posture
TRANSCRIPT
POSTURESMs. Roma GandhiDr. BMN College of Home ScienceNAAC Accredited ‘A’ Grade CGPA 3.64/4UGC Status: College for Potential of ExcellenceINDIA
INTRODUCTIONThe word "posture" comes from the Latin verb "ponere" which is defined as "to put or place.“ The general concept of human posture refers to "the carriage of the body as a whole, the attitude of the body, or the position of the limbs (the arms and legs)."
ANATOMY OF SPINE
SPINAL CORD• The spine works as the main support for the
spinal cord and the nerve pathways that carry information from the arms, legs, and rest of the body, and carries signals from the brain to the body.
• There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves, which convey information about touch, pain, temperature, muscle tension and joint position.
SPINAL CORD CTD…
• Your back is composed of 33 bones called vertebrae, 31 pairs of nerves, 40 muscles and numerous connecting tendons and ligaments running from the base of your skull to your tailbone. Between your vertebrae are fibrous, elastic cartilage called discs. These "shock absorbers" keep your spine flexible and cushion the hard vertebrae as you move.
PHYSIOLOGY OF POSTURE
DIFFERENT TYPES OF POSTURES
LYING POSTURE• Lying prone results in a marked lordosis.
Lying supine results in anything from a modest lordosis to a marked kyphosis, depending on the nature of the supporting surface.
• Disc pressure is more higher in sideways lying than supine because the breadth of the shoulders and the hips causes side bending of the lumbar spine.
LYING POSTURE CTD.
• Lying with legs raised and supported so that both the hips and knees are flexed to about 45% is widely believed to be a good position for resting.
• It is sometimes called the “Semi – Flower Position”.
SITTING POSTURE• When seated, the main body’s support
structures are the spine, the pelvis, the legs and the feet.
• Sitting helps the operator to adopt a more stable posture which might help when performing tasks that require fine or precise movements, and it produces a better posture for foot control operations.
STANDING POSTURE• When allowed to behave normally, people do
not stand still for long – they sway back and forward, shift their weight from one leg to other, lean on things and so on.
• In prolonged standing, leg and other muscles are subjected to excessive static stress due to sustained contraction.
STANDING POSTURE CTD..
• Prolong standing cuts off the glucose and oxygen supply to the muscles and on the other hand, the return of blood from lower leg to the heart is impaired.
• Frequent changes in posture or walking (dynamic posture) helps the muscles to act as a pump which facilitates the blood to return to the heart.
SQUATTING POSTURE• To squat on your haunches so that the thighs meet
the abdominal wall, the knees have to be flexed fully, hips and lumbar spine.
WORKING POSTURE• A good working posture is one which can be
sustained with a minimum of static muscular effort – and in which it is possible to perform the task at hand more effectively and with least muscular effort.
• The working posture can either be sitting, standing, posture requiring head and neck movements, stooped posture, working with one arm raised, twisted postures and symmetric posture.
BASIC GUIDELINES CONCERNING WOLRKING
POSTURE• Avoid forward inclination of the head, neck and
trunk.
• Avoid required the upper limbs to be used in a raised position.
• Avoid twisted or asymmetrical postures.
BASIC GUIDELINES CONCERNING WOLRKING POSTURE
• Where possible, keep joints within the middle third of their range of motion.
• Provide an adequate back rest in seats and design the seat and workstation in such a way that the back rest can be used to full advantage.
SLIPPED DISC• A slipped disc is when the soft part of the disc bulges through
the circle of connective tissue.
• This prolapse may push on the spinal cord or on the nerve roots.
• The term 'slipped disc' does not really describe the process properly – the disc does not actually slip out of place, but bulges out towards the spinal cord.
SLIPPED DISC
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