potency and consequence of new media
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8/2/2019 Potency and Consequence of New Media
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New Media:
Consequence and Potency
Wisnu Martha Adiputra
“Susi Netizen Workshop” @america
Jakarta, Oktober 1, 2011
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Systematics
Concept: definition of new media
Consequences: positive and negative
Potency: personal and social
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Main Changes linked to rise of new
media
• Digitalization and convergence of all aspects of media
•
Increased interactivity and network connectivity• Mobility and delocation of sending and receiving
• Adaptation of publication and audience roles
• Appearance of diverse new forms of media “gateway”
• Fragmentation and blurring of the “media institution”
McQuail, 2010: 141
Concept: definition of new media
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“Newness” of New Media
(Interactive Media)
4 C
Computing and information technology
Communication networks
Digitalized media and information Content
Convergence
(Flew, 2005: 2)
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Types of new media:
InternetMobile phone
Videogames
Social reality, media reality & Virtual reality
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New Media and It’s functions:
1. Interpersonal CommunicationMedia2. Interactive Play Media3. Information Search Media
4. Collective Participatory Media5. Substitution of Broadcast Media
Social reality, media reality &
Virtual reality
(McQuail, 2010: 143 – 144)
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These include the telephone (increasingly
mobile) and e-mail (primarily for work, butbecoming more personal). In general, contentis private and perishable and the relationshipestablished and reinforced may be more
important than the information conveyed
Interpersonal Communication
Media
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These are mainly compute-based and
videogames, plus virtual reality devices. Themain innovation lies in the interactivity andperhaps the dominance of “process” over
“use” gratifications
Interactive Play Media
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This is a wide category, but the Internet/WWW is themost significant example, viewed as a library anddata source of unprecedented size, actuality and
accessibility. The search engine has risen to acommanding position as a tool for users as well as asource of income for the Internet. Beside theInternet, the (mobile) telephone is also increasingly a
channel for information retrieval, as are broadcastteletext and radio data services.
Information Search Media
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The category includes especially the uses of the Internet for sharing and exchanging
information, ideas and experience anddeveloping active (computer-mediated)personal relationships. Social networking sitesbelong under this heading. Uses range from
the purely instrumental to affective andemotional.
Collective Participatory Media
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The main reference is to uses of mediato receive or download content that in
the past was typically broadcast ordistributed by other similar methods.Watching films and television
programmes, listening to radio andmusic, etc, are the main activities.
Substitution of Broadcast Media
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Production
Distribution
StorageDisplay
ICT Impact on Mass Media
(Pavlik, 1996: 2 – 4)
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Key Characteristics Differentiating Newfrom Old Media, from the User Perspective
Interactivity: as indicated by the ratio of response orinitiative on the part of the user to the “offer” of thesource/sender
Social presence (or sociability): experienced by theuser, meaning the sense of personal contact withothers that can be engendered by using a medium
Media richness: the extent to which can bridgedifferent frames of reference, reduce ambiguity,provide more cues, involve more senses and be morepersonal
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Autonomy: the degree to which a user feels
in control of content and use, independent of the source
Playfulness: uses for entertainment andenjoyment, as against utility and
instrumentalityPrivacy: associated with the use of a mediumand/or its typical or chosen content
Personalization: the degree to which contentand uses are personalized and unique
(McQuail, 2010: 144)
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Dimensions of Interactivity
The direction of communication
Flexibility about time and roles in theexchange
Having a sense of place in the communicationenvironment
Level of control (of the communication
environment0Perceived purpose (oriented to exchange orpersuasion)
(McQuail, 2010: 145)
C P iti d N ti
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PerspectivesCultural: understanding to community
Social: interaction between groups
Politics: interest and power
Economy: profit motives and resourcesexchange
Consequences: Positive and Negative
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Potency:
Extension of Media Functions
participative culture and collective
intelectuality (Jenkins, 2006: 2)
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Media Literacy
Analysis – breaking down a message intomeaningful elements
Evaluation – judging the value of an
elements; the judgment is made bycomparing the element to some standard
Grouping – determining which elements arealike in some way; determining which
elements are different is some way
(Potter, 2005: 36)
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Media Literacy
Induction – inferring a pattern across a smallset of elements; then generalizing the patternto all elements in the set
Deduction – using general principles to
explain particulars
Synthesis – assembling elements into a newstructure
Abstracting – creating a brief, clear, andaccurate description capturing the essence of a message in a smaller number of words thanthe message itself
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Pyramid of Information Processing
Bits and bytes: strings of ones and zeros
Data: figures, letters, and other signs
Information: interpreted data
Message: “packaged” information
Knowledge: facts and effects
Creativity: re-production better information
Network: social contribution
Wisdom: deeper experience
(van Dijk, 2006: 202)
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Referensi
Flew, Terry (2005). New Media: An Introduction. Second Edition.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Jenkins, Henry (2006). Convergence Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide. New York: New York University Press.
McQuail, Denis (2010). McQuail’s Mass Communication Theory. SixthEdition. London: Sage Publications.
Pavlik, John V. (1996). New Media Technology: Cultural and Commercial Perspectives. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Potter, James (2005). Media Literacy. Third Edition: London: SagePublications.
van Dijk, Jan A. G. M. (2006). The Network Society: Social Aspects of New Media. Second Edition: London: Sage Publications.