policy proposals for community-based renewable energy systems sibat
TRANSCRIPT
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Renewable Energy Summit
Cebu CityMarch 7-8, 2011
POLICY PROPOSALS FOR
COMMUNITY BASEDRENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
(CBRES)
IN THE PHILIPPINES
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There is a strong correlation
between the levels of energy and
poverty in many rural and urban
poor communities in the country --UNDP study entitled Regional Energy
Programme for Poverty Reduction (REP-
PoR)
Philippines.
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value addition to production remains
limited and resource potentials largelyuntapped due to lack of energy inputs.
Lack of post-harvest facilities continuesto decrease potential income from
production by substantial amount.
Livelihood opportunities continue to be
scarce and limited as a result.
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Residents in far-flungcommunities continue to
manually fetch water for
potable uses from remote
sources, because of lack of
energy inputs to delivery
water supply.
In many areas, lack of
water supply for irrigation
is a main cause of low
productivity, and many
lands left to remain idle.
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Women in indigenousareas continue tomanually pound rice fordaily needs, taking away
time for productive andreproductive activities.
Without appropriate fuelfor cooking, women andother members of thehousehold continue tospend time to gather
fuelwood from surroundingareas thus lessening theiravailability to engage inproductive andreproductive activities.
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Children are affected directly or
indirectly with the lack of
appropriate energy services or
continuous exposure tosubstandard lighting and
ventilation that impairs their
ability to learn.
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Energy fuels
productive activities,
including agriculture,
commerce,manufacture and
industry.
Energy services
meanwhile are crucial
input to the primary
development challenge ofproviding food, water,
sanitation, medical care,
schooling and access to
information.
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There is none in the law to
provide communities with
sufficient choices in accessing
appropriate (adequate,
affordable, reliable, safe and
environmentally benign) energy
services to support economicand human development.
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MainBasis of
Policy
Proposal
Community-based
renewable energy
systems have been
established in many off-grid villages and
barangays in the country
since the 90s.
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For over a decade now, microhydro, hydraulic ram
pumps, wind systems, biomass-fired systems have been
developed and used for community and householdutilization, by community or peoples organizations with
the support of NGOs and LGUs.
These systems are operated, managed and sustained by
community organizations. These have generated
impacts that lead to poverty reduction: power for
lighting households, schools and communities, for
milling grain, for delivering water supply to farms and
households, for driving equipment to process and drycrops, and for cooking.
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Community-based
Microhydro power
(MHP) systems for
driving production andpostharvest equipment
and for household and
village electrification.
Hydraulic ram
pumps for water
pumping to serve
household needs or
small farm irrigation.
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Photovoltaic systems for water
pumping and household
electrification and
communication facilities.
Solar passive systems for
households, crop drying (fruits
and vegetables), rural clinics and
schools.
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Biogas utilizes human and animal
manure, leaves, twigs, grasses,
crop stalks, garbage, and some
agricultural and industrial wastes
to produce biogas. The
technology became an effective
pollution control system and agood source of energy for cooking
and for power/electricity
generation;
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Small wind power systems for
driving water pumping and
battery-charging for household
electrification.
Hybrid systems or mix of hydro,
wind, solar and/or biomass
systems for electrification needs
of villages.
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Many NGOs and POs in
partnership with LGUs have
initiated the above work in
remote villages to gain field
experience in planning for the
energy needs of a ruralcommunity and finding
sustainable solutions to meet
these needs -- with poverty
reduction as the driving force.
The primaryplayers: NGOs
and POs with
support by
LGUs
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KASBAKAS and the Datalnay Project
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The wealth of experience gained from morethan 20 years of association with the rural
people by these front-line organizationsworking closely or independently withgovernment agencies, therefore are veryimportant for everyone involved in the field
of rural energy and development. Theexperiences are noteworthy for variousprojects and unique site-specific energysystems with strong poverty/energy linkages
using e.g. microhydro and biomasstechnologies, displacing, avoiding orreducing diesel generation and petroleumfuels in typical rural villages.
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The experiences are not restricted to technology
dissemination, but have a wider developmental
perspective encompassing the socio-cultural and
local institutional aspects in technology design and
application, program planning, monitoring, and
evaluation.
The approach, therefore, does not dwell much on
the technologies, but on the processes that make
these technologies work and be sustained in rural
areas, which are often overlooked by planners andpolicy makers.
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Policy Proposals
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Recognize and support the development ofcommunity-based RE systems (CBRES), as onedelivery mechanism to address the energy-poverty
gap in remote and rural poor areas.
The proposal to develop CBRES stems from the needto develop local community involvement in meetingenergy-poverty agenda, to promote roles of localstakeholders as both managers and resource
providers of local energy needs.The involvement ofcommunities through CBRES will bring the energy-poverty agenda to the social dimension of basicservices, and will tap local or community capacity tobe self-reliant and productive.
Further, the establishment of CBRES accepts theintegration of full community social acceptabilityand preparation as basic requirements of energydevelopment.
PolicyProposal #1
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The CBRES is a community-
based approach by organizedcommunities to manage and
own the power plant, and
direct its purpose for
community development. This
organization may be linked to
agencies and entities who can
be their project partners.
What is CBRES?
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Generally poor areas,including off-grid areas
within the rural areas consistthe main target of CBRES. Itis in these areas wherepoverty rate for the rural
population is highest in thecountry, and decreases moreslowly compared to theurban population, thus
where socio-economicdevelopment should really befocused.
Which are thetargets of CBRES
projects?
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The promotion of comprehensive rural
development and encouragement of non-
governmental, community-based, or sectoral
organizations in the promotion of CBRES.
The NGOs and POs are to be recognized as vital
links in the decentralization of access to energy,
and are capable to perform projectdevelopment, initiation of innovative
approaches and technologies, resource
mobilization, capacity building, and operations.
The establishment of CBRES invokes the right to
development of and recognition of roles of
women, indigenous people, and all other
underprivileged in society.
PolicyProposal
#2
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Uphold renewable energy andsustainabledevelopment tocomprise the basic mix in energy
policy for poor communities,which is realizable throughCBRES.
Renewable energy technology is
concluded to be a viablealternative to grid electricity inremote barangays.
Sustainable energy development
recognizes the primary role ofcommunities in the managementof their resources.
PolicyProposal
#3
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The integration of gender
concerns as basic in CBRESdevelopment. Participation,
access to technology and
concrete benefits to women
will be key indicators for
monitoring of the success of
CBRES projects.
PolicyProposal
#4
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The local government
should be mandated to aidin CBRES development
consistent with the policy
of decentralization of
energy services to reach
the remaining
unelectrified and unserved
areas and unenergizedcommunities.
PolicyProposal
#5
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The LGU will be mandated
to allocate resources for the
CBRES, through ordinances
and budget allocation; and
help ensure the
sustainability of the CBRES
projects.
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The establishment of CBRESshall directly address andencourage productiveapplications of renewableenergy, i.e., CBRES shall beplanned or aimed to
immediately link tocommunity-based ordecentralized energy-basedentrepreneurship for
developing rural areas gearedtoward poverty alleviationand gender equity.
PolicyProposal
#6
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We propose for theestablishment of a CBRES
Fund to meet the
appropriate financingneeds for energy services
for poverty reduction.
PolicyProposal
#7
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Support to research and
development for CBRES.
This can directly encourageresearch and development
and innovation -- to
improve the designs for
increased efficiency and
responsiveness to
multifarious needs of rural
development.
PolicyProposal
#8
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Recognize CBRES as
primary energy adaptation
and mitigation mechanismto climate change.
Policy
Proposal #9
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Daghang Salamat PADAYON!