Postgraduate Medical Journal

EditorA. A. G. LEWIS B.Sc. M.D. F.R.C.P.

Advisory Editorial BoardA. G. Apley F.R.C.S.D. Barltrop B.SC. M.D. M.R.C.P. D.C.H.E. H. Brown D.M. M.R.C.P. D.C.H.H. L. Cochrane F.R.C.S.J. 0. Craig F.R.C.S.I. D.M.R.D. F.F.R.M. Davidson D.M. F.R.C.P.H. Ellis M.A. D.M. F.R.C.S.J. P. Hopewell F.R.C.S.

D. G. James M.A. M.D. F.R.C.P.S. B. Karani D.P.H. F.R.C.P.C. E. Newman C.B.E. M.D. F.R.C.P.K. I. Nissen F.R.C.S.J. W. Paulley M.D. F.R.C.P.N. E. Stidolph F.R.C.S.P. K. Thomas B.SC. M.D. F.R.C.P.

Editorial Representative for U.S.A.D. Rabinowitz M.D. M.R.C.P. M.R.C.P.E.

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md

Editorial Representative for AushliaSir Clive Fitts M.D.(MELB.) F.R.C.P.(LOND.) F.R.A.C.P.

Editoril AssistantMrs M. E Coops B.SC.

Postgraduate Medical Journal is published monthlyfor the Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine byBlackwell Scientific Publications Ltd. The annualsubscription is 63s (510.00) post free, and the priceof single issues 10s 6d ($1.75) postage extra. Ordersfor back issues published up to December 1966 andcorrespondence from Fellows and Associates shouldbe sent to Mrs H. Seaman, Secretary, The Fellowshipof Postgraduate Medicine, 9 Great James Street,London, W.C.1 (tel: CHAncery 6900); other ordersand business correspondence should be addressedto Blackwell Scientific Publications Ltd, 5 AlfredStreet, Oxford (tel: Oxford 40201).

All editorial correspondence should be addressedto Dr A. A. G. Lewis, The Postgraduate MedicalJournal, 9 Great James Street, London, W.C.I(tel: CHAncery 6900).

Advertisement enquiries and bookings should beaddressed to S. & H. Fretwell Ltd, 267 PortlandRoad, London, S.E.25 (tel: ADDiscombe 8921/2).

The Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine wasfounded by a group of London consultants afterthe First World War to assist postgraduates,particularly those coming to London from theCommonwealth, to pursue their studies. TheFellowship first published the Postgraduate Medical

Journal to give information about lectures, con-ferences and courses and to provide a monthlyreview of all branches of medicine

Postgraduate Medical Journal publishes originalpapers on subjects of current clinical importanceand welcomes review articles with extensive, up-to-date bibliographies as guides to further reading.Several symposia are published every year, eachdevoted to a single subject and written, by invitation,by specialists in different disciplines. Every issueincludes authoritative Current Surveys of clinicalproblems, as well as well-documented Reports ofcases of particular interest, Book Reviews andPostgraduate News.A 'Notice to Contributors' is published on the

inside back cover of this issue. The Editor reservesthe right to make changes which may clarify orcondense papers where this is considered desirable.

© The contents of this Journal are copyright and,subject to the provisions of Section 7 of theCopyright Act, 1956, they may not be copied,adapted or reproduced without permission. Re-quests for permission to reproduce material else-where, either in whole or in part, should be addressedto the Editor, Postgraduate Medical Journal, 9Great James Street, London, W.C.1.

Posigrad. med. J. (September 1967) 43, 619-620.

Books receivedSurgery of the Staghorn Calculus. By J. P. MADDERN.

British Association of Urological Surgeons Prize Essay,1966. Pp. 39, illustrated. Reprinted from the BritishJournal of Urology, June 1967. Edinburgh and LondonE. & S. Livingstone. 1967. 10s 6d.

The Gross Anatomy of the Human Brain. A Manual ofDissection. By W. HEWITT. Pp. 170, illustrated. London:Pitman Medical. 1967. 30s.

Treatment of Common Skin Diseases. From the BritishMedical Journal. Pp. 116, illustrated. London : BritishMedical Association. 1967. 10s.

New Aspects of the Mental Health Services. Edited byH. FREEMAN and J. FARNDALE. The Westminster Series,No. 7. Pp. xvi+ 776. Oxford: Pergamon Press. 1967.£9 9s.

Hormone Chemistry. By W. R. BUTT. Pp. xiv+ 397,illustrated. London, New Jersey, Toronto: Van Nostrand.1967. 75s.

Studies of Rheumatoid Disease. Proceedings of the ThirdCanadian Conference on Research in the RheumaticDiseases, Toronto, 1965. Pp. xi+ 322, illustrated. Toronto:University Press. London: Oxford University Press. 1967.£7.

Myotatic, Kinesthetic and Vestibular Mechanisms. CibaFoundation Symposium. Edited by A. V. S. DE REUCKand J. KNIGHT. Pp. xi+ 331, illustrated. London:J. & A. Churchill. 1967. 65s.

Correlative Neuroanatomy and Functional Neurology. ByJ. G. CHUSID and J. J. McDONALD. 13th Edition.Pp. 432, illustrated. Los Altos, California: Lange MedicalPublications. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.1967, 50s.

Medical Research Council Annual Report, April 1966-March 1967. Pp. 366, illustrated. London: H.M.S.O.1967. £1 6s. 6d.

Antilymphocytic Serum. Edited by G. E. W. WOLSTENHOLMEand M. O'CONNOR. Ciba Foundation Study Group No.29. Pp. 165, illustrated. London: J. & A. Churchill.1967. 24s.

Scientiae Pharmaceuticae. Vols. I and II. Edited by0. HANC and J. HUBIK. Vol. I-Pp. 496, Vol. II-Pp. 639.Illustrated. Prague: Czechoslovak Medical Press. London:Butterworths. 1967. £10 10s.

ClinicalJudgment. By A. R. FEINSTEIN. Pp. 414. Baltimore:Williams & Wilkins. Edinburgh and London: E. & S.Livingstone. 1967. 76s.

The Connective Tissue. By 30 authors, edited by B. M.WAGNER and D. E. SMITH. International Academy ofSciences Monograph. Pp. xi+408, illustrated. Baltimore:Williams & Wilkins. Edinburgh and London: E. & S.Livingstone. 1967.

The Basal Ganglia and Posture. By J. P. MARTIN. Pp. xiii+152, illustrated. London: Pitman Medical. 1967. 80s.

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, Vol. 48. Editedby M. R. URIsT. Pp. ix+306, illustrated. London:Pitman Medical. 1967. 60s.

Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry. Edited by A. M.FREEDMAN and H. I. KAPLAN. Pp. xxv+ 1666, illustrated.Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. Edinburgh and London:E. & S. Livingstone. 1967. £9 18s.

Human Atheroma. With particular reference to endocrineaspects of aetiology. By W. L. ASHTON. Pp. 82. London:William Heinemann Medical Books. 1967. 21s.

The Year Book of Nuclear Medicine. Vol. 2-1967. Editedby J. L. QuiNN. Pp. 384, illustrated. Chicago: Year BookMedical Publishers. London: Lloyd-Luke. 1967. 75s.

Drug Responses in Man. Ciba Foundation volume edited byG. WOLSTENHOLME and R. PORTER. Pp. 257. London:J. & A. Churchill. 1967. 65s.

Practical Anaesthesia for Lung Surgery. By R. MANSFIELDand R. JENKINS. Pp. vi+ 193, illustrated. London:Bailli6re, Tindall & Cox. 1967. 50s.

Baby Gymnastics. By D. NEUMANN-NEURODE. Completelyrevised by W. KAISER. Pp. 39, illustrated. Oxford:Pergamon Press. 1967. ISs.

A Surgeon's Guide to Cardiac Diagnosis. Part II. TheClinical Picture. By D. N. Ross. Pp. viii+88, illustrated.Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer-Verlag. 1967.$6.00.

New EditionsGout. By J. H. Talbott. Third edition. Pp. 296. New Yorkand London: Grune & Stratton. 1967. $12.50.

Textbook of Gynaecology. By J. I. BREWER and E. J. DECOSTA. Fourth edition. Pp. xxviii+918, illustrated.Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 1967.

Book reviewsCurrent Concepts of Clinical Gastroenterology

Ed. by J. R. GAMBLE and D. L. WILBUR. Pp. xiii+282, illustrated. Boston: Little, Brown; London:J. & A. Churchill. 1965. 80s.

Containing selected articles from the proceedings of apostgraduate course on gastroenterology held at Universityof California, this book provides authoritative commentby experts on a wide variety of recent developments ingastroenterology.Both clinical investigator and basic scientist have contri-

buted to this 'pot-pourri' of interesting topics which include,amongst many others, gastric secretion (J. N. Hunt)ulcerogenic pancreatic tumours (E. H. Ellison), gastro-intestinal hormones (panel discussion - M. I. Grossman),gastro-intestinal manifestations of connective tissue disease(A. I. Mendeloff), autoimmunity and the liver (L. G.Bartholomew), hepatic circulation (S. Sherlock), and thedeleterious effect of drugs on the gastro-intestinal tract (J.L.A. Roth).There is information here for all gastroenterologists.

Physiology of the Digestive TractBy H. W. DAVENPORT. Pp. 230, illustrated. Chicago:Year Book Medical Publishers. London: Lloyd-Luke(Medical Books). 2nd edition. 1966. 64s.

H. W. Davenport's high standing as a physiologist,investigator and teacher, is confirmed by this fascinatingand informative text. In turn he covers the functions ofpropulsion, secretion and absorption in the intestinal tract,studied progressively from mouth to anus. Each sectioncontains a mine of information - carefully sifted from themass of scientific knowledge Davenport obviously has at hiscommand. Because of this knowledge he can write dog-matically when the evidence is not in doubt, yet leave theway open for hypothesis and conjecture when this isincomplete. It is thus an ideal postgraduate textbook.As his centre of reference for this text, Davenport takes

the function of the human gastro-intestinal tract: and thisis what the book is about. It is thus a valuable text andreference book for the student of human gastroenterology,providing a strong base-line for the subsequent study of

Postgrad. med. J. (September 1967) 43, 621-624.

Postgraduate news

FELLOWSHIP OF POSTGRADUATE MEDICINEThe Fellowship usually holds the following courses

each year (approximate dates and times in parentheses):Medicine (M.R.C.P.)General Medicine. Connaught, London Chest, Whipps CrossHospitals (four weeks, twice yearly, April/May, October/November), St Stephen's Hospital (evenings, four weeks,twice yearly). Whittington Hospital (evenings, five weeks,twice yearly, May/June, October/November). Queen Mary'sHospital for the East End (weekend, twice yearly, June,December). Ashford Hospital, Middlesex (two Saturdays,twice yearly, May, November).Infectious Diseases. Hither Green Hospital (weekend, twiceyearly, March/November).Paediatrics (D.C.H.). Princess Louise Kensington Hospital(weekend, twice yearly, March, September/October).Surgery (F.R.C.S.)General Surgery. Connaught Hospital (weekend, twiceyearly, April, September/October). Queen Mary's Hospitalfor the East End (weekend, once yearly, February). RoyalMarsden Hospital (twice yearly, March, September).General Surgery and Orthopaedics. Fulham Hospital (threeweeks, evenings, twice yearly, March/April, September/October).Orthopaedics. Rowley Bristow Hospital, Pyrford (threealternate weekends, twice yearly, March/Aprit, September/October).Plastic Surgery. Queen Mary's Hospital, Roehampton(weekend, twice yearly, February, September).Clinical Attachments. A limited number of clinical attach-ments in General Medicine will be available shortly atBethnal Green Hospital for periods of up to 2 months,fee 4 guineas per week. Further details available from thesecretary.

Current CoursesGeneral Surgery (F.R.C.S.). Fulham Hospital. 2 to 20October. Weekday evenings. Fee £18 18s.

General Surgery (F.R.C.S.). Connaught Hospital. Weekend21, 22 October. Fee £5 5s.

General Medicine (M.R.C.P.). Ashford Hospital. Saturdays18 and 25 November. Fee £5 5s.

General Medicine (M.R.C.P.). Whittington Hospital.23 October to 24 November. Weekday evenings andSaturday afternoons. Fee £29 8s.

General Medicine (M.R.C.P.). Connaught, London Chestand Whipps Cross Hospitals. Full time 30 October to24 November. Fee £31 10s.Please note that instruction arranged by the Fellowship ofPostgraduate Medicine is open only to Associates (annualsubscription, 21s). Detailed syllabuses are published approxi-mately 4-6 weeks before courses begin and are circlated toall Assodates. No entries to courses can be accepted inadvance of the syllabus being published.Information regarding courses can be obtainedfrom the officebetween 10 a.m. and 5 p.m., Mondays to Fridays (Telephone242-6900), or by writing to the Secretary, Fellowshipof Postgraduate Medicine, 9 Great James Street, London,W.C.1.

THE COMMONWEALTH AND INTERNATIONALMEDICAL ADVISORY BUREAUXThe Bureaux are maintained by the British Medical Associ-ation to provide a personal advisory service to doctorsvisiting the United Kingdom from all parts of the world.General information, as well as that on postgraduateeducation and accommodation is given.All enquiries should be addressed to the Medical Director,Commonwealth and International Medical Advisory Bureaux,British Medical Association, Tavistock Square, London,W.C.1.

CAMBRIDGECambridge University Postgraduate Medical SchoolA summary of postgraduate facilities available at Adden-brooke's Hospital from October to July can be obtained fromthe Secretary of the Medical School, Tennis Court Road,Cambridge. Arrangements can be made for practitioners toattend the practice of the Teaching Hospital Group forshort or long periods.

Postgraduate CoursesCambridgeThe annual course on the 'Biology of Skin' will be held

from 11 to 16 December 1967. Courses in 'Geriatrics' willbe held from 18 to 22 March 1968, and in 'Paediatrics' on8, 9 and 10 April 1968. The third course on 'Progress in theBiological Sciences in relation to Dermatology' will be heldfrom 23 to 28 September 1968. Accommodation will beprovided in Colleges of the University for each of thesecourses.An advanced medicine course is held on Tuesdays at 2.15

p.m. intended primarily for M.R.C.P. candidates, but opento all who are interested. Surgical tutorials are held onSaturday mornings during term.Two 1-week refresher courses for General Practitioners

will be held from 1-6 July and 8-13 July 1968, accom-modation for which will be available in Downing College.One-day symposia on subjects of interest to general prac-titioners are held at 3-4 week intervals throughout theacademical year; Saturday 11 November Haematology,Sunday 19 November Cardio-vascular and RespiratoryConditions (at Papworth), Saturday 25 November Neurologyand Neurological Surgery.The Thursday Lunch Club, attended by hospital staff as wellas general practitioners, meets at Addenbrooke's Hospitalon the first and third Thursdays each month. A buffetlunch is served from 12.30 to 1.15 p.m. followed from 1.15to 2.15 p.m. by a discussion or case-conference.

IpswichAt the Anglesea Road Wing, East Suffolk and IpswichHospital, Clinical Society Meetings will be held on thesecond Wednesday of the month at 8.30 p.m. from Novemberto May (except in December). 'Friday Club' DiscussionGroups for General Practitioners take place on the first andthird Fridays each month from 15 September until 19 Julybetween 1.45 and 2.45 p.m., preceded by buffet lunch at I p.m.Half-day symposia will be held on I December and 1 March1.45-5.0 p.m. Introductory Course in Family Psychiatry1-5 April 1968.

Bury St. EdmundsClinical Meetings, Clinico-Pathological Conferences, andScientific Tea Meetings are held regularly at4he West SuffolkHospital. Lunch-time forums, preceded by buffet luncheon12.30-1.15 p.m., are held on alternate first Tuesdays (5

Postgraduate news

September) and Fridays (6 October) throughout the year.Teaching ward-rounds, a resident obstetric course, and otherpostgraduate classes, demonstrations and journal clubmeetings are available. A 1-day symposium on 'EarlyDiagnosis in General Practice' will be held on Sunday 8October. Detailed time-tables are available from theClinical Tutor.

Norfolk and NorwichA 1-day symposium 'Pitfalls in Rheumatic Disease' will beheld on Sunday 23 September at St. Michael's Hospital,Aylsham.Detailed time-tables of the clinical meetings, courses andother educational arrangements may be obtained from theClinical Tutor, Norfolk and Norwich Institute for MedicalEducation, Norfolk and Norwich Hospital.

ElyHalf-day ward-rounds and Colloquia for general practitionersare held at the R.A.F. Hospital, Ely at 10.30 a.m. on Sundays8 October, 12 November, 10 December, 11 February,10 March and 12 May.

King's LynnA 1-day symposium on 'Practical Aspects of Abortion LawReform' will be held on Sunday 3 December.

PeterboroughLunch-time Clinical Meetings are held on the first andthird Tuesdays in the month at the Peterborough MemorialHospital.

Cambridge University Medical SchoolA 1-day symposium on 'Old Age and Anaesthesia' will beheld at Addenbrooke's Hospital on Saturday 28 October1968. Open to Anaesthetists of all grades and members ofother departments will be very welcome to attend. Course fee£1 l s. Charge for buffet lunch at the Hospital 6s. 6d.Apply Secretary, The Medical School, Tennis Court Road,Cambridge.

INSTITUTE OF DERMATOLOGYSt. John's Hospital for Diseases of the SkinThe object of the Institute is to provide postgraduatetraining and to develop research in dermatology.The main course of instruction is a three-term programme,starting in October, which covers the whole syllabus for theUniversity of London's Academic Postgraduate Diplomain Dermatolo&.- the^examination for which is held in July.It comprises clinical instruction in the daily out-patientclinics, lectures, tutorials and practical work in the variouslaboratories.Among the many research laboratories in the Institute arethe Departments of Bacteriology, Histochemistry, Histo-pathology, Immunology, Medical Mycology and Photo-biology.Aids to teaching include a collection of photographs,moulages and audio-visual aids which are to be found inthe Department of Medical Illustration.

UNIVERSITY OF EXETERPostgraduate Medical InstituteA full-time postgraduate course lasting 10 weeks will beginon the 2 October 1967: These courses are held three timesa year starting in October, January and April. They areintended to meet the needs of both overseas graduates andBritish medical practitioners. For overseas graduates theyprovide an introductory course to British Hospital Practicebefore proceeding to hospital posts in the National HealthService or to specialized instruction for a postgraduatediploma elsewhere. For British graduates they provide arefresher course which is suitable for those returning from

overseas or from H.M. Forces, for married women graduatesreturning to active practice, or for general practitioners whoare prepared to undertake extended postgraduate courses ofthis nature. It is sometimes possible to accept generalpractitioners for 1 or 2 weeks of a course and attendancefor this period is recognized by the Ministry under Section48 of the N.H.S. Act (1946).Each course includes instruction in general medicine,paediatrics, preventive medicine, pathology, psychiatry,orthopaedics and general surgery. The programme isplanned so that students wishing to specialize in a particularclinical subject are given facilities to do so, while otherstudents receive teaching in each of the main clinicaldepartments.Unpaid clinical attachments can be arranged at the endof the course for students requiring a longer period oftraining.Further particulars and application forms for these coursesare obtainable from the Director, Postgraduate MedicalInstitute, The University, Exeter, Devon.

LIVERPOOLUniversity of Liverpool. Full-time courses are held inSurgery, Orthopaedic Surgery, Radio-diagnosis, Radio-therapy, Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Hygiene,Anaesthesia and Venereology.Part-time courses are held in Medicine, PsychologicalMedicine, Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Child Health, Obstetricsand Gynaecology.After fulfilling the regulations, candidates may becomeeligible to take the degrees of Ch.M., M.Ch.Orth., andM.Ch.Otol., and the Liverpool Diplomas, D.P.H., D.P.M.,D.T.M. & H., D.M.R.(D) or D.M.R.(T.).The other courses are designed for students working forthe London Diplomas.Further information may be obtained from the Heads of theappropriate departments of The University, Liverpool 3.

OXFORDUniversity of Oxford. Enquiries about research and specialisttraining attachments may be addressed to the head of therelevant clinical or laboratory department in one of theteaching hospitals (United Oxford Hospitals, NuffieldOrthopaedic Centre, Warneford and Littlemore Hospitals)or to the Director of Postgraduate Medical Studies. Enquiriesabout study days and weekly classes at Oxford for M.R.C.P.,F.R.C.S., M.R.C.O.G., F.F.A., D.P.M., D.M.R. candidatesfrom the Oxford region, general practitioner refreshercourses, resident obstetric and other clinical attachments, tothe Director of Postgraduate Medical Studies, Osler House,43 Woodstock Road, Oxford, from whom also informationabout the Medical Centres at Aylesbury, Kettering,Northampton, Reading, Swindon and Wycombe may beobtained.

GLASGOWSurgery. An intensive course of instruction in the basicsciences suitable for candidates preparing for the PrimaryFellowship Examination in Surgery is held from October toDecember. A modified form of the course is available forcandidates preparing for the D.A. or F.F.A. examinations.Fee £30.Surgery. A short course intended to review certain develop-ments in surgery is held in March. The course is suitable forcandidates preparing for final Surgical Fellowship examin-ations or as a refresher course for established surgeons.Fee £15 15s.Anaesthetics. A course for specialist anaesthetists and forthose preparing for the final part of the F.F.A.R.C.S. willbe held in May. Fee £10 10s.Medicine. An intensive course on Recent Advances inClinical Medicine suitable for candidates preparing for the

622

Postgraduate news

Membership Examination is held twice annually for afortnight in March and September. Fee £15 lSs.Geriatrics. A course for trainee specialists in GeriatricMedicine or General Practitioners in charge of geriatric bedsin hospitals is held in May. Fee £5 5s.Child Health. A formal course held in May and Novemberfor those preparing for the D.C.H. and M.R.C.P. with ChildHealth as a special subject. Fee £15 15s.Obstetrics. An intensive week's course of instruction inobstetrics for those preparing for the D.Obst.R.C.O.G. heldin September. Fee £7 10s.Mental Deficiency. An intensive course in Mental Deficiencyis held for 3 weeks in October. The course includes lecturesand demonstrations in mental handicap and deficiency,instruction in mental testing and visits to institutions.Fee £18.Introduction to Psychiatry. An intensive course providing ageneral introduction to psychiatry is held for 3 weeks inNovember. The course includes theoretical and clinicalinstruction in child psychiatry and psychology and adultpsychiatry. It is particularly suitable for medical officersconcerned with public health. Fee £18.Psychological Medicine. A course for clinicians and traineepsychiatrists preparing for the D.P.M. Part I is held fromJanuary to March. Fee £20.Steroid Endocrinology. A course for clinicians and hospitallaboratory workers with special interest in Endocrinologyand for those in general medicine who wish to have a betterunderstanding of treatment with steroid hormones is held inSeptember. Fee £15.Diagnostic Virology. A course for experienced laboratoryworkers who wish to develop diagnostic virology forepidemiological purposes in this country and abroad is heldin March. Fee £25.Histopathology of the Skin. A course for pathologists andthose with some training in pathology is held for 1 week inMarch. Fee £7 10s.Forensic Medicine. A postgraduate course in the UniversityDepartment of Forensic Medicine is held for 10 weeks fromApril to June. Fee £15.Clinical Attachments. A scheme for clinical attachments ingeneral medicine, general surgery and various specialitieshas been arranged to assist those working for higherqualifications. An attachment may be started at any time.No formal instruction is given, but participants can gainintensive clinical experience by following the day-to-daywork of a unit in a Glasgow teaching hospital. Fee £5 permonth. Registration Fee £1 ls.Teaching Ward Rounds. Each academic term a course of tenteaching ward rounds in Medicine is arranged. Theseoccupy one afternoon a week. Fee £8 8s.Radiology. A course in radiological interpretation forclinicians. Lecture demonstrations on alternate Tuesdays inconjunction with Teaching Ward Rounds. Fee £5 5s.GENERAL PRACTITIONER COURSESTwo Refresher Courses for general practitioners are heldannually - for a fortnight in May and a week in September.Two-week postgraduate residencies are available continuous-ly in maternity hospitals in the Western Region.Clinical Attachments - continuous. Full-time or part-timeattachments to hospital teaching units to enable GeneralPractitioners to increase their experience and keep up to datewith recent trends and advances. Fee £1 5s. per week forfull-time attachment.Extended Courses and 1-day course covering selected topicsin general subjects or the specialties held in teaching hospitalsin Glasgow and principal hospitals in other parts of theWestern Region. Meetings are generally hold on Sundays

from October to May and are arranged by the West ofScotland Faculty of the College of General Practitionersfrom whom full details are available.Full-time Course. The Board offers full-time postgraduatecourses in Radiology (2 years) and Radiotherapy (2 years).The University offers full-time postgraduate courses leadingto the following diplomas:Diploma in Public Health (1 year)Diploma in Clinical Psychology (2 years).

Conferences. Specialist conferences on various topics areheld twice a year in the Hall of the Royal College ofPhysicians and Surgeons. In these, invited guests and localspeakers discuss current topics and time is provided foraudience participation. These conferences are designedparticularly for consultants and registrars.Further information and application forms can be obtainedfrom the Director of Postgraduate Medical Education, TheUniversity, Glasgow, W.2.

NEWCASTLE UPON TYNECourses of three to four sessions in various Medical andSurgical subjects on a weekly sessional basis during term-time.Suitable for those preparing for a higher qualification.Clinical attachments, full-time or part-time, throughout theyear. £5 per month.Attachments of 1 or 2 weeks for general practitioners inGeneral Medicine, Dermatology, Obstetrics, Paediatrics,Psychiatry, Geriatrics and other subjects by arrangement.Recognized under Section 48 of the N.H.S. Act.Further detailsfrom the Postgraduate Sub-Dean, Organizationfor Postgraduate Medical Education, The Medical School,The University, Newcastle upon Tyne.University courses for postgraduate diplomas. D.P.M. andD.P.H. Further details from the Assistant Registrar,Medical School, The University, Newcastle upon Tyne.

ROYAL NORTHERN HOSPITALA 2-day Symposium on Clinical Immunology for GeneralPractitioners will be held at the Royal Northern Hospitalon Thursday, 16 November and Friday, 17 November.The Symposium will include case presentations and modernmethods of diagnosis and treatment of diseases associatedwith immunological aspects; and also clinical case presen-tations to demonstrate how lung, liver, kidney and spleeninvolvement may be recognized.Further details from: The Dean, Royal Northern Hospital,London, N.7 (Archway 7777).

POSTGRADUATE COURSE IN DUBLINThe Royal College of Physicians of Ireland in conjunctionwith Trinity College, Dublin, University College, Dublin,and the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland will hold a6-week course in Postgraduate Clinical Medicine togetherwith Clinical Pathology and Clinical Radiology beginningon Monday, 2 October 1967. Fee for course £30. Enrolmentfee £3 3s (non-returnable).Applications for enrolment accompanied by fee of £3 3sshould be sent to the Registrar, The Royal College ofPhysicians of Ireland, 6 Kildare Street, Dublin 2.

THE BRITISH CLUB FOR SURGERYOF THE HANDThe British Club for Surgery of the Hand will hold anInstructional Course in Hand Surgery at the London Hospitalon Friday, 17 November 1967 from 9.30 a.m. to 5.0 p.m.The Programme will consist of Lectures, Films andDemonstrations in the technical aspects of Examination,Diagnosis and Treatment in Hand Surgery.Further particulars may be obtained from the HonorarySecretary, Mr H. Graham Stack, F.R.C.S., Westhay,Mount Avenue, Hutton, Essex.

623

Postgraduate news

THE ROYAL COLLEGEOF GENERAL PRACTITIONERSMedical Recording ServiceKitts Croft, Writtle, Chelmsford, Essex. (Tel. Writtle 316)Selection of titles available on tape (5 in reels running at31 ips). These talks may be borrowed by any doctor any-where in the world.67-17 Haemoglobin-Dr Herman Lehmann

37 min. 22 slides (Basic Medicine Series)67-20 The Control of Typhoid Fever-Dr Ian Taylor

38 min.67-22 Solitary Nodules in the Thyroid Gland-Dr H. B.

Young 17 min.67-23 Medical Negligence-Dr J. Leahy Taylor

37 min.67-24 Glomerulonephritis-Dr J. S. Cameron

70 min. (in two parts) 31 slides67-25 Myleoproliferative Diseases-Dr S. M. Lewis

30 min. 29 slides (From Royal PostgraduateMedical School)

67-32 Children and Death-Dr Simon Yudkin40 min.

BRITISH ASSOCIATION OF MANIPULATIVEMEDICINECourses in Manipulative Techniques for Medical Practitioners1967-68(1) Manipulation in General Practice weekend course in

four parts: 30 September, 25 November, 27 January,16 March.

(2) Orthopaedic Medicine:Eight Tuesday evenings from 9 January 1968.

(3) Para-osteopathic Methods:Eight Monday evenings from 2 October 1967.

Further particulars and application forms from Hon. Sec.BAMM, 3 Arundel Terrace, Brighton 7, Sussex. Earlyapplication is advised.

ANGLO-FRENCH EXCHANGE BURSARIESAs announced in the August issue short-term grants forwork in France are offered again this year to British doctorsand medical research workers by the Institut National de laSante et de la Recherche Medicale, Paris.Details and application forms can be obtained from theDirector, Ciba Foundation, 41 Portland Place. London, W, 1.The closing date is 15 October 1967.

624

Postgraduate Medical Journal: Notice to ContributorsTypescnpts (two complete copies) should be sent tothe Editor, Dr A. A. G. Lewis, Postgraduate MedicalJournal, 9 Great James Street, London, W.C.I.Papers should be typewritten on one side of thepaper only, with a 1 inch margin, and the linesshould be double-spaced. In addition to the title ofthe paper there should be a 'running title' (for pageheadings) of not more than 45 letters (includingspaces). The paper should bear the name of theauthor(s) with their degrees and descriptions and ofthe laboratory or research institute where the workhas been carried out. The full postal address of theprincipal author should be given as a footnote. (Theproofs will be sent to this author and address unlessotherwise indicated).

Arrangement. Papers should normally be dividedinto: (a) Introduction; (b) Materials and methods;(c) Results, as concise as possible (both tables andfigures illustrating the same data will rarely bepermitted); (d) Discussion and conclusions; (e)Summary, brief, self-contained and embodying themain conclusions; (f) Acknowledgments; (g)References.

References. Only papers closely related to theauthor's work should be included; exhaustive listsshould be avoided. References should be made bygiving the author's surname, with the year of publi-cation in parentheses. When reference is made to awork by three authors all names should be givenwhen cited for the first time, and thereafter only thefirst name, adding et al., e.g. Smith et al. (1958).The 'et al.' form should always be used for worksby four or more authors. If several papers by thesame author and from the same year are cited, a, b,c, etc., should be put after the year of publication,e.g. Smith et al. (1958a). All references should bebrought together at the end of the paper in alpha-betical order. References to articles and papersshould mention (a) names(s) of the author(s); (b) yearof publication in parentheses; (c) title of paper;(d) title ofjournal, underlined, abbreviated accordingto World Medical Periodicals (3rd edn, WorldMedical Association); (e) volume number; numberof first page of article. References to books andmonographs should include (a) name(s) and initialsof author(s) or editor(s); year of publication inparentheses; (b) title, underlined; (c) edition;(d) page referred to; (e) publisher; (f) place.

Standard usage. The Concise Oxford EnglishDictionary is used as a reference for all spelling andhyphenation. Verbs which contain the suffix ize (ise)and their derivatives should be spelt with the z.Statistics and measurements should always be givenin figures, i.e. 10 min, 20 hr, 5 ml, except where thenumber begins the sentence. When the number doesnot refer to a unit of measurement, it is spelt out

except where the number is greater than onehundred.

Abbreviations. Abbreviations for some of thecommoner units are given below. The abbreviationfor the plural of a unit is the same as that for thesingular unless confusion is likely to arise.

gram(s) g second(s) seckilogram(s) kg cubic millimetre(s) mm3milligram(s) millimetre(s) mm

(10-3 g) mg centimetre(s) cmmicrogram(s) millicurie(s) mCi

(l-6 g) pg millilitre(s) mlnanogram(s) pound(s) lb

(I0-9 g) ng milliequivalent mEqpicogram(s)

(lr-12 g) pg RF values RFhour(s) hrminute(s) min gravitational accelerationg

micron(s)per cent

A'

Example: mg/100 ml, for biochemical values; mEq/l.

Figures. In the text these should be given Arabicnumbers, e.g. Fig. 3. They should be marked onthe backs with the name(s) of the author(s) andthe title of the paper. Where there is any possibledoubt as to the orientation of a figure the top shouldbe marked with an arrow. Each figure must beara reference corresponding to a similar number inthe text. Photographs and photomicrographsshould be unmounted glossy prints and should notbe retouched. Line diagrams should be on separatesheets; they should be drawn with black Indianink on white paper and should be about four timesthe area of the final reproduction. Lines and letteringshould be of sufficient thickness and size to standreduction to one-half or one-third. Letters andnumbers must be written lightly in pencil. When-ever possible, the originals of line diagrams, preparedas described above, should be submitted and notphotographs. The legends of all the figures shouldby typed together on a single sheet of paper headed'Legends to Figures.'Tables. There should be as few tables as possibleand these should include only essential data; thedata should not be crowded together. The mainheading should be in capitals with an Arabicnumber, e.g. TABLE 2. Each table must have a cap-tion in small letters. Vertical lines should not be used.Page proofs will be submitted to the contributorsfor minor corrections and should be returned tothe Editor within 3 days. Major alterations to thetext cannot be accepted.Offprints. These may be purchased if ordered onthe form which will be sent to the senior author withthe proofs.