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Page 1: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad
Page 2: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Potato Diseases A

Lecture To ToT trainees ( FFS) By

Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator

IPM KPK MINFAL Pakistan

Page 3: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad
Page 4: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad
Page 5: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Late Blight SymptomsOn potato tubers

Symptoms• : Infected potatoes have shallow, 

brownish or purplish lesions on the surface of the tuber. If you cut across the surface of these infected areas, you’ll see a reddish-brown, dry, granular rot that extends up to half an inch into the flesh. Late blight lesions can serve as pathways for other tuber diseases including bacterial soft rot to enter, so late blight symptoms can sometimes be obscured by symptoms of other diseases.

Page 6: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Late Blight SymptomsOn potato plants

Symptoms • On potato plants: Late blight lesions can occur on both 

leaves and stems. The first appearance of lesions commonly occurs after periods of wet weather. Black lesions appear within 3-7 days of infection of leaves. Under humid conditions, delicate, whitish growth (pathogen spores) are produced at the edge of the lesion, particularly on the underside of the leaf. Lesions turn brown when they dry up.  Active lesions are often surrounded by a halo of gray-green tissue. Once lesions dry up, the white spore masses will not be visible. To help identify late blight if outdoor conditions are not humid enough for spores to be produced, you can place suspect leaves or stems in a closed container with a damp paper towel. Check the leaves after about 12 hours to see if the delicate, white pathogen sporulation is visible on the tissue at the edge of the lesion. On stems, late blight causes brown, greasy looking lesions that frequently appear first at the junction between the stem and leaf, or at the cluster of leaves at the top of the stem.

Late blight lesions on potato stems.

Page 7: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Late Blight Late blight lesions on tomato leaflet.  

Late Blight on tomato fruit.

Page 8: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Early Blight Symptoms

• Dark lesions with yellow border which may form concentric rings of raised and sunken tissue on the leaves and stems; lesions initially circular but become angular; leaves become necrotic but remain attached to plant; dark, dry lesions on tubers with leathery or corky texture and watery yellow0green margins

• Cause• Fungus

Symptoms of early blight on potato foliage

Page 9: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Early Blight Close-up of leaf lesion caused by early blight

Destruction of potato plants by early blight

Page 10: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Verticillium wilt Verticillium dahliaeVerticillium albo-atrum

Symptoms

• Early death of plants; leaflets dying on only one side of the petiole or branching stem; cut through the stem reveals a discoloration of the tissue; discoloration of tubers at stem-end

• Cause• Fungi

Yellowing potato foliage caused by Verticillium infection

Page 11: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Black scurf & Rhizoctonia canker Rhizoctonia solani

Symptoms

• Flat, irregularly shaped black or dark brown fungal fruiting bodies on tuber surface; tubers may be mishapen; red-brown to black sunken lesions on sprouts; lesions may girdle the main stem causing leaves to curl and turn yellow

• Cause• Fungus

Death of potato plant due to infection with Rhizoctonia

Page 12: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Black scurf & Rhizoctonia cankerRhizoctonia solani

Potato tuber covered with fungal fruiting bodies

Potato tuber covered with fungal fruiting bodies

Page 13: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

LeakPythium spp.

• Light tan, water soaked area around wound on tuber; internal rotting of tuber which results in internal tissue becomes spongy and possibly developing cavities; dark, watery fluid exudes from the tuber when squeezed

• Cause• Fungi

• Symptoms

Page 14: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Pink rot Phytophthora erythroseptica

• Stunted plant growth; wilting leaves; dying leaves; marked tuber decay; dark brown eyes on tuber; cut tuber turns pink after 20-30 min air exposure, then turns brown and finally black

• Cause• Oomycete

• Symptoms

Page 15: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Black dotColletotrichum coccodes

• Small black dots (fungal fruiting bodies) on tubers, stolons and stems; roots may rot below ground; leaves may turn yellow and wilt; infection may cause defoliation

• Cause• Fungus

• Symptoms

Page 16: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Powdery scabSpongospora subterranea

Symptoms

• White to brown galls on the roots and stolon; raised pustules on tuber surrounded by potato skin; shallow depressions on tuber filled with brown spores

• Cause• Fungus

Page 17: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Common scabStreptomyces spp.

Symptoms

• Raised brown lesions on tubers with corky texture; deep, pitted brown or black lesions on tuber with straw-colored translucent tissue underneath

• Cause• Bacterium

Tubers showing symptoms of common scab

Page 18: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Blackleg (Soft rot) Erwinia carotovora

Symptoms

• Small, water-soaked lesions on base of stems originating from seed piece; lesions may enlarge to form a large extended lesion stretching from base of stem to canopy; tissue becomes soft and water-soaked and can be lighty brown to inky black in color; wilted, curled leaves which have a soft and slimy texture when wet

• Cause• Bacterium

Soft rot symptoms on potato tubers

Page 19: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Bacterial ring rot Clavibacter michiganensis

symptoms

• Wilting stems and leaves; dying leaves; lower leaves wilting first; ring of creamy yellow to brown rot visible when tuber is cut crossways

• Cause• Bacterium

Cross-section of infected potato tuber showing ring of discolored vascular tissue

Page 20: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Potato leaf roll Potato leafroll virus (PLRV)

Symptoms

• Young leaves rolled and yellow or pink; lower leaves have leathery texture and roll upward; necrotic netting in vascular tissue of tuber may be present; plant exhibits an upright growth habit and growth may be stunted

• Cause• Virus

Page 21: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Potato virus A Potato virus A (PVA)

• Mild mosaic pattern or mottling on leaves; severely infected plants may have alternating patches of yellow and dark green tissue; leaves may have a shiny appearance; stems bending outwards slightly

• Cause• Virus

• Symptoms

Page 22: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Potato virus X Potato virus X (PVX)

• Mild mosaic pattern on leaves; severely infected plants may be dwarved with smaller leaves; necrosis of plant tops and tubers may occur

• Cause• Virus

• Symptoms

Page 23: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

Potato virus Y Potato virus Y (PVY)

Symptoms

• Symptoms vary widely from mild mosaic of leaves to leaf necrosis and plant death depending on the variety of potato and the strain of the virus: leaves may turn yellow and drop from plant; symptoms may be present on only one shoot of the plant; plants with severe leaf necrosis may produce tubers with light brown rings on the skin

• Cause• Virus

Page 24: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad
Page 25: Potato diseases  A lecture on  ToT training of FFS  By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad