction packages for implementation
and management by CPMB and the contractors. The subproject was started on
October 23, 2011. The TL has been energized and put into operation since May 05,
2014 with the warranty period of 24 months. CPMB has transferred the subproject to
the Power Transmission Company 3 and 4 (PTC3 & PTC4) to manage and operate
directly.
2
Figure 1: Location of 500kV Pleiku - My Phuoc - Cau Bong transmission line
with regard to natural conservation areas
Pleiku - My Phuoc - Cau
Bong 500kV Transmission
line
Start at Pleiku
substation
End at Cau Bong
substation
Notes:
The red areas are national
parks
The yellow areas are
national reserves
The dark green areas are
Cultural- Historical areas
3
1.2. Purpose of the Report
4. In order to comply with AFD/ADB’s requirements on environmental safeguards, EVNNPT/CPMB is required to prepare the quarterly environmental monitoring
reports. These reports are considered as an important and necessary part to evaluate
the AFD/ADB’s safeguard compliance. The main purpose of the third quarter
environmental monitoring report is to evaluate the subproject of Pleiku – My Phuoc –
Cau Bong 500kV TL’s environmental compliance during the first stage of the operation phase from July – September 2014. Especially, the report will help identify
compliance and results, existing environmental issues and then propose solutions to
the identified issues and develop a working plan for the next time.
1.3. Approach and Methods
5. The participatory interdisciplinary approach was used in this assignment. Bases for
the environmental monitoring are relevant legal documents in Vietnam, the Safeguard
Policy Statement of ADB 2009 (SPS), and the approved IEE and EMPs. The
environmental monitoring is carried out with a combination of qualitative and
quantitative methods. The data used for the environmental monitoring include the
secondary data from previous environmental monitoring and provincial decisions and
the primary data collected through observation and in-depth interviews.
2. ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD REQUIREMENTS
2.1. Relevant Environmental Policies
2.1.1. ADB Environmental Policies
6. All ADB financed projects are required to undergo environmental assessment to
ensure the environmental soundness and sustainability of the subprojects. It also aims
to support the integration of the environmental considerations in the decision making
process.
7. The ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement, June 2009 (SPS) clarifies the rationale, scope and content an environmental assessment as supported by the technical
guidelines (Environmental Assessment Guidelines, 2003). The initial screening of the
project to determine its environmental category was carried out using the Rapid
Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist for Transmission Lines as attached to the
SPS. Accordingly the subproject was categorised as a Category “B” project which requires an IEE.
8. The SPS emphasizes the need for effective implementation of the environmental
safeguards which are to:
4
Avoid possible impacts of subprojects on the environment and affected
people, where possible;
Minimise, mitigate and/or compensate for adverse project impacts on the
environment and affected people when avoidance is not possible; and
Help borrowers/clients to strengthen their safeguard systems and develop the
capacity to manage environmental and social risks.
9. The SPS contains a number of operational principles that includes the requirement
to ensure that the measures identified during the impact assessment are included in the
EMP and are implemented in agreement with the borrower. The borrower/client is
required to monitor the progress of implementation of the EMP, document the
monitoring results, identify necessary corrective actions and reflect them in a
corrective action plan. The borrower/client will submit at least semiannual monitoring
reports during construction for subprojects likely to have significant adverse
environmental impacts, and quarterly monitoring reports for highly complex and
sensitive subprojects. For subprojects likely to have significant adverse environmental
impacts during operation phase, reporting will continue at the minimum on an annual
basis.
2.1.2. Viet Nam Environmental Policies
10. Environmental impact assessment and management in Vietnam is addressed by the
Environment Protection Law No.52/2005/QH11 (EPL), then adopted on 29th
November 2005 when it became effective as of 1st July 2006. Besides, there are other
laws, decrees, circulars and decisions also support the EPL. The two most important
laws supporting the EPL related to power transmission line are Biodiversity Law No.
20/2008/QH12, 2009 stipulating biodiversity conservation and sustainable
development, and Electricity Law No. 28/2004/QH11, 2011 proscribing the detail for
the power industry in such areas as development planning and investments, privileges
and responsibilities of related organisations and individuals, protection of electrical
equipment and facilities and safety. In the operation phase of the subproject, the
Decree No.14/2014/ND-CP detailed provisions in the enforcement of Electricity Law
on electrical safety which became effective from15 April 2014 replace the Decree
No.106/2005/ND-CP issued 17/08/2005 and the Decree No.81/2009/ND-CP issued
12/10/2009. These and other legal documents are legal bases for controlling and
managing environmental impacts, occupational and community health and safety
during the operation phase of the subproject.
2.2. Subproject Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
11. Based on the ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS), the subproject has
been categorised as a Category B project. Thus the IEE with EMP was prepared and
5
approved in 2011. The IEE was prepared based on information collected in the
Vietnamese EIA approved in 2011 by MONRE and combined with information from
field verification inspections and additional consultations to ensure that all potential
environmental issues of the subproject are assessed thoroughly.
12. According to the approved IEE/EMP, the main impacts and mitigation measures
of different environmental and social aspects related to the transmission line during
operation phase are presented in the table 1 as follow:
Table 1: Impacts and mitigation measures proposed in the IEE/EMP during
operation phase
Impacts Proposed mitigation measures
Unsafe operation of
transmission line.
i. Vegetation cut and controlled to safe operating limits.
ii. Use hand labour
i. Unsafe habitation
within RoW
ii. Unsafe operation
of transmission line.
i. All buildings kept out of 32 m RoW
ii. All buildings outside 16m RoW width from centreline
to 72 m earthed.
13. Environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures during the operation
phase in the Table 1 mentioned above are detaied as follows:
Main environmental impacts include: Unsafe operation of the TL; Unsafe
development within the RoW. Some specific impacts may have at this phase
are electric and magnetic fields exposure, noise nuisance to life of the people;
electrocution incidents, soil erosion at tower bases and the surroungding
environment, fire risk due to improper handling of trees, twigs generated within
and near the RoW.
Proposed mitigation measure: Vegetation is cut and controlled to safe operating
limits; Using hand labour in clearing vegetation; all buildings are kept out of
32m RoW; all buildings outside 16m RoW width from centerline to 72m are
earthed.
14. During operation phase, the national safeguard specialist for environment (the
Consultant – Ms. Nguyen Thi Thuy Hang) has been engaged to provide consulting
service to ensure the environmental soundness and sustainability of the subproject. In
the current time, CPMB has finalized the negotiation with the Consultant. The result
6
of Negotiation and the draft of Contract have been submitted EVNNPT for approval
on 25 September 2014.
2.3. EMP implementation inspection of CPMB and related parties
15. Monitoring and compliance with the EMP of CPMB and the related parties was
built an organization structure. During the operation phase, the organization structure
of environmental management system has been closely established (Figure 2). The
information on labor safety and environmental sanitation has been quickly reflected to
PMU, concurrently the duties of parties: PMU; Construction monitoring unit;
Contractors; Local authorities have been determined clearly and closely.
Figure 2: Organization structure of environmental management system
16. In order to effectively implement the tasks of environmental management, CPMB
and other units involved in environmental monitoring system (Contractors; Local
authorities; Construction monitoring units: PTC3 and PTC4; etc.) have to conduct
their specific environmental management tasks; to monitor the environmental impacts
caused by the subproject construction activities and other related activities and
ensured that the EMP has been followed during operation phase of the subproject.
17. Almost all of mitigation measures presented in the Contractor Environmental
Management Plan (CEMP) were well performed relatively under the supervision of
Management and
operating units (PTC3 &
PTC4)
PMU (CPMB)
National Safeguard
Specialist on
Environment
Local residents & social- political
organizations (Communal Fatherland
Front Committee, Farmer Union,
Women Union)/communities
Local authorities
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the power transmission companies (PTC3, PTC4) as well as the staffs in charge of
CPMB.
18. The semiannual environment monitoring reports were prepared by CPMB and
submitted to ADB for review in August 2013, February. The semiannual EMR within
the period of July – December 2014 will be proposed to submit in December 2014.
19. On April 01-04, 2014, CPMB and ADB have conducted site visit at some places
of the subproject belonging to Gia Lai and Dak Lak provinces (such as Nghia Hoa
commune of Chu Pah district, Gia Lai province; Tan Hoa commune of Buon Don
district, Dak Lak province; Tan Thanh Dong commune of Cu Chi district, Ho Chi
Minh city) to check the subproject compliance with the EMP.
20. CPMB evaluated the effectiveness of the implementation of mitigation measures
conducted by contractors during the construction period, based on environmental
compliance reports and the Minutes of environmental compliance monitoring of
contractors, and actual situation of environmental management under the supervision
of PTC3 & PTC4 - the engineers who have supervised subproject construction of
CPMB as well as local authorities in the subproject area. CPMB regularly monitored,
supervised and urged the contractors to strictly implement their environmental
management in accordance with regulations.
3. RESULTS OF ENVINRONMENTAL MONITORING
21. During the first stage of the operation phase, the actual survey on site along the
subproject of Pleiku – My Phuoc – Cau Bong 500kV TL shows that the operation and
management units of PTC3 and PTC4 have complied with the exchange of
information on the implementation of the environment dafety measures with the
operation and management units, representatives of CPCs and the communities in the
subproject area. It shows that the coordination between the operation and management
units with the relevant departments, CPCs and the communities is well done.
22. In fact, the Operation and Management Units of PTC3 and PTC4 have
implemented control of vegetation along the RoW and control of development within
the RoW. Especially, these Units have arranged their staffs and workers to check each
8
item regularly to detect any isues promptly which may affect the safty of the TL
operation as well as health of local people and coordinate with NPT/CPMB to take
solutions to make the work stable and sustainable within operation phase in the future.
The staff and workers were in direct observation, monthly conducted filed visit
through densely populated areas to consult the local people directly about potential
risks to people and the TL operation in order to get solution in time.
23. Especially, based on the GoV’s environmental policy Electric and Magnetic Fields
(EMF) of the subproject is required to observe two times per year. Therefore based on
the monitoring results of EMF dated on 22 June 2014, the selected locations for EMF
monitoring are intersected points between the TL and road, communication lines,
resident areas. Besides, the noise is implemented at the substations and other areas
when having complaints. They also showed that the noise at the substations is lower
than the regulated standard – Labor hygienic standards under the Decision
No.3733/2002/QĐ-MoH dated 10 October 2012; Electric field strength in some
places is higher than the permissible limit of the electric field strength in the region
where people regularly work (5kV/m), it varies from 5,15kV/m to 21,3kV/m in Gia
Lai; Other provinces/city (Dak Lak, Dak Nong, Binh Phuoc, Binh Duong, Ho Chi
Minh) have been being implemented the monitoring, their datas have not been
synthesized and informed. No official complaint on the general public EMF exposure
and noise nuisance to surrounding communities has been reflected to PTC3 and PTC4.
3.1. Some follow-up issues found on environmental safeguards during the third quarter of 2014 need to be reinforced as follows:
24. In some construction sites, land restoration has been carried out by local people
not by the contractors (Joint Venture of Viet A Investment Commercial Industrial
Company and Dien Dia Phuong Ltd Co., INCO Company). The local people in some
communes for instance Ea Kiet commune and Ea Mdroh commune – Cu Mgar district
– Dak Lak province, Nam Dong commune – Cu Jut district – Dak Nong province
reflected that they had paid for land restoration of the land area borrowed by the
contractors to implement re-cultivation timely. The construction monitoring unit at the
area explained that the local people were voluntary in cleaning the felt down trees in
some areas within the RoW because they wanted to use branches for their daily living
9
activities such as firewood, fencing. There was not formal reflection of this issue to
the DRCC. However, from the observation, tree cutting has not been cleaned up at Ea
Kiet commune. It could cause fire hazards in the dry season and threat to the safety of
the TL in the operation phase. It is also an impediment for cultivation of the local
people.
3.1.1. Status of reforestation activities
25. For compensation for natural forest damages, CPMB coordinated with
provincial departments and divisions to estimate damages and compensate for the
identified damages. The subproject was implemented the payment of compensation
for the loss of Dak Lak province's forests, it was about 10,816,764,158 VND (10
billion, eight hundred and sixteen million, seven hundred and sixty-four thousand, one
hundred and fifty-eight Vietnam dong) on March 12, 2014. The amount was
transferred based on Decision No. 485/ QĐ-UBND of the People Committee of Dak
Lak Province dated March 07, 2014.
26. For reforestation activities, CPMB has developed the reforestation plans of
144,778 ha of forest in the 03 provinces: Dak Lak, Gia Lai and Dak Nong. However,
CPMB will not organize the implementation of reforestation but only transfer the
required amount of money to the provincial Forest Development and Protection Funds
after the provincial People’s Committee approves the reforestation plans. Then CPMB
will conduct its monitoring on implementation of reforestation plan. However, the
time for reforestation plan has not been defined yet. The reforestation plans have been
submitted to the provincial DARDs for appraisal and to PPCs for approval.
- In Dak Lak province: the total area of natural forest has been converted in Dak
Lak is 107.11 ha;
+ Protective forest : 13.34 ha;
+ Productive forest : 93.77 ha;
+ Planning time : Not defined;
+ The converted area is managed by 06 units including Hoa Gia Phat Import
and Export Service – Trade Co., Ltd, Ea HMo Forestry One-member Co.Ltd,
10
Green Forest One-member Co.,Ltd, Cu KBang Communal People’s
Committee, Chu Ma Lanh Forestry One-member Co.,Ltd. and Buon Ya Wam
One-member Co., Ltd.
+ Status of reforestation plan in Dak Lak in current time: On January 09 2014,
Dak Lak PPC issued the Decision No.104/QĐ-UBND approving on converting
the purpose of forest use in Dak Lak. Based on the Dak Lak PPC’s Decision,
on August 08 2014 CPMB has been submitted to Dak Lak provincial
Department of Agriculture and Rural Development an official minute
No.4533/AMT-ĐB requiring approval on the cost of reforestation plan. After
receiving the Decision from Dak Lak provincial DARD, CPMB will transfer
the payment to the Dak Lak Forest Development and Protection Fund as
required.
- In Gia Lai province: the total area of natural forest has been converted in Gia
Lai is 28,7 ha including protective forest and productive forest, which belongs
to Chu Puh and Chu Prong districts and is managed by Nam Phu Nhon
Protective Forest Management Unit and Ia Ve Communal People’s Committee.
The actual forest area affected by the subproject has not been agreed and
confirmed by the relavant parties. DARD of Gia Lai province proposed to
establish an appraisal meeting for reforestation plans of several projects in such
province.
- In Dak Lak province: the total area of natural forest has been converted in Dak
Nong is 8.968 ha;
+ Productive natural forest : 6.53 ha;
+ Protective planted forest : 2.438 ha;
+ Planning time : Not defined;
+ Managed by Dak Song Forestry Control Unit, Viet Long MDF Timber
Engineering JSC and Truong Xuan One-member Co.Ltd.
11
3.1.2. EMF exposure and noise nuisance to surrounding communities
27. Results of interviews with representatives of the communal authorities and the
affected people showed that electrification has been discorvered in some buildings in
some places near the RoW, for example in Ea Kiet commune – Cu Mgar district –
Dak Lak province, Nam Dong commune – Cu Jut district – Dak Nong province and
Tho Son commune – Bu Dang district – Binh Phuoc province. This issue has been
reflected to PTC3 and PTC4. In order to ensure the safety of the community
development along the TL in the operation phase, the Units conducted their review to
make a list of the buildings and then submited the client for additional earthing
performance.
28. As a part from the above mentioned electrification issue, some of selected people
for the interview expressed their concerns of risk, negative impacts of the TL on their
health when they frequently work within the areas around the RoW. The residents in
Ia Sao commune, Gia Lai province reflected that they have not felt the electrification
from the TL. But they felt steering shaked when they rode under the North – South
500kV TL constructed in 1994. The residents in Ea Kiet commune – Dak Lak
province and in Nam Dong commune – Dak Nong provinces were afraid of working
on their plots while it was raining or humid due to the risk of electricfication of
agricultural tools. The unexpected impacts on their health are possible as well. Thus
they expected to get payment for landuse right and to get compensation for the entire
land area within the RoW to avoid health risks in the long time. However, based on
the Decree No.14/2014/ND-CP of GoV regarding detailed provisions in the
enforcement of Electricity Law on electrical safety, the local people’s expectation
could not be met. Therefore, the Operation and Management Units of PTC3 and PTC4
will monitor EMF and noise periodically and irregularly when there are complaints to
get solutions in time.
29. It is shown that EMF exposure and noise nuisance to surrounding communities
have not been serious problems so far. The first reason is that in the first stage of the
operation phase the TL has just been energized and its operation with the power loads
lower than the subproject design. The second reason is that the first period of the TL
operation phase has been performed in the dry season. In fact, noise from the TL can
12
reach its maximum during the rain and fog season, electric fields increase strongly as
the voltage increase, magnetic fields increase strongly as the current increase.
Therefore, the EMF exposure and noise nuisance can be increased remarkably in the
next period when the TL should be operated with bigger loads in rainy season.
Responding to the limited capacity to measure electromagnetic fields in practice and
local people’s concerns, monitoring effects of EMF exposure and noise through public
consultation and observation in the next periods could have been very useful.
3.1.3. Control of Vegetation
30. The change in vegetation cover within the RoW will alter soil quality in different
areas. Some fallow lands within the RoW for cassava cultivation (observed in Dak
Lak, Binh Phuoc, Binh Duong provinces) are at risk of erosion and degradation.
Cassava cultivation requires a huge amount of nutrients, notably potassium and
nitrogen. The application of inappropriate techniques for cassava cultivation such as
plowing too deeply and manuring to replenish nutrients in soil could cause erosion,
soil runoff, especially on the slopes. The soil erosion in the long time will affect the
risks of land degradation. However, some areas within the RoW used for bean
cultivation (observed in Dak Nong and Gia Lai province) are effective for
maintenance and restoration of soil fertility, valuable for soil conservation. Such
changes in land quality will bring different impacts on the protection of soil resources
within the RoW.
31. The changes in vegetation cover not only alter soil quality but also cause negative
effects on water resources. 114.78 ha of forest land belongings to the three provinces
(Dak Lak, Gia Lai and Dak Nong) will be converted to food crops and land for
industial plants. To ensure the economic efficiency, tree planting density in the
industrial land can not be the same as that in natural forests. The cultivation requires
regular removal of grass and unwanted plants under the tree canopy to concentrate
nutrients for the growth of plants. Thus the water-holding capacity of industrial
plantations can not be the same as the one in natural forests, even demanding a lot of
water for irrigation. For example, the water demand for irrigation is very much for
coffee plant cultivation, 1 ha of land for coffee plant cultivation requires from 1.600
13
m3
to 1.700 m3
of water during the dry season. Therefore vegetation management
within the RoW is considered as an important implication for the protection of soil
and water resources in the region.
3.1.4. Buidings within RoW
32. Some built works (primarily temporary shelters/camps) within the RoW have not
been completely dismantled. They were observed in Nam Dong commune – Cu Jut
district – Dak Nong province, Ea Kiet commune and Ea M’Dro’h commune – Cu
Mgar district, Dak Lak province, Ia Kenh commune – Pleiku city and among the
Picket No.0308-0309, 0601-0602, 0802-0803 in Gia Lai province. Through the
interviews with the local people it revealed that the reason is the unsatisfactory
compensation and support levels in accordance with the policies of Gia Lai, Dak Lak
and Dak Nong provinces. The local people were not satisfied with compensation they
received, so their buildings remained available for the expectation of additional
support. The local people also reflected that the roof of the shelters/camps has been
induction-caused conductor but the shelters/camps are still used by local residents to
protect themselves from rain and sun if nescessary.
3.1.5. Induction-caused electrification phenomenon
33. There is still induction-caused electrification phenomenon in some built works
within a distance of about 25-60m from the centerline of the RoW. From the
interviews with staff of PTC3 and PTC4, most of the built works have been earthed in
accordance with the Decree No.14/2014/ND-CP on electric safety and the design of
the subproject. However, due to limited budget of the client, only the buildings in
proximity of the RoW and main houses are prioritized for earthing. Besides, there are
also some houses built after the operation of transmission line which have not been
controlled. Thus, some built works within a distance of about 25-60m from the
centerline of the RoW have not been earthed. PTC3 and PTC4 proposed to conduct
their observation and make the list for addional earthing plans.
3.2. Required Actions and Corective Action Plan
34. Based on the above mentioned environmental issues, the required actions and
corrective action plan for addressing existing environmental issue in the next period
are presented in the table 2 as follows.
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Table 2. Required Actions and Corrective Action Plan
Issue Cause Required Action Responsibility Timing
(Target Dates)
Description of
Resolution and Timing
(Actual)
1. Delay in
afforestation
- Relevant PPCs have not
paid proper attention to the
afforestation plan
- Provincial officials are
busy with their other tasks in
the localities
- It took much time for
getting consensus price levels
for the replacement
afforestation
- CPMB does not have
human resource and capacity
for afforestation
- Accelerate the
administrative
procedures to allow
the afforestation plan
early done and track
to complete this
responsibility
- The
afforestation plan
should be carried out
as soon as possible
CPMB and PPCs Before July
2015
CPMB and the
environmental
safeguard consultant
continually coordinate
with local authorities
& officials to urge the
administrative
procedures for the
afforestation and
making the
afforestation plan to be
implemented as soon
as possible.
2. The
existence of
some built
works
(primarily
temporary
shelters/camp)
within RoW
Local people are not satisfied
with the compensation and
support levels in accordance
with the provincial policies
from the subproject.
Totally dismantle the
remaining works
within the RoW in Gia
Lai, Dak Lak and Dak
Nong provinces
CPMB, PTC3,
PTC4 and related
communal
governments &
social- political
organizations
(Communal
Fatherland Front
Committee, Farmer
Union, Women
Union)
Before July
2015
Immediately
implemented
15
Issue Cause Required Action Responsibility Timing
(Target Dates)
Description of
Resolution and Timing
(Actual)
3. Risks for
community
safety
- Shortage in earthing for
buildings
- Some houses built after the
operation of transmission line
have not been earthed
Check the earthing of
the buildings in the
area 16-60m from
the centreline of the
RoW to plan for
additional earthing
PTC3 and PTC4 Before July
2015
Immediately
implemented
4. EMF
exposure
Electric field strength in many
places within RoW is higher
than the permissible limit of
the electric field strength in the
region where people regularly
work
Propaganda for
preventing EMF
exposure, for the
public and the workers
PTC3 and PTC4
During the
operation
phase
Continually implement
communication
5. Potential
impacts on
water and soil
resources
- Changes in land use to
ensure safe operation of the
TL
- The land owners do not
know how to use the
compensated and supported
money amount to sustainably
restore income in parallel with
the protection of soil and water
resources
- Trees were felled within the
RoW in Ea Kiet commune, Cu
Mgar district, Dak Lak
province have not been cleared
- Disseminate
economic-efficient
and environment-
friendly agricultural
techniques to the
owners of land within
the RoW
- Clear dry twigs in
Ea Kiet, CuMgar
District, Dak Nong
province
PTC3 & PTC4 Before July
2015
Provide the landowners
environmental
communication
products as
communication
message, leaflet, poster
at CPC headquarter,
along the RoW
16
3.3. Additional Action Required
35. Based on the GoV’s environmental policy and EIA approved by MONRE, EMF will
be monitoried by the Operation and Management Units (PTC3 and PTC4) periodically
two times per year and irregularly when received complaints from local people during the
operation phase of the subproject. EMF is only measured two times per year at some
sensitive places (intersection point between the TL and raod, communication lines,
resident areas) while the vontage and electric current change in time depending upon the
electricity generating sources and use demand; electric fileds increase strongly as the
voltage increases, magnetic fields increase strongly as the current increases. The local
people in Dak Lak and Gia Lai province have not reflected any negative impacts of the
subproject on them so far though the EMF has been discovered in these provinces.
However, the result of public consultation and visual inspection for the effects of EMF
could reveal the most exact information for the assessment and it could be very
necessary. Thus, in the next periods, public consultation and visual inspection for the
effects of EMF must be done to control exposure of EMF in time.
36. Some other environmental issues possibly happened in the operation phase are (i)
erosion of the spoil at tower bases and within the RoW during heavily rain season, (ii)
electrocution risks after storms, (iii) fire risk due to improper handling of trees, twigs
generated within and near the RoW. These issues should be monitored in the next
periods.
4. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
4.1. Overall Progress of Implementation of Environmental Management Measures
37. In the first stage of operation phase, environmental mitigation measures have been
performed by the Operation and Management Units of PTC3 and PTC4 under the regular
supervision and monitoring of environmental safeguard consultant and CPMB/ADB.
PTC3 and PTC4 have well controlled the environmental safety measures. Besides, some
existing environmental issues caused by activities of the construction phase have been
continually addressing by the coordination among CPMB, PTC3, PTC4 and the relevant
local authorities (CPCs and PPCs) such as conducting administrative procedures for
afforestation, dismantling the remained buildings within the RoW. Some mitigation
measures for addressing unexpected environmental issues such as potential negative
17
impacts on water and soil resources, EMF exposure and noise nuisance to surrounding
communities, potential conflicts will be implemented and regularly monitored in the next
periods.
4.2. Problems Identified and Actions Recommended
38. Through the result of environmental monitoring, it is shown that the implementation
of the environmental mitigation measures of the subproject is retricted. Especially (i)
afforestation has not been finalized yet, (ii) some buildings remained within RoW, (iii)
fire risk warned in the dry season, (iv) some buildings in several areas at a distance of
about 25m to 60m from the centerline of the RoW have not been earthed.
39. In order to ensure full compliance with the ADB’s environmental policy specified in
the EMP, CPMB should have closely coordination with local authorities and the
Operation and Management Units of PTC3 & PTC4. During the operation phase, relavent
stakeholders have to comply with environmental mitigation measures by clearing dry
twigs within the RoW, dismantling the remained buildings within the RoW, conducting
additional earthing for arisen buildings, developing the economic-eddicient and
environmentally friendly agricultural techniques to the owner of land plots within the
RoW, conducting afforestation plan.
40. The environmental monitoring process should be continually paid attention to fire
risk, EMF exposure, noise nuisance to surroungding communities and electroduction
risks, afforestation and unintended impacts due to changes in landuse within the RoW
such as soil erosion, degradation of local soil and water resources.