potter olivia 586562 algorithmicsk pages

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OLIV

IA POTTER // ABPL30048

ARCHITECTURE

DESIGN STUDIO: AIR

STRI

OIAU

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C r i t e r i a F i e l d

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Draw curves in RhinoLoft using Grasshopper (see

week one tutorial online)LoftMake 2DChange line weight in Illustrator to 0.25mmImport file into Indesign

See tutorial from Week One on the LMS.

Review this page’s worth of content.

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l o f t i n g a n d s t a t e c a p t u r e

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e x - l a b 1 . 0 3 t r i a n g u l a t i o n a l g o r i t h m s

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Federation Square is made using the voronoi component in grasshopper. WARNING pops

up when using too much voronoi! Nice to know that Grasshopper has a sense of humour!

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e x - l a b 1 . 0 3 t r i a n g u l a t i o n a l g o r i t h m s

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v e c t o r f u n d a m e n t a l s

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m e s h g e o m e t r y

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Mesh surface created from control points. This mesh surface, although ineffective for creat-

ing a mesh for many points, was helpful in beginning to understand how a mesh works and the order of points.

Here, vectors have been built in Grasshopper. Their direction and strength determined by algo-

rithmic equations.

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c l a s s t a s k

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This week in class we were asked to use data to create lofted surfaces. These images above

map the growth of plant over the time period of a year. The definition, as can be seen to the left, uses a multiplication factor between the average number of daylight hours and average hours to extend the defi-nition into the 3rd dimension while the month of the year and plant growth influence the x and z variables of the defintion. To me, the result looks slightly like a clam.

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p e t e r e i s e n m a n ’ s b e r l i n h o l o c a u s t m e m o r i a l ( 2 0 0 8 )

Here I followed a series of three online tutorials to create a copy of

Peter Eisenman’s Berlin War Memo-rial in Germany. Although Eisenman did not infact use a parametric design to form find, it can very easily be done to look the same. Here, I have used the Closest Cure Component to create

the undulating surface and the Ex-trude component to make the original rectangular grid three dimensional.

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m e s h g e o m e t r y

This tutorial looked at the Mesh Component of Grasshopper.

Importantly, it also warned against the use of Meshes as without a plugin such as Weaverbird of LunchBox, it signifies the end of toying with the definition. A mesh is generally the very last step in producing a definition. This

tutorial also looked at weldvertices together which can then be relaxed with the MS Smooth tool.

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To loft, simply reference multiple points and then loft them together. In this way, Grasshopper is very similar to

Rhino. The Geodesic Curve creates square edges.

The second half of the tutorial focussed on teaching how to offset curves. This is done by simply using the offset

component in Grasshopper. Definitions can be found to the left!

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l o f t i n g

A base geometry was lofted from a series of closed curve surfaces and

then, extended in the Z-Direction.

What is cool about this definition is that it could easily by used in

my own definitions as it easily fabricated. It would be possible to use the lazer cut-ting or the card cutter to produce a very elegant form.

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l i s t s a n d c u l l i n g p a t t e r n s

To produce this pattern from a

series of points, the voronoi tool was used. It also looked at jitter-ing points and listing items.

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0 3 . 0 1 c r e a t i n g a g r i d s h e l l

I promise that I did this tutorial - just I can’t find the Rhino file because I seem to struggle to la-

bel things correctly.... I am a good student.

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m o d e l a b v i d e o 6T r i g C u r v e s a n d L i s t s

Range: Creates a sequence of numbers equally spaced inside a numeric domain.

Domain: A numeric domain is the space defined by two nu-meric extremes (min - max). Minimum and maximum can also be described as floor - ceiling.

Points: An ordered set of numbers called co-ordinates, most likely Cartesan in nature

Enable is a kill switch while preview is whether an output is visible or hidden.

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m o d e l a b v i d e o 7S p i r a l l i n g

This spiralling tutorial indroduced to me the mathematical components of Grasshop-

per include the Pi tool which, as I extend my knowledge in Grasshopper will be beneficial in increasing the complexity of my definitions. To get better, I will need to continue playing with these components in my own time.

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m o d e l a b v i d e o 8P h y l o t a x i s a n d E x p r e s s i o n s

Series, booleans and composing algorithms

Series: Creates a sequence of numbers spaced according to step values.

Function: A function is a relation that uniquely associates members of one set to members of another set. Sequence Manipulation: In addition to creating and navi-gating through lists, frequently, we want to rearrange the data contained in a list.

Boolean: Property of a statement being true or false

List Culling: In addition to creating and navigating through lists, frequently, we want to remove a specific item or se-quence of items from a list using a repeating pattern

Gates and Dispatching: Dispatch the items in a list to two target lists. List dispatching is very similar to the [cull pattern] component, with the exception that both lists are provided as outputs.

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m o d e l a b v i d e oP a n e l l i n g S u r f a c e s S u r f a c e s

Parameter Space: We can move along the parameter space of a sur-

face using x, y co-ordinates

Points can operate within a global space (i.e x, y, z) or in a local space which is de-fined by u, v, w.

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f i e l d f u n d a m e n t a l s

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Here, magnetic fields as combined with point attractors to form one

unified magnetic surface. Different dis-plays can be used to see different prop-erties of the surface which results in im-ages such as the one above.

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E x p r e s s i o n s

This tutoral was particularly helpful as it explained to be

why, in my previous attempts, I could never get circles (shapes on points) to turn in accordance with the overall form. This will be a useful tutorial to return to in order to fully grasp this concept.

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F r a c t a l T e t r a h e d r a l

I had previously trialled the Fractal Tetra-hedron tutorial when it refused to work in

week four. However, upon returning to the video tutorial, I was able to get through it. I

think my previous issue was that my expres-sion was missing a bracket. With the maths components, it’s really important that it is all perfect because it allows no room for errors.

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b i o t h i n g - e v a l u a t i n g f i e l d s

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b i o t h i n g v a r i a t i o n s

Playing with this definition of the biothing was actually a bit

of fun. Using the graph mapper was valuable and also learning how to use a field line.

Obviously, I got a bit carried away (this is only half of the

baking I did.

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p l a y i n g w i t h g r a s s h o p p e r !

I was really interested in work-ing out how to use the Image

sampler as I think I provide a unexpected result. I also worked on offsetting circles, like had been experimented with in previous tutorials.

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28 // A R C H I T E T U R E D E S I G N S T U D I O < < A I R > > S K E T C H B O O K / / // A R C H I T E T U R E D E S I G N S T U D I O < < A I R > > J O U R N A L / /

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B a s e d o n t h e V o u s s o i r C l o u d b y I w a m o t o S c o t t

Scale Slider: 0.588Z-Direction Slider: -2.20X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9

Scale Slider: 0.588Z-Direction Slider: -2.20X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: -2.20X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to falsetimer set to 1 sec

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to falsetimer set to 1 secWeaverbird’s Sierpinski Triangles

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to falsetimer set to 1 secWeaverbird’s Sierpinski Triangles

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to trueMoving original points

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to trueMoving original points along z-axis

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to falseDelaunay EdgesShifting original curve

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to trueDelaunay EdgesMoving original points

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Delaunay EdgesMoving original points

Scale Slider: -3.70Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Delaunay EdgesMoving original pointsCircle Radius: 5.127Kangaroo Stiffness: 245

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Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 10.0X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to true

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to falseDelaunay Edges

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to trueDelaunay Edges

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to trueDelaunay Mesh

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to falseDelaunay EdgesShifting original curve

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to falseDelaunay EdgesShifting original curveMoving original points


Scale Slider: -3.70Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Delaunay EdgesMoving original pointsWeaverbird Triangles

Scale Slider: -3.70Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo Stiffness: 45Delaunay EdgesMoving original pointsWeaverbird TrianglesKangaroo Physics: False

Scale Slider: -3.70Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo Stiffness: 245Delaunay EdgesMoving original pointsDelaunay EdgesKangaroo Physics: False

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B a s e d o n t h e V o u s s o i r C l o u d b y I w a m o t o S c o t t

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to trueWeaverbird TrianglesMoving original curve

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to trueWeaverbird TrianglesMoving original curveChanging radius of original Voronoi cells

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 10.0X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to false

Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo reset to trueDelaunay EdgesMoving original points


Scale Slider: 0.794Z-Direction Slider: 5.40X-Vector Slider: 0Y-Vector Slider: 0Z-Vector Slider: 67.9Kangaroo Stiffness: 245Delaunay EdgesAddition of PointsWeaverbird TrianglesKangaroo Physics: False

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// A R C H I T E T U R E D E S I G N S T U D I O < < A I R > > J O U R N A L / /

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This definition was going well until I tried to take it into the

the Z-direction! I would really like to know why sometimes it doesn’t work! It’s really frustrating!

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d o u b l e a g e n t w h i t e - r e v e r s e e n g i n e e r i n g

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B a s e d o n D o u b l e A g e n t W h i t e b y M a r c F o r n e s

Our first step in reverseengineering Double Agent White was to join 9 circes of varying radius’ together. We trialled one method before arriving at another whereby we used a bounding box and attractor points in order to produce the basic form of the overall pavilion.

Once our spheres were connected, we joined then, turn-ing them into a single brep. Using a bounding box, we trimmed the solid to produce the image as above.

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Next, we altered the composition of the interlocking spheres to create a form that more closely resembled the original Double Agent White. To do this, we played with the placement of the attractor points by altering them in Rhino.

The biggest challenge that wenever were actually able to resolve was how to place an image on the surface of the Brep Mesh. We spent many hour deliberating, before deciding to attend a tech help session in which we were told Marc Fornes had not actually used Grass-hopper to produce his pavilion, rather complex Python Scripting which, to be honest, was so far out of our capablitiy and therefore provided us with a convenient endpoint.

The final form, we simply panellised with triangles, ex-ploring the capabilities of Grasshopper’s surface division inputs.

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d a t a t r e e s + n a v i g a t i n g d a t a s t r u c t u r e s

Data Matching:Data matching occurs when a component has access to

differently sized list inputs. The grasshopper plug-in currently has three matching algorithms.

A Trie:A trie is an Ordered Data Structure in which elements are stored and accessed with a ‘Key’.

As of Grasshopper 0.6, data can be stored in hierarchical structures not dissimilar to a branching tree.

Data is still stored in lists, but each list now has a ‘path’.Paths are a series of indices describing the position of the data branch within the tree.

Tree Statistics:Returns some statistics of the Data Tree including:P: All Paths of the TreeL: The length of each branch of the TreeC: Number of paths and branches in the Tree

Flattening:Flattening a Tree removes all levels of a Data Tree resulting in a single list.

Path Mapper:The Path Mapper allows you to perform lexical operations on Data Trees.

Lexical operations are logical mappings between data paths and indices which are defined by textual (lexical) paths and patterns.

Simplify:Removes overlapping branches in a Data Tree.

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d a t a t r e e s + n a v i g a t i n g d a t a s t r u c t u r e s

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E X L A B - C o n t r o l l i n g D a t a S t r u c t u r e : C o n t i n u -o u s P a t t e r n i n g

As can be seen, the only thing that didn’t seem to work was the python scripting

In this definition, I learnt to use the cap component which will be useful to close surfaces and create solids. Although in my opinion, many of the tutorials are highly irrelevant, the knowledge of new components is helpful to expand my knowledge of the program.

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I had trouble with this tutorial - my python script-ing didn’t seem to work despite triple checking its accuracy. It appears that only one of the branches of the tree was correctly given a continuous pattern however I’m not sure how!

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p a t h m a p p e r

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t r e e s !

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n o w , n o t b a s e d o n D o u b l e A g e n t W h i t e b y M a r c F o r n e s

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E X L A B - t r a v e l l i n g s a l e s m a n + p y t h o n

import Rhino

sPt = allPts[startIndex]allPts.RemoveAt(startIndex)route = []

def Salesman(fromPt,c): closestIndex = Rhino.Collections.Point3dList.ClosestIndexInList(allPts,fromPt) newPt = allPts[closestIndex] route.append(newPt) allPts.RemoveAt(closestIndex) if(c>0): Salesman(newPt,c-1)

if __name__=="__main__": Salesman(sPt,iterations) a = route

scripting in python

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E X L A B - 6 . 0 5 G r a d i e n t D e s c e n t

Demonstates a gradient descent algorithm and a variation using clusters and copy-paste iteration

< < N o n - T e a c h -i n g p e r i o d w e e k t w o > >

E X L A B - 0 7 . 0 1 E M L - I n t r o d u c t i o n

Flatten the input into Force Objects when using Kangaroo to ensure the Data Tree will work and the input is correct.

Also, Curves must be converted into Lines because Kangaroo oper-ates only with these.

When Toggle is false, the component is running (ON)If Toggle is true, the component is resetting (OFF)

It is olny at approximation - it can’t be used to calculate real world problems!

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E X L A B - 0 7 . 0 2E M L - T e n s i l e a n d R i g i d B o d i e s

This tutorial was particularly helpful in extending my very basic knowledge of Kangaroo. It is exciting to realise that Grasshopper can become more exact in predicting the effects on objects from exterior forces. In this way, Grasshop-per becomes more realistic and more applicable to a world with gravity.

Again, it is important to FLATTEN lists for the inputs of kangaroo physics.

Origami folding uses an original flat surface which then is manipulated with Kangaroo Physics and Springs!



E X L A B - 0 7 . 0 3B e n d i n g a n d H i n g e s

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n s b e r

e t c h b o o

w e e kt w o c