planning laboratory work

8/14/2019 Planning Laboratory Work

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Planning laboratoryPlanning laboratory

workworkCourse SXEP -1104Course SXEP -1104

Course coordinator Course coordinator Dr Ajitha Nayar KDr Ajitha Nayar K


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Infrastructure in the labInfrastructure in the lab

Laboratories are being fitted withLaboratories are being fitted with

mobile tables with wheels so as tomobile tables with wheels so as to

provide opportunities for flexible labprovide opportunities for flexible lab

environmentsenvironments


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Design and accommodation:Design and accommodation:

Structural: There should be ample lightStructural: There should be ample light

(500 to 1000 Lux) and good ventilation(500 to 1000 Lux) and good ventilation

(7 to 15 air changes per hour).(7 to 15 air changes per hour).

Organisational: Areas should be availableOrganisational: Areas should be available

in the laboratory for on-goingin the laboratory for on-goingexperiments, for wet and dirty work andexperiments, for wet and dirty work and

for permanent apparatus and specimens.for permanent apparatus and specimens.


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It should be possible to isolate the supply ofIt should be possible to isolate the supply of

gas and electricity by emergency stop buttonsgas and electricity by emergency stop buttons

at the teachers position and at the exit or outsideat the teachers position and at the exit or outsidethe classroom.the classroom.

Gas taps should be such that they cannot beGas taps should be such that they cannot beturned on accidentally.turned on accidentally.

There should be no steps in the laboratory orThere should be no steps in the laboratory or

between the laboratory and the preparationbetween the laboratory and the preparation

room.room.


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Electrical services andElectrical services andequipment:equipment:

Equipment must be suitably identified andEquipment must be suitably identified and

marked, including the makers name and itsmarked, including the makers name and its

electrical ratings.electrical ratings.

Where possible such equipment should have aWhere possible such equipment should have apilot light to indicate when it is switched on.pilot light to indicate when it is switched on.

Portable electrically operated equipment shouldPortable electrically operated equipment should

be inspected at regular intervals and a recordbe inspected at regular intervals and a record

kept of inspections made.kept of inspections made.


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Hygiene and first-aid:Hygiene and first-aid:

One or more fully trained first-aid personsOne or more fully trained first-aid persons

should always be available on the schoolshould always be available on the school

premises during normal class times.premises during normal class times.

Laboratories should be equipped with anLaboratories should be equipped with an

adequate supply of waste boxes, preferably ofadequate supply of waste boxes, preferably of

two distinctive kinds, one for dry and brokentwo distinctive kinds, one for dry and broken

waste and one for wet waste such as filter paperswaste and one for wet waste such as filter papers

and biological materials.and biological materials.


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Safety precautionsSafety precautions

Chemical StorageChemical Storage

Ignition SourcesIgnition Sources

Chemical WasteChemical Waste Special and Biohazard WasteSpecial and Biohazard Waste

Emergency Equipment and EgressEmergency Equipment and Egress

Emergency PreparednessEmergency Preparedness
http://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labinspection.html


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Chemical StorageChemical Storage

ChemicalsChemicals segregatedsegregated by hazard classby hazard class flammables are away from oxidizersflammables are away from oxidizers

acids and flammables are separatedacids and flammables are separated

bases and acids are separatedbases and acids are separated

nitric is separated from other acidsnitric is separated from other acidsChemical containers in good conditionChemical containers in good condition

unacceptable conditions include: rustyunacceptable conditions include: rustycontainers including cylinders, bulgingcontainers including cylinders, bulgingcontainers, leaking containers, and broken capscontainers, leaking containers, and broken caps
http://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labman/appendix1.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labman/appendix1.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labman/appendix1.html


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Chemical containers properly labeledChemical containers properly labeled

primary original containers need to have label onprimary original containers need to have label on

and the label must be readableand the label must be readable

lab people need to tape labels on if they arelab people need to tape labels on if they are

falling off or make a new label that includesfalling off or make a new label that includes

chemical name, hazards, and manufacturer (if thischemical name, hazards, and manufacturer (if this

information is known)information is known) secondary containers that are used forsecondary containers that are used for

storage e.g., squeeze bottles, need to bestorage e.g., squeeze bottles, need to be

labeled with the contentslabeled with the contents


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Glass chemical containers are notGlass chemical containers are not

stored on the floorstored on the floor

glass containers holding liquidglass containers holding liquid

chemicals (even water) or hazardouschemicals (even water) or hazardous

solid chemicals can not be stored onsolid chemicals can not be stored on

the floor unless they are positioned inthe floor unless they are positioned in

such a way (pushed way under a table)such a way (pushed way under a table)that they can't get brokenthat they can't get broken


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Lab safe refrigerator used for coldLab safe refrigerator used for cold

flammable storageflammable storage there can be no flammables storedthere can be no flammables stored

in a refrigerator, cooler, or coldin a refrigerator, cooler, or coldroom, that is not lab saferoom, that is not lab safe

Flammables storage cabinets usedFlammables storage cabinets usedfor flammable storage > 10 gallonsfor flammable storage > 10 gallons

any amount of flammables over 10any amount of flammables over 10gallons per lab has to be in agallons per lab has to be in aflammables storage cabinetflammables storage cabinet


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Unstable chemicals are not pastUnstable chemicals are not past

their expiration datetheir expiration date

check for expiration dates of chemicalscheck for expiration dates of chemicals

listed:listed: DioxaneDioxane

EthersEthers Furans (e.g. tetrahydrofuran a.d.a. THF)Furans (e.g. tetrahydrofuran a.d.a. THF)

Picric AcidPicric Acid

Perchloric AcidPerchloric Acid

Sodium AmideSodium Amide


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Acids stored in acid cabinet or secondaryAcids stored in acid cabinet or secondarycontainmentcontainment

acids must be stored in an acids cabinetacids must be stored in an acids cabinet oror inina regular cabinet or shelf but in a plastic tub,a regular cabinet or shelf but in a plastic tub,

with the cabinet labeled "acids"with the cabinet labeled "acids" nitric should be physically separatednitric should be physically separated

from other acids, e.g. in its own plasticfrom other acids, e.g. in its own plastictub, in a separate cabinet, or in atub, in a separate cabinet, or in a

separate part of the acids cabinetseparate part of the acids cabinet


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Unstable chemicals are not pastUnstable chemicals are not past

their expiration datetheir expiration date check for expiration dates of chemicalscheck for expiration dates of chemicals

listed:listed: DioxaneDioxane

EthersEthers

Furans (e.g. tetrahydrofuran a.d.a. THF)Furans (e.g. tetrahydrofuran a.d.a. THF)

Picric AcidPicric Acid

Perchloric AcidPerchloric Acid

Sodium AmideSodium Amide


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Acids stored in acid cabinet or secondaryAcids stored in acid cabinet or secondary

containmentcontainment

acids must be stored in an acids cabinetacids must be stored in an acids cabinet oror in ain a

regular cabinet or shelf but in a plastic tub, withregular cabinet or shelf but in a plastic tub, with

the cabinet labeled "acids"the cabinet labeled "acids"

nitric should be physically separated fromnitric should be physically separated from

other acids, e.g. in its own plastic tub, in aother acids, e.g. in its own plastic tub, in a

separate cabinet, or in a separate part ofseparate cabinet, or in a separate part ofthe acids cabinetthe acids cabinet


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Fumehood sash at or below 18"Fumehood sash at or below 18" the sash must be pulled down approximately one foot so thatthe sash must be pulled down approximately one foot so that

the opening is no greater than 18"the opening is no greater than 18"((Chemical Fume Hood Testing ProcedureChemical Fume Hood Testing Procedure))

Toxic and hazardous gas cylinders properly ventilatedToxic and hazardous gas cylinders properly ventilated

cylinders if on thecylinders if on the

gas listgas list

need to be in a ventilated need to be in a ventilated

cabinet or enclosure that is sprinkled, if the cabinet orcabinet or enclosure that is sprinkled, if the cabinet orenclosure is presentenclosure is present

small cylinders, e.g., lecture bottles if on the list can besmall cylinders, e.g., lecture bottles if on the list can bestored in a fumehood or glovebox, but not more than 2stored in a fumehood or glovebox, but not more than 2cylinders per hoodcylinders per hood

if a gas cylinder cabinet is not available and isif a gas cylinder cabinet is not available and is

needed, this is recorded on the Facility Inspectionneeded, this is recorded on the Facility Inspectionchecklistchecklist
http://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/fumehood.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/fumehood.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labman/revisions.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labman/revisions.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/labman/revisions.htmlhttp://www.utexas.edu/safety/ehs/lab/fumehood.html


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Gas cylinders properly securedGas cylinders properly secured

all cylinders should be securedall cylinders should be secured

snugly with a strap or chain that issnugly with a strap or chain that is

above the middle of the cylinder (aabove the middle of the cylinder (a

single chain can be used to securesingle chain can be used to secure

several cylinders as long as eachseveral cylinders as long as eachcylinder is secured on at least threecylinder is secured on at least three

sides).sides). Exempt:Exempt: lecture bottleslecture bottles


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Electrical cords are in good conditionElectrical cords are in good condition

all electrical cords (that can reasonablyall electrical cords (that can reasonably

be checked) should be in good condition,be checked) should be in good condition,

i.e., the insulation should not be worn,i.e., the insulation should not be worn,split, or frayed; the plug should not besplit, or frayed; the plug should not be

separated from the cord; and the cordseparated from the cord; and the cord

should not be pinched in a door or in anyshould not be pinched in a door or in any

other wayother way


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Chemical WasteChemical Waste

1.1. Less than 55 gallons of chemical waste in areaLess than 55 gallons of chemical waste in area Chemical waste containers properly labeledChemical waste containers properly labeled

labeled to indicate that the material is waste andlabeled to indicate that the material is waste and allall thethecontents have to be indicatedcontents have to be indicated

using the waste tag to identify it as waste withoutusing the waste tag to identify it as waste without

writing the word "waste" is finewriting the word "waste" is fine the original contents labelthe original contents label mustmust be defaced or removedbe defaced or removed the word "hazardous" can not be written on the labelthe word "hazardous" can not be written on the label

a list on a clipboard can be used for indicating thea list on a clipboard can be used for indicating thecontents as long as it is near the waste containercontents as long as it is near the waste container

and it's very clear which list goes with whichand it's very clear which list goes with whichcontainer (the container itself still needs to becontainer (the container itself still needs to belabeled as "waste")labeled as "waste")


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Chemical waste containers closedChemical waste containers closed always kept closed if not being added toalways kept closed if not being added to

no funnels allowed (unless they are activelyno funnels allowed (unless they are activelypouring waste in)pouring waste in)

Ignition SourcesVacuum pumps and otherIgnition SourcesVacuum pumps and otherignition sources are segregated fromignition sources are segregated fromflammables/combustiblesflammables/combustibles

vacuum pumps and other significant sources ofvacuum pumps and other significant sources ofignition, e.g., a Bunsen burner, can not beignition, e.g., a Bunsen burner, can not be

stored near flammable chemicals or combustiblestored near flammable chemicals or combustiblematerial like paper or cardboardmaterial like paper or cardboard


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Group No :Group No :

Group names :Group names :

Name of lab evaluated :Name of lab evaluated :

Report of labReport of lab

evaluation -evaluation -


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One word assessment ofOne word assessment of

the labthe lab

what additional precautionswhat additional precautions

have to be taken?have to be taken?

What modifications areWhat modifications are

required?required?


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Vacuum pumps and other ignitionVacuum pumps and other ignition

sources are segregated fromsources are segregated from

flammables/combustiblesflammables/combustibles

vacuum pumps and other significantvacuum pumps and other significant

sources of ignition, e.g., a Bunsensources of ignition, e.g., a Bunsen

burner, can not be stored nearburner, can not be stored near

flammable chemicals or combustibleflammable chemicals or combustiblematerial like paper or cardboardmaterial like paper or cardboard

Special and Bioha ardSpecial and Biohazard


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Special and BiohazardSpecial and Biohazard

WasteWaste

Sharps containers properly usedSharps containers properly used sharps containers should not be more than fullsharps containers should not be more than full sharps containers should not have bottles, beakers,sharps containers should not have bottles, beakers,

etc. in them unless that glassware isetc. in them unless that glassware is infectiousinfectious sharps cannot be discarded anywhere othersharps cannot be discarded anywhere other

than sharps containersthan sharps containers

Records kept for autoclaved wasteRecords kept for autoclaved waste a log should be kept for autoclaved bio wastea log should be kept for autoclaved bio waste

(recommend standard EHS log if it is not being used)(recommend standard EHS log if it is not being used)

the log should include: date of treatment,the log should include: date of treatment,amount of waste treated, method/conditions ofamount of waste treated, method/conditions oftreatment, name (printed) and initials oftreatment, name (printed) and initials ofperson(s) performing treatmentperson(s) performing treatment


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Biohazard waste disposed of properlyBiohazard waste disposed of properly minimum autoclave parameters are 121 C, 15 psi, and 30 minutesminimum autoclave parameters are 121 C, 15 psi, and 30 minutes

unpreserved animals must be double bagged and kept frozen untilunpreserved animals must be double bagged and kept frozen untilpick-uppick-up

preserved animals must be separated from the preservative and bepreserved animals must be separated from the preservative and bedouble bagged and kept frozen until pick-updouble bagged and kept frozen until pick-up

bulk blood should be given to EHS for disposalbulk blood should be given to EHS for disposal blood contaminated non-sharp items are either autoclaved or placedblood contaminated non-sharp items are either autoclaved or placedinto biohazard bags and given to EHS for disposalinto biohazard bags and given to EHS for disposal

solid "microbiological waste" is autoclaved or chemically disinfected,solid "microbiological waste" is autoclaved or chemically disinfected,labeled with an EHS "treated" label, secured in a black trash bag, andlabeled with an EHS "treated" label, secured in a black trash bag, andplaced in the regular trashplaced in the regular trash

liquid "microbiological waste" is either autoclaved or treated with aliquid "microbiological waste" is either autoclaved or treated with achemical disinfectant then drain disposedchemical disinfectant then drain disposed


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Exits and aisles clear of obstructionExits and aisles clear of obstruction

walkways should not be cluttered need at leastwalkways should not be cluttered need at least

3 feet of clearance in aisles3 feet of clearance in aisles

up to two exits in each lab need to be freeup to two exits in each lab need to be free

from obstructions and be usable Emergencyfrom obstructions and be usable Emergency

equipment clear of obstructionequipment clear of obstruction

emergency equipment, e.g., showers, eyewashes,emergency equipment, e.g., showers, eyewashes,spill supplies, and fire extinguishers need to bespill supplies, and fire extinguishers need to be

unobstructedunobstructed


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Emergency equipment clear ofEmergency equipment clear ofobstructionobstruction

emergency equipment, e.g., showers,emergency equipment, e.g., showers,eyewashes, spill supplies, and fireeyewashes, spill supplies, and fire

extinguishers need to be unobstructedextinguishers need to be unobstructedChemical spill supplies availableChemical spill supplies available one chemical spill kit is needed per lab group (ifone chemical spill kit is needed per lab group (if

contiguous)contiguous)

if work with infectious agents is conducted,if work with infectious agents is conducted,then biological spill supplies are neededthen biological spill supplies are needed


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Chemical spill supplies available

one chemical spill kit is needed per labgroup (if contiguous)

if work with infectious agents isconducted, then biological spillsupplies are needed


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Exits and aisles clear of obstructionExits and aisles clear of obstruction

walkways should not be cluttered need at leastwalkways should not be cluttered need at least

3 feet of clearance in aisles3 feet of clearance in aisles

up to two exits in each lab need to be freeup to two exits in each lab need to be free

from obstructions and be usable Emergencyfrom obstructions and be usable Emergency

equipment clear of obstructionequipment clear of obstruction

emergency equipment, e.g., showers, eyewashes,emergency equipment, e.g., showers, eyewashes,spill supplies, and fire extinguishers need to bespill supplies, and fire extinguishers need to be

unobstructedunobstructed


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FURTHER READINGFURTHER READING

Changing the Subject Innovations in Science,Changing the Subject Innovations in Science,MathematicsMathematics

and Technology Educationand Technology Education (1996), OECD/Routledge.(1996), OECD/Routledge. Drawing on 23 case studies from OECD countries, the authorsDrawing on 23 case studies from OECD countries, the authors concentrate on the origins and purposes of innovation within andconcentrate on the origins and purposes of innovation within and across the science, mathematics and technology curricula andacross the science, mathematics and technology curricula and explore the involvement of teachers and students. They reflect onexplore the involvement of teachers and students. They reflect on strategies adopted to cope with and bring about change.strategies adopted to cope with and bring about change. Fume Cupboards in SchoolsFume Cupboards in Schools (1998), Architects & Building(1998), Architects & Building Branch of the Department for Education and Employment,Branch of the Department for Education and Employment, United Kingdom.United Kingdom. This bulletin covers the level of provision that is desirable toThis bulletin covers the level of provision that is desirable to meet curriculum needs and makes recommendations for goodmeet curriculum needs and makes recommendations for good Recent articles on multimedia laboratories are available underRecent articles on multimedia laboratories are available under the sectionthe section


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FURTHER READINGFURTHER READING(Contd)(Contd)

Safety in the School Laboratory: Disposal of ChemicalsSafety in the School Laboratory: Disposal of Chemicals (1996),(1996),Middle Schooling Matters in Science: Strategies for LearningMiddle Schooling Matters in Science: Strategies for Learningand Teachingand Teaching (1998), South Australia Department of Education,(1998), South Australia Department of Education,Training and Employment, Adelaide.Training and Employment, Adelaide.

This manual is a professional development package designedThis manual is a professional development package designed

by teachers for teachers, to support effective learning andby teachers for teachers, to support effective learning and

teaching in science for students aged 12 to 15. It advocates ateaching in science for students aged 12 to 15. It advocates ahands on approach to science.hands on approach to science. Planning Guidelines: Secondary School SciencePlanning Guidelines: Secondary School Science (1998), South(1998), SouthAustralia Department for Administrative and InformationAustralia Department for Administrative and Information

Services.Services.

This guide provides a broad description of the requirements forThis guide provides a broad description of the requirements for

facilities and makes specific reference to requirements that arefacilities and makes specific reference to requirements that arelegislated.legislated.


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WEB SITESWEB SITES

Association for Science Education Association for Science Education http://www.ase.org.uk/http://www.ase.org.uk/

The full text of Inspecting Safety in Science: A Guide forThe full text of Inspecting Safety in Science: A Guide forOfstedOfsted

Inspectors in Primary Schools, produced by CLEAPSS, is foundInspectors in Primary Schools, produced by CLEAPSS, is foundhere along with a guide for secondary schools. Safety-relatedhere along with a guide for secondary schools. Safety-related

articles from ASE journals are also available at this site, asarticles from ASE journals are also available at this site, aswellwell

as a list of publications on safety.as a list of publications on safety. Centre national de la recherche pdagogique Centre national de la recherche pdagogique

http://www.cndp.fr/http://www.cndp.fr/

planning laboratory work

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