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Plant ReproductionFlowers, Fruits, and Seeds

Take Notes on your Flower Anatomy Lab Handout

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Angiosperms

• Reproductive parts are contained in the FLOWER

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Flower Parts

Sepal – leaf-like appendages that protect the flower budPetal – colorful structures that attract pollinatorsAnther – forms pollen (male gamete)Stigma – Sticky top that will catch pollen

Ovule - eggs

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Flower PartsFilament – Holds up the antherStyle – Curved neck that connects stigma and ovaryPollen – male gameteStamen – male reproductive organFlower – reproductive organ of the plant

Add These:Pistil (aka carpal)– female reproductive organOvary – Base of organ that contains ovules (eggs),

ovary will develop into fruit, eggs will become seeds

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Flower Parts

PETALS(COROLLA)

EGGOvule

OVARY

PISTIL

STYLE

STIGMA

ANTHERFILAMENTSTAMEN

SEPALS(CALYX)

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Pollination/Fertilization

• Pollination – when pollen (sperm) is transferred from an anther to a stigma (can be from the same plant – self-pollination)

• Fertilization – when pollen on the stigma enters the ovary and combines with the ovule (egg)

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Pollinators

1. Honeybees – need a

landing platform

2. Night-flying moths – need white, •very fragrant flowers

3. Flies – like rotting meat smell

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Pollinators4. Hummingbirds – like

bright colored (red or orange), tube-shaped flowers

5. Bats – like sour, musty odors (Banana tree)

6. Wind Light weight flowers, No particular color or scent.

Seeds and Fruits

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Fruit Formation

• After the seed is fertilized, the ovary either becomes fleshy (like a fruit) or hard (as in a nut).

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Seed Dispersal

• Fruit has propellers – dispersed by wind

• Burrs, hooks – animal fur• Tasty fruit – digestive

tract of animals

Structure of Flowers Vascular

Seed Development

Seeds

Fruit Development

As angiosperm seeds mature, the ovary walls thicken to form a fruit that encloses the seeds that developed from the ovules.

Fruit Structure

Types of Fruits

Hip Hesperidium

Accessory

BerryPome Drupe

Caryopsis

Capsule

Pepo

Achene

MultipleNut

Legume

Samara Schizocarp Silique Follicle

Animal Pollination & Dispersal

Wind Pollination & Dispersal

Animal Pollination

Seed Germination

Monocot

Dicot

Plant Propagation & Agriculture

Vegetative reproduction includes the production of new plants from horizontal stems, cuttings, leaves, plantlets, and underground roots.

Horticulturists use plant propagation to make many identical copies of a plant or to produce offspring from seedless plants.

Most of the people of the world depend on a few crop plants, such as wheat, rice, and corn, for the bulk of their food supply.

Peanut Flower

Okra

Peach

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Flower Lab Clean-up

• Person 1– Rinse the slide and coverslip off and place back on

paper towel on back table– Put the razorblade back in the cardboard and hand it

to me– Throw away the flower remains

• Person 2– Put away the compound microscope

• Person 3– Put away the stereroscope

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Homework

• Study for test• Unit 9 Review Packet – due on test day• Flower lab – due on test day• Plant diagrams – due on test day