Possibilities and the Requirements for SFC and RIBLL-1

久保野　茂　（ Kubono, Shigeru）蘭州、理研 , 東京大学1. Report on the workshop in October 20122. Possibilities of developments3. Feasibilities Technology, budget, manpower

HIRFL-RIBLL 合作体第一次会議紀要

July 2012

RIBLL 工作列表1. 实时测磁系统（今年夏季安装 ,26 万）2. 实验室休息室改造（今年夏天， 22 万）3. T1 前安装位置探测器（今年实施）4. 步进电机改造 （询价）5. 获取系统升级（ VME ） 200 万

1. VME 获取系统，李智焕，林承键，韩建龙，阎喆2. 电缆，信号线，杨彦云6. 电源： D3D4 是否可以分开，或者 D41 改成双向电源， T0 前 Y 方向矫正铁电源改双向 ~100 万 王建松，白真

RIBLL 工作列表7. 气体探测器：联络人：马朋

1. PPAC ：位置探测，何建军，李智焕，马朋 6 个2. MUSIC ： dE ，方德清，苏俊，李智焕，张高龙，马朋

8. RIBLL 网站：实验安排，束流情况， LISE 配置文件，工作组会议安排。。。9. 0 度角磁谱仪：王建松，娄建玲，林承键，方德清 , 苏俊10. T2 束流传输：11. Gamma 工作组：柳敏良，何建军，华辉，王友宝，竺礼华，范功涛，孙宝华，符长波12. TPC ：符长波，王宏伟

Workshop on Low-Energy RI Beams and the Physics

[1] Physics with Low Energy RI Beamsa. Structure of unstable nuclei - interactions, halo nature, deformations b. Reactions of unstable nucleic. Nuclear astrophysics - explosive nucleosynthesis, np-process, - SNeI, SNeII, d. Fundamental physics

Some are running well, Some are trying better,Some will start soon, . .

Install pressure & temperature sensor at T0 chamber

new chamber

T2 chamber

Slit motor

Vacuum pump

Air operated valve system

1 . 狭缝和靶位步进电机控制： orient 5 phase driver (UDK511NW2) 、 EM4000 控制方式：远程控制2 . 气动阀控制系统：分子泵入口、新靶室入口（需要逻辑控制：如果靶室真空下降为下限自动关闭阀门） 控制方式：现场控制 + 远程控制3 . 压力传感器、温度传感器数据采集系统4 . 靶室安装：靶室底部安装轮子和固定装置，顶部安装移动靶室盖子的支架和滑轮

Pressure sensor

Workshop on Low-Energy RI Beams and the Physics[2] Technologiesa. Facility - primary beam intensities - primary beam emittance - time structure - non-destructive beam monitor - parasite operation (slow)b. Separator - high-power production target (rotating?) - cryogenic production target - high power beam stopper FC - small higher-order aberration - transmission eff. T1 -> T2 - high rate RI beam monitor – PPAC, MCP, Diamond det.. - purifier – Wien filter, RF deflector - focal plane detector chamber - analyzer magnet for reaction study

c. Detectors – Si, gas detector, TPC, fast monitor detector, multi-event , large DW, d. Electronics, DAQ

Workshop on Low-Energy RI Beams and the Physics

[2] Technologies - continues

c. Detectors - CRIB2 chamber – will be shipped this month - strip Si, solenoid,

- gas detector, - TPC, d. Electronics, DAQ – VME

Workshop on Low-Energy RI Beams and the Physics

Let’s continue this activities !

We have good chances to make next generation RIB systems (3.5 generation) in Asia by Asian collaborations.

We may begin to exchange ideas, and begin to collaborate on - Developing common technologies,- Developing common research interest

* Our collaboration will contribute to develop mutually respective, peaceful region in Asia.

Possible Nuclear Astrophysics Experiments at RIBLL-1

1. p & a resonant elastic-scattering studies (also for cluster physics)

2. Direct measurement of stellar (p, a) or (a, p) reaction cross sections under explosive conditions.

He, Jianjun, Kubono, Shigeru

np-process in SNeII

without n with n

Extremely high flux of n induces proton-rich environmentin the very early stage of SNeII ne+n⇔p+e-

ne+p⇔n+e+

＊ Wanajo, Janka, Kubono, Astrophys. J. 729 (2011) 46

pp-Chain

CNO

初期

天体

で

観測

され

た元

素

3α-process

Termination

High Temperature Hydrogen Burning

・ X-ray bursts・ np-process

CNO⇒ NeNa

pp⇒CNO

Waiting/bottleneck

p-nucleusproduction

ap process: 26Al

64Ge, 68Se, 72Kr

96Ru(5.5%)92Mo (14.8%)

44Ti

PA

Ge

CRIB

CNS-BTCSM

AVF/HyperECR+SuperECR

RIBF

AVF-BT

(Under CNS-RIKEN joint venture)

CNS Facilities at RIKEN

AVF Upgrade Project

AVF

HyperECR

BT

PA

AVF Upgrade Project 　　

CRIB

+Super ECR+ beam scan system

+flat-top+K=45 => K=79+New central inflector+ H=1, 3+ Deflector monitor

+LiqN-cooling target+ Multipole-mag.+Window-less target

+Beam emittance monitors

+ Non-destructive beam monitor

Ion Beam Intensity Charged Material (eA)

6,7Li3+ 75→ 34 Li pure (crucible)24Mg8+ 30→ 45 Mg pure(crucible)28Si9+ 32→ 35 SiO2 (rod)32S9+ 47 S pure (crucible)

40Ca12+ 25 CaO (rod)56Fe15+ 7→ 15 FeO (rod)59Co15+ 7→ 15→ 20 Co pure (rod)87Rb20+ 1.2 RbCl (crucible)

　　昨年度開発イオンビームIon Energy I36 C01 C01/I36

(MeV/u) (eμA) (eμA) (%)7Li3+ 8.6 28.2 6.2 2.2→ 22

22Ne７+ 6.25 14 5.88 35.4→ 4224Mg8+ 7.5 10 3.2 30→ 3228Si9+ 6.9 18 2.2 4.5→ 12.2

56Fe15+ 5.01 4.8 1.2 22→ 2587Rb20+ 5.45 1.2 0.13 4.5→ 10.8

◆ サイクロトロン高度化効果　・実験供給イオンビーム増強 ・イオンビーム透過効率最大 42%　 （ C01/I36 ）

◆ 重イオン増強の可能性　・ RF 系改造⇒電力倍増

◆ 蒸発機構の改良効果　・大強度安定金属ビーム達成　・新ビーム　 32S9+ 40Ca12+ 87Rb20+

・生成困難な極端融点試料制御　 S 粒 ( 融点 :115℃) 　 CaO rod ( 融点 :2572℃)

2011

18

Q

RI Beam

FromRIKEN AVFCyclotron

F1: MomentumDispersiveFocal Plane

- Momentum Slit- Degrader (thin foil)

F2:AchromaticFocal Plane

Experimental setup

F0: Production TargetGas target with window foils

0 5 m

F2

Degrader

Productiontarget

From AVF

F3

F1

F0

Wien Filter● RIB ~ 103-8 pps at F3● DE/E ~ 0.5 – 1 %● Purity ~ 90 - 100 %

CRIB; Low-Energy In-Flight RI Beam Separator at CNS

Liquid N target

7Be ~ 3x108 achieved ! with 1.8 pA

Excitation function ~11C(a,p)14N~

3 GK1.5 GK

5 GK

Low energy run High energy run

Direct measurement of 11C(a,p)14N cross sections

Very few data for (a,p) !

(Hayakawa)

Physics motivations

11C 12C 13C

13N 14N 15N12N

16O 17O 18O

9C 10C

11N

15O14O

19F18F17F

20Ne21Ne22Ne19Ne18Nestable

unstable

hot-CNO 12C(p, γ)13N(p, γ)14O(b)14N(p, g)15O(b)15N(p, a)12C

second hot CNO cycle14O(α, p)17F(p, γ)18Ne(b)18F(p, α)15O(b)15O(p, α)12C

18Ne(α, p)21Na

We need the information of reaction cross sections at Ecm = 0.5 - 3.8 MeV which corresponds to T = 0.6 - 3 GK.

22Na22Na23Na21Na20Na

The 18Ne(a, p)21Na reaction is important for break-out to the rp-process from the hot-CNO cycles, which converts the initial CNO elements into

heavier elements.

A: hot-CNOB: second hot-CNOC: 18Ne(a, p)21NaD: 18Ne(2p, g)20MgE: 15O(2p, g)17F

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 25 (1999)R133

17Ne

X-ray bursts

Previous Works

Gam

ow p

eak

regi

on

at T

= 0

.6- 3

GK

Ex (MeV) Jπ Gp (keV) Ref

8.203(23) (1+,2+,3+)b 34 [5], [6], [7], [8]

8.290(40) (1+,2+,3+)b 53 [4], [8]

8.396(15) [5], [6]

8.547(18) (1-,2-,3-)b, 2+ 40(7) [4], [5], [7], [8]

8.613(20) 3- a, (2+) b 27(7) [5], [6], [7], [8]

8.754(15) 4+ a [5], [6], [7]

8.925(19) 3- a [5], [7]

9.066(18) [5]

(9.172(23)) [5],[7]

(9.248(20)) [5]

9.329(26) [5]

(9.387(22)) [7]

(9.452(21)) [5]

9.533(24) [5], [7]

9.638(21) 3- a [5], [7]

9.712(21) 2+ a [5]

9.746(10) [7]

9.827(44) 0+ a [5], [7]

9.924(28) (2, 3, 4)+ [5], [7], [9]

10.078(24) [7]

10.190(29) [5]10.297(25) (2, 3, 4)+ [5], [7], [9]

10.429(26) [5], [7]

10.570(25) [2],[5],

10.660(28) [5],[7]

References[2] 18Ne(a, p)21Na [4] 20Ne(3He, ng) [5] 12C(16O, 6He) [6] 25Mg(3He, 6He)22Mg [7] 24Mg(a, 6He) [8] 21Na(p, p) [9] 22Al b+

Indi

rect

met

hods

10.768(17) [2], [5], [7]

10.905(19) [5], [7]

11.006(17) [5],[7]

11.121(18) [5],[7]

In order to determine the absolute reaction rate, the absolute reaction cross sections including all possible

transitions in the important energy region are needed.

(Inverse reaction) ANL annual report 2004

Measured excitation functions The absolute cross sections could not be determined →The clear background rejection might not be performed.

x 10 – x 100 ??

Particle identification Slits:C1: 15 mm (DE/E=1.5%), C2: 10 mm (DE/E=1.0%)

TOF1 rate: 4.6105 ppsTOF2 rate: 7.6104 pps

T1－ T2 transport efficiency: 17％}

22Na production at RIBLL-1( 何建軍 )

● Primary beam: 22Ne 6.18 MeV/u 300 enA

Install pressure & temperature sensor at T0 chamber

new chamber

T2 chamber

Slit motor

Vacuum pump

Air operated valve system

1 . 狭缝和靶位步进电机控制： orient 5 phase driver (UDK511NW2) 、 EM4000 控制方式：远程控制2 . 气动阀控制系统：分子泵入口、新靶室入口（需要逻辑控制：如果靶室真空下降为下限自动关闭阀门） 控制方式：现场控制 + 远程控制3 . 压力传感器、温度传感器数据采集系统4 . 靶室安装：靶室底部安装轮子和固定装置，顶部安装移动靶室盖子的支架和滑轮

Pressure sensor

Improvements Desired

Beam transport efficiency (1) From ECR to SFC: 5% ? [5 ?] (2) From SFC to RIBLL1: 5% [10 ?] (3) RIBLL1: 17% (same power supply for D3&D4) [2 ?]

Present: 1.7104 pps Future: 2106 pps !!!

( 何建軍 )

IH10 21eμ⇒ ＡI36 14eμ⇒ Ａ

AVF exit42%

Tran

smis

sion

(%)

Probe position

Test beam : 22Ne7+

RIKEN AVF cyclotron; Transmission from Ion source to production target

Ion Source

Exit ofcyclotron

Prod.target

~90%

20~　 30%

< 2~3%@SFC ↓

Improvements Desired

Beam transport efficiency (1) From ECR to SFC: 5% ? [5 ?] (2) From SFC to RIBLL1: 5% [10 ?] (3) RIBLL1: 17% (same power supply for D3&D4) [2 ?]

Present: 1.7104 pps Future: 2106 pps !!!

RIKEN/CNSX 13X 18X 2X 500>8x106

pps

* ~ 300 enA on the production target (← 6 A from the SF cyclotron)SF cyclotron operation is not optimized. Need upgrade. Need single-turn extraction from SFC.

>

Nuclear astrophysics experiments:Direct cross section measurement

with low-energy RI Beams

- Explosive H and He burning -

1. (a,p) reactions in sd-shell nuclei – X-bursts, SNeII 14O(a,p), 18Ne(a,p), . . . (He, Jianjun) 10^6 pps, purity 50%≧2. a - reactions around A=50-60 for SNeI and SNeII (Kubono, Shigeru) 56Ni, . . . 10^5 pps, purity 50%≧

Intense RIB of A ~ 50-60

What to do for better experimentsat IMP ?

• Need SFC upgrade project - flat-top mode acceleration. single turn extraction high efficiency transport and accel. eff. through Ring cyclotron

• RIBLL-1 - high power prod. target - RIB purifier ? RF deflector or Wien filter - Fast beam monitor. PPAC on-going at IMP, but need collaboration for the next generation exp. with diamond det. ? - Better tuning of RIBLL-1 good transmission eff. T1-> T2 RIB spot profile ・　More efficient operations at IMP - parasite operation - management of machine operations