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8/13/2019 Pone Nci as Posters

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Jos Ramrez, Investigacin I 7/11/031

This document has been formulated to assist the authors inpreparing an interesting and comprehensible presentation of their

works at technical conferences and workshops. All authors are

advised to read it carefully before organising their presentation

and preparing their visual aids. We seek your close cooperation in

following the guidelines provided in this document, so that this

results in presentations having the quality that all of us will be

delighted to follow.

1. Basic organisation

The most significant constraint common to every technical

conference and workshop is the time limit for your presentation.

Depending on what type of conference or what type of session,

the available time for presentation and discussion is between 15

and 30 minutes. This time limit restricts the number of concepts

or major technical points that you can make and expect your

audience to absorb. As a guideline, it is suggested that you limityourself to no more than three or four technical points. Although

the selection of just a few significant points may seem like a great

hardship, it will enhance the audience appreciation of your paper

by focusing on the most significant information.

Suggested time-frame for a paper presentation:

Introduction (~ 5 %).

Title of presentation and introduction of author(s) and

speaker; outline of the presentation.

Proposal (~ 15 %).

Description of problem and idea of the work; already

realised solutions and applications; drawbacks,

disadvantages, and problems of existing solutions;proposal of the new solution.


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Theoretical basis, results and evaluation (~ 45 %).

Theoretical basis of the new solution; experimental

environment, assumptions and restrictions; results of

the experiment (respectively simulation); differencesand improvements against other methods.

Conclusion (~ 15 %).

Recapitulation of the objective, the proposal, and the

main positive results; future works outlook.

Discussion (~ 20 %).

2. Visual Aids

Good visual aids can greatly enhance the effect your presentation

has on the audience. They simultaneously focus the audience

attention and cue you as a speaker. Experience at past conferences

has shown that visual aids were often poorly conceived and

inadequately prepared. Very often, for example, somebody tries to

take a shortcut by photocopying a typewritten document onto atransparency, which hardly ever works: if the photocopy is the

same size as the original the print is too small to read, and if the

copy is larger, any slight faults in the type are also magnified and

may become distracting. It is our hope that these guidelines will

help you prepare a better visual presentation.

There are different kinds of visual aids - overhead projectors,

slide projector, PC with presentation software and video projector

- available at most of the conferences. Regardless of which kind

of visual aid you want to use during the talk, there are some

guidelines that apply to any visual aid:


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Text:

Text must be brief, possibly only keywords. A long text diverts

the attention of the audience from oral presentation. The

recommended size of text on the transparencies is 18 pointminimum. When formulae and mathematical equations are used

they should be limited to a few lines. Indices in mathematical

expressions should be written at nearly the same size as the main

characters.

Graphics and Illustrations:

Good illustrations are an effective tool in holding the audiences

attention in clarifying and amplifying the verbal message. Graphs

are better than tables for understanding. Several simple

illustrations are more effective than one complicated illustration.

Also it is usually advantageous to simplify all tables, graphs,

diagrams and drawings. Supplementary information may be

presented orally.

The availability of particular visual aids, such as slide projectors

and especially PCs with presentation software and videoprojectors, should be clarified with the local organisers before

starting the preparation of the presentation tools! If you have the

choice between several forms of visual aids, keep in mind some

of the advantages, disadvantages, and specific requirement of

each type:

Overhead Transparencies:

Used properly, the overhead projector is one of the most useful

and flexible instruments available to a speaker. The large, bright

picture on the wall automatically attracts the audiences attention,

and there is practically no limit to what you can put on a

transparency - handwriting, print, (computer) graphics. The

overhead projector can be misused, too, of course; because it is so

easy to operate, people often do not give enough thought to the

audiences viewpoint. For a good result when preparing yourtransparencies, please use the following guidelines:


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Transparencies must be readable for all audiences. If you are

young and fit, do not assume that the audiences eyesight

will be as good as yours. Lower case letters are easier to

read than capitals. Illegible handwriting and too small letters

kill the advantages of transparencies. As a rule of thumb, the(original) transparency must be readable from a distance of

1,5 m.

Most overhead projectors have a table with a transparent

area having dimensions 250*250 mm. The area used for the

transparency should be restricted to 250*200 mm - the

transparency can be used in the horizontal ("landscape") or

in the vertical ("portrait") position. However, landscape

format is more advisable. If you are using colour transparencies use bright colours -

but do not use more than 4 different colours for one

transparency.

Use titles (e.g. 28 pt size, bold letters) and borders.

Personalise your transparencies with company logo,

department and others.

Slides:

Slides (35 mm) are not only easier to transport but can produce

much better images than transparencies (especially for larger

conference rooms). Colours, for example, can be used on slides to

greater effect than with the overhead projector. You can use one

colour (blue for example) as the background, and another that

stands out well against it (perhaps white or orange) for the most

important parts of the visual.

Screen Presentation:

Another important visual aid is a screen presentation using a PC

and a presentation software such as Power Point of Harvard

Graphics. Here, the "slides" with all their hidden text elements

and graphs are displayed on the full screen - programme menus

and other control elements are hidden. Combined with a video

projector (e.g. LCD panels for overhead projectors), this solutioncombines the advantages of transparencies and slides. Screen


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presentations are easy to create (like transparencies) but you can

use the whole colour range of your computer system (like slides).

Other advantages are:

Using special effects (animation, fading, etc.) thepresentation may become more appealing;

The presentation can be combined with short video/sound

sequences;

Each single "slide" can be accompanied by additional

remarks during the presentation.

Of course there is also a combination of the disadvantages of

transparency and slide. The most important difficulty is that mostconference rooms are not equipped with a video projection unit or

at least a unit providing the resolution which makes all details of

the slide readable. Please contact the conference organiser about

the availability of such devices. Please also note that even if you

clarify all the details beforehand, the lack of special cables or the

right version of the software can defeat your presentation!.

3. Presentation Technique

Please keep in mind the following "rules" for a successful

presentation:

Posture, position: stand up straight; face the audience.

Hands, gesticulation: use gestures, but not in a too excessive

way.

Eye contact: make positive eye contact, one person at a

time; hold for 3-5 seconds ("one thought long"); make surethat your audience, including those at the back and on your

far right and left, have the feeling that you

to them from time to time.

Voice, speech: speak slowly, clearly and not too fast; make

effective use of pauses; use short sentences; vary the speed

and the volume to emphasise particular parts of your talk;

tell the audience what you are , then

, tell them what you , and


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Media, handling: master your technical aids with

confidence, do not play about with pens, pointers or coins in

your pockets; use pens or transparent pointers to direct

attention to the transparencies; leave each chart long enough

on view. Make visual items in a consistent style with a view to

publication.

Label the axes of graphs.

Give each slide a heading and a number.

Try to avoid local slang in your presentation; your audience

will be from different laboratories in different countries and

cultures.

Use a pointer - laser or metal - to point to the slides and the

information on them; if you are right-handed stand with the slides

onright.

Copyright 2000, International Federation of Automatic Control

- All rights reserved. Updated on May 3, 2000


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The 2002 IFAC 15 th World Congress, b02, will have 12 PosterSessions, one in each technical niche of the Congress and in

parallel to the Oral Sessions.

The authors of papers to be presented as a poster are expected to

prepare the posters, mount them on the posters board provided by

the Congress and be present during the corresponding two-hour

sessions in order to answer questions from the attendees.

The poster boards support poster size DIN A0 portrait (i.e.: high =

1189 mm and wide = 841 mm). There are no specific constraintsin the layout of the poster other than that the title and the authors

names should be prominently displayed and the character size of

lettering should be large enough to allow reading from a distance

of 1 meter. Poster sessions will not have tables and power outlets.

Authors will have access to the poster room 30 minutes before

session time. A map with he exact location in the room of each

assigned poster board will be available. Posters must be removed

immediately after the session ends.Poster authors should be aware that there will be a Best Poster

Award at the 2002 FAC 15 th World Congress.

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