polarity ch 6.2b. diatomic compounds share electrons equally. equal forces pulling on the...
DESCRIPTION
Electronegativity = Atom’s attraction for electrons Larger value stronger attraction Electronegativity trends (attraction for electrons): Right side of periodic table: high Exception for noble gases (Group #8A) - none Left side of periodic table: low Top of a group: higher Bottom of a group: lowerTRANSCRIPT
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PolarityCh 6.2b
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Diatomic compounds share electrons equally. Equal forces pulling on
the shared electrons
What happens when atoms do NOT share electrons equally? Unequal forces pulling on
the shared electrons
Diatomics
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Unequal Sharing of ElectronsElectronegativity = Atom’s attraction for
electrons Larger value stronger attraction
Electronegativity trends (attraction for electrons): Right side of periodic table: high
Exception for noble gases (Group #8A) - none Left side of periodic table: low Top of a group: higher Bottom of a group: lower
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Polar Covalent Bond:Determine by electronegativity
Higher electronegativity partial negative chargeLower electronegativity partial positive charge.
Unequal Sharing of Electrons
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Prof Mokeur’s Periodic Table
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Shared electrons in a hydrogen chloride molecule spend less time near the hydrogen atom than near the chlorine atom.
Unequal Sharing of Electrons
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How to predict what type of bond will form between two
atoms:Non-polar covalent
Electronegativity difference is <0.5Polar covalent
Electronegativity difference is >0.5 and <2.0 (Between 0.5-1.9)
Ionic bondElectronegativity difference is >2.0
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ExamplesBoron and Hydrogen
Electronegativities: B = 2.0 H = 2.1Difference:
Potassium and Iodine: Electronegativities: K = 0.8 I = 2.7Difference:
Sodium and ChlorineElectronegativities: Na = 0.9 Cl = 3.0Difference:
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ExamplesBoron and Hydrogen
Electronegativities: B = 2.0 H = 2.1Difference: 0.1 non-polar covalent
Potassium and Iodine: Electronegativities: K = 0.8 I = 2.7Difference:
Sodium and ChlorineElectronegativities: Na = 0.9 Cl = 3.0Difference:
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ExamplesBoron and Hydrogen
Electronegativities: B = 2.0 H = 2.1Difference: 0.1 non-polar covalent
Potassium and Iodine: Electronegativities: K = 0.8 I = 2.7Difference: 1.9 polar covalent
Sodium and ChlorineElectronegativities: Na = 0.9 Cl = 3.0Difference:
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ExamplesBoron and Hydrogen
Electronegativities: B = 2.0 H = 2.1Difference: 0.1 non-polar covalent
Potassium and Iodine: Electronegativities: K = 0.8 I = 2.7Difference: 1.9 polar covalent
Sodium and ChlorineElectronegativities: Na = 0.9 Cl = 3.0Difference: 2.1 ionic