". Timer#
$. Counter#
%. Special PLC&# in mar'et( llen radley* +it#u,i#-i* Siemen#* +e##un!)
. /+I0++I
 
COMPANY PROFILE
ACS i# a complete Indu#trial utomation Solution Pro4idin! Company -a4in! 12 years e5perience. 6e deal 7it- PLC, Drives, SCADA and ot-er utomation Product# of  Messung , Mitsubishi , Aen!"ra#ey, Sie$ens , M%#i&%n , A"" an# Other  PLC's. 8rom initial de4elopment to on9#ite in#tallation* :epairin! and trainin!* CS offer# t-e #er4ice# re;uired en#urin! #ucce##ful implementation of pro<ect#
ACS t-in'# and conduct# ,u#ine## internationally. CS&# e5perience and e#ta,li#-ed company tradition are t-e ,a#i# for inno4ation and #ucce##. T-e #'ill#* 'no7led!e* dedication and moti4ation of our employee# en#ure t-e ;uality of our product#. E5cellence in performance and a #ati#fied client are our !oal#. Learnin! i# a 4ital part of  our or!ani=ation. Our commitment to tec-nical ad4ance# !uarantee# our future and continued #ucce##. CS continue# to ,e a leader in t-e manufacturin! indu#trie# #er4in! a multitude of indu#trie# in a 4ariety of di#cipline#. Indu#trie# u#in! our product# and #er4ice# include>
 utomation and Control in t-e indu#try are 7itne##in! dramatic 4alue addition t-rou!- ne7er and late#t Tec-nolo!y. It i# t-e 'ey to en-ance producti4ity and increa#e profita,ility. 6e at CS are in touc- 7it- t-e late#t Tec-nolo!y and -a4e t-e e5perti#e and 'no7led!e to #moot-ly inte!rate ne7 tec-nolo!y #olution# 7it- your e5i#tin! infra#tructure
 
 utomoti4e ul' /andlin! C-emical En4ironmental 8ood Proce##in! +aterial /andlin! Petro9c-emical Indu#try P-armaceutical Pla#tic# +oldin! +ac-ine# Po7er ?eneration Plant# Ne7# Paper Oil @ ?a# ?eneration
Servi&es Pr%vi#e#
6e are in t-e field of pro4idin! Indu#trial utomation to 4ariou# indu#trie# li'e 8ood* Po7er Proce##* utomo,ile* P-armaceutical* Pac'a!in! etc. 6e are !eared to pro4ide total turn'ey #upport from t-e #ta!e of re;uirement analy#i#* #y#tem en!ineerin!* #oft7are de4elopment* in#tallation and commi##ionin! and on #ite trainin! to maintain t-e a,o4e product#.
Our E)*ertise
 
A :emote maintenance #upport A 6irele## Communication
Aen "ra#ey + PLC"* SLC9"* +icrolo!i5* Control Lo!i5* 8le5 Lo!i5* Compact lo!i5 Messung Syste$s + Ne5!en9 @ "* +icro* B+P92 and Serie#* +ini Serie# Mitsubishi + 8B* 8B1N* 8B2N* 8B1S* 85oS Serie#* nS CP* D Serie#* ei<er* ?OT Sie$ens + S%92* S%93* S%9.
PLC S%t-are+ Code#y#* 8B9?P 6in* ?B9e4eloper* +EOC* :SLo!i59"* :SLo!i59 " MMI . SCADA+ Intellution* :#4ie732* 6onder7are and ei<er. AC Drives + 8:S"* 8:"* 8:E" #erie#* 133$* Po7er 8le5* E5cellent AC Serv% Drives + +:92 #erie#* +:9/ Serie#* +:9C Serie# ltra #erie# Inte!ration of I0O#* Intelli!ent e4ice# @ net7or'# li'e* CC lin'* Controlnet* Et-ernet* e4icenet* :IO* +od,u#* Profi,u#* ?S+ +odem* and ot-er 7irele## tec-nolo!y .
S%$e % the Cients
 CC cement#  pollo Tyre# ?a# ut-ority of India Ltd.  #-o' Leyland a<a< uto Ltd -arat 8or!e Ltd -arat ?ear -arat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. /EL 9 an!alore irla Copper Crompton ?rea4e# L8 Po7er Ltd E. I. upont (India) Ltd. .
 
PLC
efinition>
PLC&# are defined a# miniature indu#trial computer# t-at contain -ard7are and #oft7are
u#ed to perform control function#.
  PLC con#i#t# of t7o ,a#ic component# >9 t-e CP and t-e I0O interface #y#tem. T-e
CP 7-ic- control# all t-e PLC acti4ity can ,e furt-er cla##ified into >9 t-e proce##or 
and t-e memory #y#tem.
T-e I0O #y#tem i# p-y#ically connected to t-e field de4ice# (e.!9 #7itc-e#* #en#or#*
motor* ,ul,) and pro4ide# t-e interface ,et7een t-e CP and t-e information pro4ider#
(input) and t-e controlla,le de4ice# (output).
PLC Operation>
To operate t-e CP read# input data from t-e connected field de4ice# t-rou!- t-e u#e
of it# input interface# and t-en e5ecute# or perform# t-e control pro!ram t-at -a# ,een
#tored in it# memory #y#tem. Pro!ram# are typically created in ladder lo!ic* a lan!ua!e
t-at clo#ely re#em,le# a relay ,a#ed 7irin! #c-ematic and are entered into t-e CP
memory prior to operation. 8inally ,a#ed on t-e pro!ram t-e PLC 7rite# or update#
output de4ice# 4ia t-e output interface#. T-i# proce## al#o 'no7n a# #cannin! typically
continue# in t-e #ame #e;uence 7it-out interruption and c-an!e# only 7-en a c-an!e
i# made to t-e control pro!ram.
Scan Cycle
T-e #cannin! ta'e# place continuou#ly once t-e pro!ram i# run. T-e #can cycle
 
Input de4ice# output de4ice#
Pu#- ,utton +ec-anical 4al4e#
Selector #7itc- Solenoid 4al4e#
Le4el #7itc- C dri4e#
Pro5imity #7itc- :elay
T-um,7ell #7itc- ctuator
PLC 4# PC
PLC i# ,a#ically a type of PC. T-e difference# are>9
PLC -a# no 'ey,oard. 8or i0p 7e u#e an input module 7-ic- i# ,a#ically a little ,o5 7it-
a ro7 of #cre7# infront of it.
6e 7ire up a ,unc- of pu#- ,utton#* #en#or#* #7itc-e# to t-e little #cre7# Ht-i# #er4e#
a# an input de4ice for our PLC computer.
PLC -a# no monitor. 8or o0p 7e u#e an output module 7-ic- i# ,a#ically anot-er little
,o5 7it- a ro7 of #cre7# infront of it.
 
6e 7ire up a ,unc- of #olenoid 4al4e#* indicator lamp#* motor #tarter# to t-e little
#cre7# Ht-i# #er4e# a# an output de4ice for our PLC computer.
 d4anta!e#
• Economic ( muc- c-eaper t-an PC* -ence can ,e u#ed in a 4er#atile manner)
• ery accurate( performance de!radation i# 4ery le## e4en after year# of functionin!.
ladder lo!ic i# ,inary in nature -ence almo#t no error in e5ecution of correct code)
• Non #top functionin!( i.e. t-e #can cycle run# continuou#ly for t-e entire lifetime
once PLC i# in#talled)
Type# Of PLC&#
1. +icro PLC9 -a# $ i0o port#
2. +ini PLC9 -a# 12 i0o port#
 
 
/+I inte!rated in t-e PLC. 6e can #ee t-e ro7 of #cre7# for input0output.
3. :ac' (modular) PLC H -a# $ i0o port#.
T-ere are 4ariou# #lot# for different card# e.!. input card#* output card#* CP card*
po7er card* #pecial card# (for communication* /S pul#e etc.)
T-i# type of PLC i# #cala,le i.e. 7e can attac- anot-er i0o PLC module. T-e female
connector of t-e primary PLC i# connected to t-e male connector of t-e e5ten#ion PLC
(9).
Eac- PLC re;uire# a po7er card ,ut t-e CP card i# pre#ent only in t-e primary PLC.
 On t-e CP card (intelli!ent module) 7e -a4e connector# for communication
7it- /+I or PC.
PLC Pro!rammin!
a#ed on ladder lo!ic. Eac- ladder -a# #7itc-e# or fla!# a# input# and a #in!le coil or a
#in!le fla! a# an output. 
1. S7itc-9 pu#- ,utton and to!!le #7itc-
Pu#- ,utton !i4e# -i!- input only durin! t-e time it i# 'ept pre##ed in on condition.
(i.e. !oe# to off #tate on relea#in!)
T7o type#>9 normally open(NO) and normally clo#ed(NC)
To!!le #7itc- !i4e# -i!- input once t-e #7itc- i# pre##ed on.(i.e. doe# not !o off
e4en 7-en relea#ed)
T-e NO #7itc- i# repre#ented a#>9
T-e NC #7itc- i# repre#ented a#>9
 
e5ample#
D1) Suppo#e 7e -a4e 2 pu#- ,utton# red and !reen. 6-en t-e !reen ,utton i# pre##ed
,ul, i# turned ON and remain# ON e4en after relea#in! t-e #7itc-. 6-ene4er t-e red
,utton i# pre##ed t-e ,ul, i# turned O88 and remain# O88(after relea#in!) till t-e !reen
,utton i# pu#-ed a!ain. ?i4e t-e ladder lo!ic for t-e !i4en #ituation.
 ##ume Ji5. a# t-e !reen ,utton and Ji5.1 a# t-e red ,utton. J;5. i# t-e ,ul,.
 ;Koutput* mKfla!* iKinput
#et9re#et
 
If i1 i# ON for a micro#econd t-e 4alue of ; i# re#et or #et to lo!ic .
NOTE> # 7e can #ee t-at u#in! #et re#et 7e !ot an alternati4e #olution for t-e pre4iou#
 
Sym,ol for ri#in! ed!e tri!!er #7itc-
Sym,ol for ri#in! ed!e tri!!er #7itc-
 
 
Con#ider t-e ca#e>9 on eit-er #ide of t-e !ate t-ere are 2 #en#or#. Sen#or 1detect# t-e
-ead of t-e ,u# and open# !ate. T-e !ate remain# open till t-e ,u# pa##e# completely
and i# clo#ed after t-e tail of t-e ,u# pa##e# #en#or 2. ##ume only one 7ay traffic and
!i4e t-e lo!ic ladder.
:i#in! ed!e at #en#or1 #et# t-e !ate o0p and open# it. 8allin! ed!e at t-e #en#or2
re#et# t-e !ate o0p t-erefore* t-e !ate i# clo#ed.
+emory fla!
#ed to decrea#e t-e num,er of output port# u#ed in t-e ladder. T-e intermediate lo!ic
 
T-i# i# t-e #olution to t-e la#t pro,lem u#in! fla! concept.
/ere i and i1 are #en#or# 1 and 2 re#pecti4ely* 7-ile m i# u#ed a# fla!. D i# t-e
output attac-ed to !ate.
D3)e#i!n a pu#- ,utton #7itc- 7-ic- 7-en pre##ed turn# a ,ul, on continuou#ly. T-e
ne5t time t-e #7itc- i# pre##ed t-e ,ul, turn# off . !ain if t-e #7itc- i# pre##ed t-e ,ul,
turn# on and t-e pattern follo7#.
+1 i# a fla! #et on ri#in! ed!e for a pul#e inter4al eac- time t-e #7itc- i i# pre##ed.
Bor 7it- pre4iou# output #tate !i4e# t-e ne7 output #tate* Ne5t State 7-ic- i# t-e to!!le
4alue of Pre#ent State.
 
E;ui4alent ladder dia!ram>9
E;ui4alent ladder dia!ram>9
D") #uppo#e 7e -a4e a pu#- ,utton i and 2 ,ul,# ; and ;1. ?enerate t-e follo7in!
cyclic pattern
 
 
Timer#
T-ere are type# of timer#. T-ey are TON*TO88*TP*:TC. T-e mo#t ,a#ic i# TON *
ot-er timer# can ,e deri4ed from t-i# timer.
1)Time delay on timer(TON)K output i# turned on after t-e pre#et time 4alue( e! " #ec#)
from t-e time 7-en a continuou# po7er #upply input i# !i4en
Note>9 t-e output of timer i# -i!-(after " #ec#) only if t-e input #upply i# #till a4aila,le.
2)Time delay off timer(TO88)K t-e output i# -i!- t-e in#tant t-e #7itc- i# on(po7er 
#upply) and t-e output !oe# to lo7 after pre#et time 4alue(e! " #ec#) from t-e time
#upply i# cut.
3)Plu#e timer(TP)K for a pul#e input at po#iti4e ed!e t-e timer #tart# and t-e output i#
-i!- for t-e time timer run#.
):TC(real time cloc')K u#ed for real time application# and i# internet controlled for 
remote 7or' #ite e!>9 !a# pipeline#( rate of flo7 and 4al4e function)
T.1K name of t-e timer 
ENLKena,le* u#ed to !i4e t-e #upply* i.e. connected to t-e i0p #7itc-
P:ESETKt-e timer 4alue #et e.!. (t"#) to #et t-e timer for " #ec#. P
C:NTKaccumulator 4alue* -old# t-e current 4alue of t-e timer. CC
ONE ITKconnected to output * u#ed to indicate t-at t-e timer current 4alue -a#
reac-ed t-e pre#et 4alue(timer e5pired) PKCC
 
6-ile timer i# runnin! run ,itK1 done ,itK and current 4alue(22)pre#et 4alue(")
 
D")de#i!n a ladder lo!ic for t-e !i4en #pecification. I i# #7itc-ed on ; on for 1
#ecafter 1 #ec#; off and ;1 on for #ecafter #ec ;1 off and ;2 on for 1" #ec.
repeat t-e cycle continuou#ly.
 
T-ree type#>9 CT*CT*CT
CT(p counter)K count# t-e num,er of input pul#e#. If current no. of i0p pul#e#
(accumulator) K pre#et 4alue t-en o0pK-i!-
 E!9 if pre#et 4alue i# "* t-en after " i0p pul#e# t-e o0p !oe# from lo7 to -i!-. (-i!- e4en
if #upply i# remo4ed* -ere #upply i0p i# pul#e)
  pul#e !i4en to re#et #et# accumulatorK and o0p to lo7
CT(Count do7n)K initially o0pK-i!- and accumulatorK
6-en t-e fir#t pul#e i# applied to load (li'e re#et in C)accumulatorKpre#et 4alue* and
o0p lo7
6-en #u,#e;uent I0P pul#e# are applied to ena,le CC i# decremented and 7-en
accumulatorK o0p i# -i!-.
CT(Counter up0do7n)K only one accumulator 4alue 7-ic- can ,e eit-er incremented
,y !i4in! a pul#e C and decremented ,y !i4in! a pul#e to C port.
:STKto re#et in C
LOKto load P in C
D$)##ume a car !ara!e. 7e -a4e an entry and an e5it door. 6e -a4e #en#or#
arran!ed a# #-o7n in dia!ram. ma5imum of " car# can ,e accommodated in t-e
!ara!e at a time. 6-en t-e !ara!e i# full t-e entry door #-ould not open 7-en a ne7
 
Sen#or detect# t-e incomin! car(-ead) at ri#in! ed!e and open# entry !ate.
Sen#or 1 detect# t-e incomin! car(rear) at fallin! ed!e 7-en t-e car i# fully in#ide t-e
!ara!e and clo#e# entry !ate.
Sen#or detect# t-e out!oin! car(-ead) at ri#in! ed!e and open# e5it !ate.
Sen#or 1 detect# t-e out!oin! car(rear) at fallin! ed!e 7-en t-e car i# fully out#ide t-e
!ara!e and clo#e# e5it !ate.
 
 
T-ere are ma<or 4endor# in t-e 7orld mar'et namely
1)+it#u,i#-i
allen ,radley +icrolo!i5 :Slo!i5 S
#iemen# S%3CP S% +icro7in ?ermany
me##un! Ne5!en 2 Code#y# India
+ITSIS/I
D +OEK D CP
+OTION CP( for #er4o dri4e#*ro,ot#)
+icro plc
 
1)-ot #tand,y
2)cold #tand,y
:edundant PLC -a# t-e #ame pro!ram #tored a# t-e main PLC. 6-ile t-e main PLC i#
runnin! t-e redundant one i# 'ept in non runnin! condition.
If t-e main PLC fail# t-e #tand,y i# u#ed.
Cold #tand,yK u#er inter4ention i# re;uired to p-y#ically remo4e and connect t-e
#tand,y to t-e main control
/ot #tand,yK no u#er inter4ention* if failure occur# t-e #tatu# of t-e main PLC i#
a##umed ,y t-e #tand,y automatically.
7e -a4e a ma#ter and #la4e in -ot #tand,y.
8or ma#ter>9
8or #la4e>9
6-en ma#ter !oe# do7n t-e #la4e ta'e# c-ar!e and perform# all 3 #can#.
Soft7are #erie#KM8B?P6IN*?B e4eloper 
 
T-e #oft7are i# u#ed to create t-e ladder lo!ic 7-ic- i# do7nloaded into t- PLC
-ard7are.
e.!. 8B ?P6IN i# a #pecial #oft7are u#ed to create do7nload t-e ladder lo!ic for t-e
#pecific -ard7are 8BCP.
?B e4eloper i# an ad4anced feature #oft7are. Can ,e u#ed for all CP&#. It -a# t-e
#pecial feature of #imulation online edit(do7nload t-e pro!ram in run mode and part of 
t-e pro!ram can ,e edited e4en 7-ile runnin! on t-e plc)
Pro!rammin! notation#KM
T F"K Timer no.(t) and time #et('"K"#ec#)
T-ere are 2"" num,er of counter#(C). ydefault CT and CT are not pre#ent
Pre## f(con4ert) and t-en run t-e pro!ram(ladder).
D%)8or7ard and :e4er#e traffic li!-t redyello7!reenyello7red.a##ume
 
6-ere y3 y and y$ are red yello7 and !reen li!-t# re#pecti4ely.5 i# t-e i0p
 llen radley
 
Pro!rammin! notation#KM
OutputKo>0 to o>01"
+emory fla!K,3>0 to ,3>01"
Timer Kt> to t>2""
CounterKc"> to c">2""
fallin! tri!!er 
latc-K#et
  unlatc-Kre#et
 
 
D)8or7ard and :e4er#e traffic li!-t redyello7!reenyello7red.a##ume
 
O3 O N " are red yello7 and !reen li!-t# re#pecti4ely* i0p i# i
Siemen#
To #et N no. of ,it# #tartin! from ,it addre##
E! addre##Km.1 and nK3
 
D)8or7ard and :e4er#e traffic li!-t redyello7!reenyello7red.a##ume
 
D3 D D" are red yello7 and !reen li!-t# re#pecti4ely. Input i# i.
+ESSN?
OB+INI(OS ,a#ed) for -ard7are 5mp(outdated)
 
+emoryKJm5. to Jm5.% (Jm5.)
/a# 2"" timer# and counter#. /a# all type# of timer# and counter#.
/a# 4i#uali=ation(in,uilt SC)
8orce input i# u#ed for te#tin! (input !i4en to a #7itc- from pc rat-er t-an t-e attac-ed
#en#or# 7-ile t-e pro!ram i# runnin! on plc).
 
to control and monitor PLC operation#
reduce t-e num,er of i0p terminal#
In actual application# once t-e pro!rammin! i# done it i# do7nloaded to t-e PLC. fter 
t-i# t-e pro!ram continuou#ly run# on t-e PLC for year# to!et-er. ut a need mi!-t
ari#e to c-an!e certain parameter# in t-e pro!ram( e.!. in a alloy mi5in! tu, t-e motor 
mu#t #tir t-e component# for 2 min#. No7 if 7e 7ant to manufacture a different alloy
t-e mi5in! time* -eatin! time mu#t ,e c-an!ed).
To do t-i# 7e need to modify t-e pro!ram and a!ain do7nload it eac- time a parameter 
i# c-an!ed.
 not-er practical #olution to t-i# pro,lem i# u#e of /+I. 6e can feed c-an!in! data
#uc- a# t-e timer 4alue t-rou!- t-e /+I* in#tead of directly #pecifyin! in t-e pro!ram.
 n /+I -a# 2 panel#>9
(OPI) operator panelK'ey# on /+I
(TPI) touc- #creen panel
e.!. 8B2N32+: /+I -a# 1$ i0p and 1$ o0p capa,ilitie#.
/+I dri4e i# re;uired for eac- ,rand of PLC.
Purc-a#e /+I dri4e and pa#te it in c>Q dri4e of PC.
PLC /+I(TE:+INLS) SO8T6:E
+e##un! S+:T line S:* S+:T
line :
 llen radley Panel 4ie7 Panel ,uilder 
Siemen# TP*OP TP*OP de#i!ner#
Soft7are for ++IEESI?NE: -ard7areE1
 
  Controller1>8B CP Protocol08B2N3..1
2)from t-e main ,loc' dra! #u,9,loc'# and !i4e ,loc' name
3)#imilarly #et up all t-e #u,9 ,loc'#
)clic' on main ,loc'
  Type a comment Clic' 81,utton
  Clic' on <ump ,loc' and a##i!n re#pecti4e ,loc' no#.
81 ump to ,loc' 1 Timer 
82 ump to ,loc' 2 Timer pre#et
83 ump to ,loc' 3 Timer accumulator 
8 ump to ,loc' motor 
 
81 82 83 8
Timer Timer pre#et Timer accumulator motor  
$)#imilarly do t-i# for timer* timer pre#et* timer acc and motor #u,,loc'# ma'in!
nece##ary c-an!e# in t-e menu #creen.
%)for timer pre#et
Clic' t-e R3R ,utton for analo! i0panalo! #i!nal>clic' ace##minimum i0p>
ma5imum i0p>32%$%ena,le operator i0p
)for timer accumulator 
Clic' t-e R3R ,utton for analo! i0panalo! #i!nal>Tclic' ace##minimum i0p>
ma5imum i0p>32%$%do not ena,le operator i0p
)motor>
8or 83 and 8
i0oK5 i0oK51
i!ital #i!nalKG
 
+onitor modeK run on PLC(#-ould ,e in 7rite mode 7-en tran#fer #etup to /+I)
To #et a 4alue from PC u#e t-e #tep#9
  1)ri!-t clic' on coil T(timer)
  2)#elect de4ice te#t
  3)de4ice>(pre#et 4alue)
SC(Super4i#ory control and data ac;ui#ition)
To monitor and control t-e operation of PLC. Interfaced li'e /+I to PLC.
T-e #cada #oft7are i# in PC. Pc i# connected to PLC. ?i4e# !rap-ical repre#entation of 
t-e #tatu# of input# and output# of t-e PLC.
Input to t-e PLC can ,e i##ued from t-e PC ,y SC.
Soft7are SC PLC
6IN CC Siemen#
6e need a SC dri4e -ere too li'e /+I dri4e.
T?SK u#ed for indirect addre##in!
E!>9in a pro!ram 7e -a4e t-e follo7in! component# and 7e !i4e t-e ta!#
PLC EICES T?S
+" Start
)open SC #oft7are
")ma'e SC !rap-ic#
Plc #oft7are d-ould ,e in offline mode 7-en runnin! t-e SC #oft7are
N1KEICE
2 + +E+O:G
3)dri4er ne7 dri4er confi!urereload
)T?1name#elect dri4er confi!ure N1*N2
")dra7 t-e +I+IC
%)for o0p +I+IC de4ice !oto ONE
 dd t7o picture# 1#t default 2nd
alarm(1 1ma5imum and minimum)
)for :N81 and O88LINEESC
SC 4i#uali=ation for traffic li!-t
 
 C :IES
 C ri4e# u#ed in PLC are controlled on P6+(pul#e 7idt- modulation)
+ain manufacturer# of ac dri4e# are llen radley and
8eature#>9
2)acceleration(to #tart motor) and deacceleration time control(to #top motor).
3)PLC interface
")multi#peed
e.!. t-e motor #pin# at " /= for fir#t " #ec# % /= for ne5t 1 #ec# and 1 /= for 
remainin! 12 #ec#.
Note>98or a " /P motor 7e u#e a " /P C ri4e only. (C ri4e interface# t-e PLC to
t-e motor)
 
  2(ot-er communication interface)
C12re#et and re#toreKM(to acti4ate factory #ettin!)
C13(fre;uency #et ,y di!ital operator)
  1(fre;uency #et ,y potentiometer)
C12+LTISPEE( pre## 8)
Note>9Interloc' i# pro4ided in t-e PLC pro!ram #uc- t-at ,ot- for7ard and re4er#e
 
 
CONCLSION
8inally I 7ould li'e to conclude 7it- t-e ,rief #ynop#i# of all t-at 7e learnt in t-e trainin!
tenure at CS* pune.
T-i# trainin! #tarted 7it- a ,rief introduction to PLC&S proceedin! on to t-e
pro!rammin! of PLC&S* #tudy of different platform# of PLC&S (+it#u,i#-i* llen9radley*
+e##un! and Siemen#)* t-e difference# amon!#t t-em. 8urt-er it included t-e la,
practice #e##ion# of #imulation and do7nloadin! and runnin! t-e different pro!ram# on
PLC -ard7are. T-e trainin! ended 7it- t-e final 7ee' of #tudy and practice la,# on /+I
and SC and C ri4e#.
8inally t-e trainin! of 3 7ee'# 7a# completed 7it- a final pre#entation of 4ariou#
application# and 4er#atile u#e of PLC&S in 4ariou# field# and practical e5ample# of 
4ariou# concept#(/+I* SC* C ri4e#) t-at 7e -ad #tudied durin! t-e lecture
-our#.